2.Effects of daily mean temperature and other meteorological variables on bacillary dysentery in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China.
Qinxue CHANG ; Keyun WANG ; Honglu ZHANG ; Changping LI ; Yong WANG ; Huaiqi JING ; Shanshan LI ; Yuming GUO ; Zhuang CUI ; Wenyi ZHANG
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 2022;27(0):13-13
BACKGROUND:
Although previous studies have shown that meteorological factors such as temperature are related to the incidence of bacillary dysentery (BD), researches about the non-linear and interaction effect among meteorological variables remain limited. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of temperature and other meteorological variables on BD in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, which is a high-risk area for BD distribution.
METHODS:
Our study was based on the daily-scale data of BD cases and meteorological variables from 2014 to 2019, using generalized additive model (GAM) to explore the relationship between meteorological variables and BD cases and distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) to analyze the lag and cumulative effects. The interaction effects and stratified analysis were developed by the GAM.
RESULTS:
A total of 147,001 cases were reported from 2014 to 2019. The relationship between temperature and BD was approximately liner above 0 °C, but the turning point of total temperature effect was 10 °C. Results of DLNM indicated that the effect of high temperature was significant on lag 5d and lag 6d, and the lag effect showed that each 5 °C rise caused a 3% [Relative risk (RR) = 1.03, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.02-1.05] increase in BD cases. The cumulative BD cases delayed by 7 days increased by 31% for each 5 °C rise in temperature above 10 °C (RR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.30-1.33). The interaction effects and stratified analysis manifested that the incidence of BD was highest in hot and humid climates.
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that temperature can significantly affect the incidence of BD, and its effect can be enhanced by humidity and precipitation, which means that the hot and humid environment positively increases the incidence of BD.
Beijing/epidemiology*
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China/epidemiology*
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Dysentery, Bacillary/epidemiology*
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Humans
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Humidity
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Temperature
3.Establishment of a rapid risk assessment system for imported COVID-19 cases.
Yi ZHANG ; Xiao Dong SUN ; Rui TIAN ; Kang Lin WANG ; Yi LIU ; Li Li XIAO
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2022;43(5):663-668
Objective: To develop a rapid risk assessment tool for imported COVID-19 cases and provide reference evidences for prevention and control of COVID-19 at ports. Methods: The information about COVID-19 pandemic and control strategies of 12 concerned countries was collected during July to August 2021, and 12 indexes were selected to assess the importation risk of COVID-19 by risk matrix. Results: The risk for imported COVID-19 cases from 12 countries to China was high or extremely high, and the risk from Russia and the USA was highest. Conclusions: The developed rapid risk assessment tool based on the risk matrix method can be used to determine the risk level of countries for imported COVID-19 cases to China at ports, and the risk of imported COVID-19 was high at Beijing port in August 2021.
Beijing
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COVID-19/epidemiology*
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China/epidemiology*
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Humans
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Pandemics
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Risk Assessment
4.Survey on infection source of a cold-chain product associated COVID-19 epidemic caused by 2019-nCoV Delta variant in Beijing.
Shuang Sheng WU ; Zhen Yong REN ; Ying SUN ; Jiao Jiao ZHANG ; Hai ZHAO ; Xiang Feng DOU ; Chun Na MA ; Lei JIA ; Peng YANG ; Xinghuo PANG
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2022;43(8):1230-1236
Objective: To investigate the source and the transmission chain of a cold-chain product associated COVID-19 epidemic caused by 2019-nCoV Delta variant in Beijing. Methods: Epidemiological investigation were used to verify the exposure points of the cases. Close contacts were traced from the exposure points, and human and environmental samples were collected for nucleic acid tests. Positive samples were analyzed by gene sequencing. Results: A total of 112 cases of COVID-19 were reported in the epidemic from January 18 to February 6, 2022 in Beijing. Except for 1 case was uncertain, there were epidemiological links among 111 cases. The source of infection was the packages of imported cold-chain products from Southeast Asia, which were harvested and stored in a local cold-storage in January 2021, and packaged and sent to the cold-storage A in A district in June 2021, and then sold in batches in cold-storage B in B district from January 2022. The first case was infected in the handling of positive frozen products, and then 77 cases occurred due to working, eating and living together with the index case in the cold-storage B, cold-storage C and restaurant D. Besides the cold-storage B, C and the restaurant D, there were 16 sub-transmission chains, resulting in additional 35 cases. Conclusion: The epidemic indicated that the risk of 2019-nCoV infection from imported cold-chain products contaminated by package and highlighted the importance to strengthen the management of cold-chain industry in future.
Beijing/epidemiology*
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COVID-19/epidemiology*
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Epidemics
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Humans
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SARS-CoV-2
5.Moving Epidemic Method for Surveillance and Early Warning of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Beijing, China.
Shuai Bing DONG ; Yu WANG ; Da HUO ; Hao ZHAO ; Bai Wei LIU ; Ren Qing LI ; Zhi Yong GAO ; Xiao Li WANG ; Dai Tao ZHANG ; Quan Yi WANG ; Lei JIA ; Peng YANG
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2023;36(12):1162-1166
6.An investigation of prevalence of malignant tumors in 1204 nurses.
Zailing XING ; Xiaoshuang XIE ; Changyan YU ; Wenlan YU ; E-mail: WENLAN221@QQ.COM.
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2015;33(10):757-759
OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence of malignant tumors in nurses and its influencing factors and to provide a reference for protecting the health of nurses.
METHODSCluster sampling was used to randomly survey 1204 married nurses working in one tumor hospital and two tertiary general hospital in Beijing, China, from June to August in 2014. Using the homemade health questionnaire and medical examination reports, the prevalence of malignant tumors in nurses was analyzed.
RESULTSThe prevalence of malignant tumors in nurses was 18.3‰, and the prevalence of malignant tumors in the tumor hospital was the highest, reaching 40.1‰. The prevalence of malignant tumors varied significantly between nurses in different hospitals (P<0.05) and in different departments (P<0.05). The malignant tumors in nurses mainly included breast cancer, thyroid cancer, and cervical cancer. The mean age of nurses suffering from malignant tumors was 41 years, and the mean length of service was 20 years. The hospital and department where nurses worked, as well as their age and length of service, were significantly associated with malignant tumors (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of breast cancer, thyroid cancer, and cervical cancer is high in nurses surveyed, particularly those working in the tumor hospital. Further in-depth analysis of the reasons is needed to take preventive interventions for protecting the health of nurses.
Beijing ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Nurses ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires
7.Epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Beijing, 2021.
Yun Ping SHI ; Yan Lin GAO ; Chao WANG ; Ying LIU ; Ying ZHOU ; Xiao HU ; Wei LI ; Gang LI
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2022;43(9):1401-1407
Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases reported in Beijing in 2021 under the influence of the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic prevention and control policy, and provide reference evidence for the prevention and control of notifiable infectious diseases. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the morbidity of notifiable infectious diseases reported in Beijing in 2021, with software R 4.1.2 for data process and ArcGIS 10.8 for visualization. Results: The morbidity of notifiable infectious diseases in Beijing in 2021 was 290.51/100 000, a decrease of 43.29% compared with 2020 and a decrease of 71.45% compared with the average during 2017-2019. The top 5 reported diseases with high morbidity were other infectious diarrhea, influenza, hand foot and mouth disease, pulmonary tuberculosis and syphilis. From the perspective of transmission route, intestinal infectious diseases were the main diseases, accounting for 50.15% (31 898/63 601) of the total cases. From the perspective of pathogens, viral infectious diseases were the main diseases, accounting for 59.63% (25 259/42 356) of the total cases. The laboratory diagnosis rate of notifiable infectious diseases reported in Beijing increased from the average of 16.47% (36 289/220 371) during 2017-2019 to 35.36% (22 490/63 601) in 2021. The laboratory diagnosis rate of parasitic infectious diseases was 83.33%. The districts with high incidence of intestinal infectious diseases were Pinggu, Miyun and Fengtai; Natural foci and insect borne infectious diseases were mainly reported in Yanqing, Mentougou, Fangshan and Daxing. Conclusion: The morbidity of notifiable infectious diseases in Beijing in 2021 showed a decrease trend. The laboratory confirmation rate of reported notifiable infectious disease cases increased, and there were great differences in the laboratory confirmation rate among different diseases. It is very necessary to improve the laboratory confirmation rate of the cases. The diseases with different transmission routes showed different geographical distributions. It is necessary to conduct the targeted prevention and control of infectious diseases in different areas.
Beijing
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COVID-19
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Communicable Diseases/epidemiology*
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Dysentery
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Humans
;
Incidence
8.Assessment of intensity of seasonal influenza activity in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, 2019-2021.
Shuo HUANG ; Sheng Hong LIN ; Cui Hong ZHANG ; Meng Jie GENG ; Fan LIN ; Yu Qing GUO ; Yuan DENG ; Jian Dong ZHENG ; Li Ping WANG
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2023;44(3):438-444
Objective: To explore the feasibility of moving epidemic method (MEM) in the assessment of seasonal influenza (influenza) activity intensity from the perspective of urban agglomeration, assess influenza activity intensity in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2019 to 2021 and evaluate the reliability of surveillance data and the effectiveness of the MEM model application. Methods: The weekly reported incidence rate (IR) of influenza and the percentage of influenza-like illness (ILI%) from 2011-2021 in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region were collected to establish MEM models respectively. The model fitting effect and the reliability of the two data were evaluated for the purpose of establishing an optimal model to assess the influenza activity intensity in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2019-2021. A cross-validation procedure was used to evaluate the performance of the models by calculating the Youden's index, sensitivity and specificity. Results: The MEM model fitted with weekly ILI% had a higher Youden's index compared with the model fitted with weekly IR at both Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region level and provincial level. The MEM model based on ILI% showed that the epidemic threshold in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region during 2019-2020 was 4.42%, the post-epidemic threshold was 4.66%, with medium, high and very high intensity thresholds as 5.38%, 7.22% and 7.84%, respectively. The influenza season during 2019-2020 had 10 weeks (week 50 of 2019 to week 7 of 2020). The influenza season started in week 50 of 2019, and the intensity fluctuated above and below medium epidemic level for six consecutive weeks. The high intensity was observed in week 4 of 2020, the threshold of very high intensity was excessed in week 5, and the intensity gradually declined and became lower than the threshold at the end of the influenza season in week 8. The epidemic threshold was 4.29% and the post-epidemic threshold was 4.35% during 2020-2021. Influenza activity level never excessed the epidemic threshold throughout the year, and no epidemic period emerged. Conclusions: The MEM model could be applied in the assessment of influenza activity intensity in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and the use of ILI% to assess influenza activity intensity in this region was more reliable than IR data. Influenza activity intensity in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was higher during 2019-2020 but significantly lower in 2020-2021.
Humans
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Beijing/epidemiology*
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Influenza, Human/epidemiology*
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Seasons
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Reproducibility of Results
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Epidemics
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China/epidemiology*
10.The Incidence of Hypertension in Beijing Region Based on Yun-qi Theory: an Exploratory Research.
Yu HAO ; Qiao-ling TANG ; Xuan ZHANG ; Zhan-yang FEI ; Juan HE
Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine 2015;35(5):568-571
OBJECTIVETo explore the scientificity of Yunqi theory based on incidence of disease related recognitions such as year evolutive phase, host climatic qi, six climatic factors, celestial manager qi, qi in the earth by analyzing data of hypertension incidence.
METHODSA total of 1,265 inpatients with confirmed first diagnosis as hypertension were recruited at Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from February 4, 1999 to February 4, 2011. Each period (including year evolutive phase, host climatic qi, guest climatic qi) was deducted based on Yun-qi theory. Their ratios of different phases and qi in the total number of hypertension inpatients number were calculated and statistically tested.
RESULTSThere was statistical difference in ratios at year evolutive phase, celestial manager qi, and qi in the earth (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONThe incidence of hypertension has certain difference in each period, which is consistent with Yun-qi theory.
Beijing ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Incidence ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Qi ; Research