OBJECTIVE:To provide new identification method for processed medicinal material Chinese polyphaga(Eupolyph-aga sinensis,Steleophaga plancyi) and their adulterants by establishing molecular identification method based on Cytb genes. METHODS:The total DNA of Chinese polyphaga and their adulterants was extracted using modified saturation sodium chloride method. The Cytb genes of all samples were amplified with PCR using general primers REVCB2H and REVCBJ. The phylogenetic tree of all samples was constructed with Neighbor-Joining(NJ)method using MEGA 5.1 software. The sequences of the Cytb gene of all sampled were compared by using DNAMAN sofetware. The difference between genuine product and their adulterants were analyzed,and the specific primers Esin-F and Esin-R were designed for molecular identification in different regions. RESULTS:DNA extracted from processed medicinal insects was successful to amplify Cytb gene segments. The phylogenetic tree of all sam-ples was consistent with their genetic relationship. A fragment was amplified only from genuine product but not from other adulter-ants with the designed specific primers Esin-F and Esin-R. CONCLUSIONS:DNA extraction method from processed Chinese polyphaga and their adulterants have been established. Designed specific primers are highly specific to genuine product Chinese polyphaga,and can be used for the identification of Chinese polyphaga and their adulterants.

Objective To observe the effect of stageⅢdiabetic nephropathy(DN)treated by Qizhi Jiangtang capsule and explore its potential mechanism. Methods According to digital table method,the patients who conformed to the diagnostic criteria of stageⅢDN were randomly divided into two groups:an experiment group and a control group. All the patients in the two groups took elution treatment for 2 weeks,and then were treated with western basic therapy. The patients in the experiment group were administered orally with Qizhi Jiangtang capsule(2.5 g once, 3 times a day),while those in the control group treated with valsartan 80 mg,once a day. Urine microalbumin(mALB), mALB/urine creatinine(UCr),β2-microglobulin(β2-MG),α1-microglobulin(α1-MG)were observed in the two groups,endothelin-1(ET-1),nitric oxide(NO),thromboxane B2(TXB2),6-keto prostaglandin F1α(6-keto-PGF1α) were also determined. Serum creatinine(SCr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),serum cystatin-C(Cys-C),retinol-binding protein(RBP),β2-MG were detected in the blood biochemistry automatic analyzer. These laboratory markers were inspected before treatment and at the 4th,8th and 12th week after treatment. Results Ninety-six patients in the experiment group and 95 patients in the control group were effectively included in the end. Before treatment,there were no statistic significant differences in urine mALB,mALB/UCr,β2-MG,α1-MG and blood ET-1,NO,TXB2, 6-keto-PGF1α between two groups(all P>0.05). Along with the prolongation of treatment,urine mALB,mALB/UCr,β2-MG,α1-MG and ET-1,TXB2 were significantly reduced,while NO,6-keto-PGF1α were significantly raised in the two groups after treatment,and the above changes in the experimental group were more obvious. There were statistic significant differences of mALB,mALB/UCr,β2-MG,α1-MG and TXB2,6-keto-PGF1αbetween two groups at the 12th week after treatment〔mALB(mg/L):36.6±9.2 vs. 78.6±16.5,mALB/UCr(mg/mmol):3.90±1.97 vs. 9.70±2.90,β2-MG(mg/L):0.25±0.10 vs. 0.40±0.12,α1-MG(mg/L):8.40±2.26 vs. 12.50±3.21,TXB2 (ng/L):75.8±18.7 vs. 94.7±21.7,6-keto-PGF1α(ng/L):73.4±15.2 vs. 65.2±11.5,P<0.05 or P<0.01〕. But there were no statistic significant differences of ET-1 and NO between experimental group and control group at the same time-points〔ET-1(ng/L):57.6±6.9 vs. 59.1±6.2,NO(μmol/L):68.9±11.6 vs. 65.4±10.7,both P>0.05〕. In each of the two groups,the comparisons of the levels of SCr,BUN before and after treatment,there was no statistical significant difference at any time point;the same comparisons between the two groups,there was also no statistic significant difference before treatment and at each of the same time-point after treatment(all P>0.05). The levels of Cys-C,RBP andβ2-MG of the control group after treatment had the tendency of decreasing,but no statistic significant differences were found(all P>0.05). The levels of Cys-C,RBP,β2-MG of the experimental group at the 12th week after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment〔Cys-C(mg/L):0.72±0.07 vs. 0.89±0.12,RBP (mg/L):53.0±14.2 vs. 66.1±16.5,β2-MG(mg/L):1.86±0.71 vs. 2.79±0.82,all P<0.05〕. Conclusions Qizhi Jiangtang capsule can significantly reduce the levels of urine mALB and mALB/UCr of patients with stageⅢDN and stabilize their renal functions;its therapeutic effect is better then that of valsartan. Its mechanisms are related to the reduction of ET-1,elevation of NO,maintenance of dynamic equilibrium of thromboxane A2/prostacycline(TXA2/PGI2) and protection of vascular endothelial cells.

Objective To analyze the worldwide advances on bacterial quantitative proteomics over the past fifteen years with bibliometric approach.Methods Literature retrieval was conducted throughout the databases of Pubmed,Embase and Science citation index (SCI),using bacterium and quantitative proteomics as the key words.The deadline is July 2013.We sorted and analyzed these articles with Endnote X6 from the aspects of published year,the first author,name of journal,published institution,cited frequency and publication type.Results 932 English articles were included in our research after deleting the duplicates.The first article on bacterial quantitative proteomics was reported in 1999.The maximal publications were 163 related articles in 2012.Up till July 2013,authors from more than 23 countries and regions have published articles in this field.China ranks the fourth.The main publication type is original articles.The most frequently cited article is entitled with Absolute quantification of proteins by LCMSE:a virtue of parallel MS acquisition by Silva JC,Gorenstein MV,Li GZ,et al in Mol Cell Proteomics 2006.The most productive author is Smith RD from Biological Sciences Division,Pac.Northwest National Laboratory.The top journal publishing bacterial quantitative proteomics is Proteomics.Conclusion More and more researchers pay attention to quantitative proteomics which will be widely used in bacteriology.

Objective To analyze the procedure of nursing care in one patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)who developed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).Methods Peripheral venous indwelling needle was used as a pathway of intravenous infusion instead of subclavian central venous catheterization.And coagulation test was monitored and evaluated during HSCT.Results Through the monitoring of coagulation test and environment protective isolation,bleeding was controlled and the patient left laminar flow room successfully.Conclusions DIC is a complicated coagulation disorder.This patient developed life-threatening DIC during HSCT,therefore,for this patient,nursing care is a systematic work.So,only the specified targeted nursing care plans and accurate implementation could ensure the success of HSCT.

Objective To observe the surface electromyographic characteristics of the bilateral submen-tal muscles in dysphagia secondary to unilateral brainstem stroke. Methods A total of 25 subjects were recrui-ted. There were 8 stroke patients with dysphagia secondary to a left brainstem stroke and 7 stroke patients with dysphagia secondary to a right brainstem stroke. There were also 10 healthy controls matched in age and gender. The duration and peak amplitude of the submental muscle when swallowing 5 ml of warm water were recorded u-sing a surface electromyograph. Results The average amplitude of the left submental muscle in patients with a left brainstem stroke was significantly longer than that of those with a right brainstem stroke, but no significant differences in average duration were observed. Conversely, the amplitude of the right submental muscle in pa-tients with a right brainstem stroke was significantly longer than that of those with left brainstem stroke, but again there were no significant differences in duration. No significant differences were observed among the healthy con-trols. The amplitude and duration of both the affected and healthy sides of the patients were of course significantly longer or stronger than those of the healthy controls. Conclusion The swallowing function of the bilateral sub-mental muscles may be impaired among unilateral stroke survivors with dysphagia. The damage on the affected side is more severe than on the opposite side.

Nonalcoholic fatty pancreatic disease (NAFPD) is defined as pancreatic fat deposition associated with obesity in the absence of significant drinking, and its pathogenesis remains unclear. NAFPD is closely associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), type 2 diabetes, pancreatitis, pancreatic tumor, and pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenal surgery and can promote the spread of pancreatic cancer cells and result in the early death of patients with pancreatic cancer. The diagnosis and evaluation of NAFPD mainly rely on pathological biopsy and imaging examination, but their clinical application is limited by detection techniques and diagnostic level. Major prevention and treatment methods for NAFPD include a reduction in body weight, bariatric surgery, and pharmacotherapy. Since there are few articles on NAFPD and it is not taken seriously in clinical practice, there are significant differences in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Therefore, this article elaborates on the current status of research on NAFPD and the advances in its diagnosis and treatment.

In order to study effects of ginseng on the metabolism of drug belong to CYP3A4 substrate, screening of pregnane X receptor activation from ginsenosides was performed by reporter assay. Based on PXR-CYP3A stable translation cell lines, 13 ginsenosides were screened for pregnane X receptor activation by reporter assays, and RIF as the positive control. The effect of ginsenosides Rg1 onCYP3A4 mRNA expression was also investigated by RT-PCR. The PXR-CYP3A stable translation cell lines had good response to RIF, and the EC50 is 2.51 micro mol x L(-1). When the condition of final concentration was 10 micromol x L(-1), ginsenoside F2 and protopanaxatriol had moderate inductive effects on PXR. Panaxotriol, Rg2, pseudoginsenoside F11, Rg1, ginsenoside and Rb3 had inhibitory effects on PXR. Ginsenoside Rf1, Rg3, Rh2 and protopanaxdiol had no obvious effects on PXR. Rg1 down-regulated CYP3A4 mRNA expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Activation of pregnane X receptor by ginsenosides may influence the metabolism of drug belong to CYP3A4 substrate, and cause ginseng-drug interactions.

【Objective】 To observe whether cinobufotalin （CINO） inhibits the proliferation and improves apoptosis of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells by inhibiting the expression of wee1. 【Methods】 PcDNA-wee1 was transfected into SKOV3 cells. SKOV3 cells that overexpressed with wee1 were constructed and identified by Real-time PCR and Western blotting. After that， 10 μg/mL CINO was used for intervention treatment and grouping. CCK8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry after 48 h of treatment. Western blotting detected the expressions of Caspase-3， Bax and Bcl-2 in each group. 【Results】 Real-time PCR and Western blotting showed that the expression of wee1 was significantly increased in the pcDNA-wee1 group， while the expression of wee1 decreased in the CINO + pcDNA-wee1 group compared with the pcDNA-wee1 group. Compared with the pcDNA-wee1 group， the proliferation of SKOV3 cells in CINO + pcDNA-wee1group was inhibited （P<0.05）. Compared with pcDNA-wee1 group， the apoptosis rate of SKOV3 cells in CINO+pcDNA-wee1 group was increased （P<0.05）. Western blotting results showed that Bcl-2 protein expression in CINO+pcDNA-wee1 group was inhibited compared with that in pc-DNA-wee1 group， while Bax and Caspase-3 protein expressions were enhanced. 【Conclusion】 CINO can inhibit the proliferation and improve the apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells by reducing the expression of wee1.

Objective To study the suppressing genes of apoptosis, namely Bcl-2, its family genes Bax, Bcl-Xl, and the inducing gene of apoptosis Fas/Apo-1.Methods The techniques of cytoimmuno-histiochemical stains, Western blotting and Northern blotting were used. Results It was found that the antigens of Bcl-2 in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and acute lymphocytic (ALL) was higher than that in the normal (P<0.01). At same time, Bcl-2 was obviously lower expression in complete remission (CR) group than that in non-remission (NR) one by retrospective analysis (P<0.01). Though Bcl-2 was low expression in CR with Western blotting, there was no statistical significance (P>0.05). In CR group the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA was obviously lower than that of NR one (P<0.01). Even though leukemia expression of Bax with cytoimmuno-histiochemical stain was also lower than that in the normal people, there was no difference between CR and NR with cytoimmuno-histiochemical, Western blotting and Northern blotting (P>0.05). There was difference of Bcl-Xl mRNA in two groups (P<0.01).The expression Fas/Apo-1 in leukemia was lower than that in normal people (P<0.01). But in CR and NR, there was no difference with cytoimmuno-histiochemical stain and Western blotting. Conclusions The Changes of genes and their proteins are significant theoretically and clinically. The antigen expression of Bcl-2 and the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA may be considered as a prognostic index for AML.

Objective:To search, evaluate and summarize the best research evidence of perioperative intestinal management in patients with cervical spinal cord injury, so as to provide evidence-based basis for clinical nursing practice.Methods:Literature on perioperative intestinal management of cervical spinal cord injury were systematically searched in databases, domestic and foreign relevant guidlines network and professional associations, such as UpToDate, Cochrane Library, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, etc. The search period was from the establishment of the databases to October 1, 2023. The quality of the included literature was evaluated and the evidence was extracted and summarized.Results:Finally, 9 articles were included, including 2 guidelines, 2 expert consensuses, 1 randomized controlled trials, and 4 observational studies. Twenty-five pieces of evidence were summarized across six aspects: assessment, diet management, physical activity, physical therapy, drug therapy, prevention and management of intestinal complications.Conclusions:The best evidence of perioperative intestinal management in patients with cervical spinal cord injury summarized in this study can provide reference for clinical nursing practice.