Methods: (i) Animal experiments. This study conducted experiments using specific pathogen-free (SPF) grade male C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) mice and APP/PS1 double transgenic mice. The animals were divided into three groups: WT group (WT mice, n = 5, receiving distilled water daily), APP/PS1 group (APP/PS1 double transgenic mice, n = 5, receiving distilled water daily), and BSTSD group [APP/PS1 double transgenic mice, n = 5, treated with BSTSD suspension at a dosage of 27 g/(kg·d) for 90 d]. Cognitive function was assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM). Post-experiment, hippocampal tissues were collected for analysis of pyramidal cell and synaptic morphology through hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). (ii) Cell experiments. The HT-22 cells were divided into control group (untreated), Aβ25-35 group (treated with 20 μmol/L Aβ25-35 for 24 h), icariin group (pre-treated with 20 μmol/L icariin for 60 min, followed by 20 μmol/L Aβ25-35 for an additional 24 h), and icariin + LY294002 group [treated with 20 μmol/L icariin and 20 μmol/L LY294002 (an inhibitor of the phosphoinostitide 3-kinases (PI3K) signaling pathway) for 60 min, then exposed to 20 μmol/L Aβ25-35 for 24 h], and cell viability was measured. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of synapse-associated proteins [synaptophysin (SYP) and postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95)] and PI3K signaling pathway associated proteins [phosphorylated (p)-PI3K/PI3K, p-protein kinase B (Akt)/Akt, and p-mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)/mTOR]. Results: (i) Animal experiments. Compared with APP/PS1 group, BSTSD group showed that escape latency was significantly shortened (P < 0.01) and the frequency of crossing the original platform was significantly increased (P < 0.01). Morphological observation showed that pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA1 region were arranged more regularly, nuclear staining was uniform, and vacuole-like changes were reduced after BSTSD treatment. TEM showed that the length of synaptic active zone in BSTSD treatment group was increased compared with APP/PS1 group (P < 0.01), and the width of synaptic gap was decreased (P < 0.01). (ii) Cell experiments. Icariin had no obvious toxicity to HT-22 cells when the concentration was not more than 20 μmol/L (P > 0.05), and alleviated the cell viability decline induced by Aβ25-35 (P < 0.01). Western blot results showed that compared with Aβ25-35 group, the ratios of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR in icariin group were significantly increased (P < 0.01), while the protein expression levels of SYP and PSD-95 were increased (P < 0.01). These effects were blocked by LY294002 (P < 0.01). Conclusion BSTSD and icariin enhance cognitive function and synaptic integrity in AD models and provide potential therapeutic strategies through activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

Background:Acute-on-chronic liver failure( ACLF)is a commonly seen liver failure in China,and lacking an animal model that can effectively simulate the dynamic change of immune status of ACLF. Aims:To establish an animal model that can simulate dynamic change of immune status of ACLF by repeated administration of concanavalin A(ConA). Methods:Mice were randomly divided into normal control group and ConA repeated administration group. Mice in ConA repeated administration group were injected with ConA 15 mg/ kg through retrobulbar angular vein every 48 hours for 5 times,and mice in control group were injected with same volume of 0. 9% NaCl solution. Serum levels of IL-6,IL-10,IL- 12,TNF-α,IFN-γ,MCP-1 in peripheral blood were assessed by CBA assay,and the ratio of IL-10/ TNF-α was calculated. The expression of HLA-DR,number and proportion of CD4+ T cells and the expression of PD-1 of monocytes in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. Results:Peripheral blood cytokines changed from predominated proinflammatory cytokines into predominated anti-inflammatory cytokines with the increasing in time of administration in ConA repeated administration group. Compared with control group,HLA-DR expression of monocytes in peripheral blood was significantly decreased(P <0. 05),number and proportion of CD4+ T cells were significantly decreased(P <0. 05), and PD-1 expression was significantly increased( P < 0. 05)in ConA repeated administration group. Conclusions:An animal model of ACLF immune status from systemic inflammatory response syndrome( SIRS) to compensatory antiinflammatory response syndrome(CARS)induced by repeated ConA stimulation is successfully established.

Objective To explore the mechanism of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (HUC-MSC) alleviating ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) of liver cells through mitochondrial transfer. Methods Normal human liver cell line L02 was divided into the blank control group, oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) group, experimental control group, and L02 and HUC-MSC co-culture group (L02+HUC-MSC group). L02+HUC-MSC group was further divided into 10:1 co-culture subgroup (group A), 4:1 co-culture subgroup (group B), 2:1 co-culture subgroup (group C), 1:1co-culture subgroup (group D) and 1:2 co-culture subgroup (group E) according to different co-culture ratio of L02 and HUC-MSC. The apoptosis rate and relative reactive oxygen species (ROS) level of L02 cells were detected by flow cytometry. The MitoTracker positive rate of L02 cells was detected by flow cytometry. The mitochondrial transfer from HUC-MSC to L02 cells was observed by laser confocal microscope. Results The apoptosis rate and relative ROS level of L02 cells in the OGD group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group (both P < 0.05). Compared with the OGD group, the apoptosis rates of L02 cells in group B, C, D and E were significantly decreased (all P < 0.05), and the relative ROS level of L02 cells in group E was significantly declined (P < 0.05). The MitoTracker positive rate of L02 cells did not significantly differ between group A and experimental control group (P>0.05), whereas the MitoTracker positive rates of L02 cells in group B, C, D and E were significantly higher than that in the experimental control group in a concentration-dependent manner (all P < 0.05). Under the laser confocal microscope, mitochondrial transfer fromHUC-MSC to L02 cells could be observed through tunneling nanotube (TNT). Conclusions HUC-MSC may alleviate cell apoptosis and reduce ROS level of liver cells after IRI via direct mitochondrial transfer between cells.

Objective To assess MR characteristics of supratentorial intraparenchymal ependymomas(SIEs)in different age groups.Methods 40 patients with SIEs confirmed by surgery and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.All patients were examined by head MRI without or with contrast.Patients were divided into two groups according to age:child and adult group.T test was used to analyze the difference of tumor volume of two groups.Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare cystic,edema and pathological types of two groups.χ2test was used to distinguish sexual distinction.Results 39 cases of SIEs were located in cerebral surface,1 case located in inside cerebral essence.SIEs of child group(n=13)were male dominance(n=11),5 cases were located in the frontal lobe,all lesions were cystic solid masses.In the adult group(n=27),13 cases were male,9 cases were located in the frontal lobe,solid tumors were seen in 3 cases.There were significant difference among two groups in sexual distinction(χ2=3.921,P=0.048)and cystic change(U=98.50,P=0.02).There were no significant difference in the volume of tumor(t=1.828,P=0.087),edema(U=219.00,P=0.49)and pathological types(U=258.00,P=0.10).Conclusion There are MR characteristics differences in the SIEs in different age groups.Child has a superiority of male,tumors are mainly as cystic-solid mass,edema of the tumor is mild and has a high incidence cystic necrosis,the border is clear.In adult group,tumors are mainly as cystic-solid mass,and can also be solid mass, the solid portion of the lesion is easy to bleed,edema of the tumor is serious.

Objective To develop an Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) table suitable for professional characteristics and to predict the occurrence of complications in the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods This is a retrospective study. PCI patients in catheter room of Qingdao International Center Hospital from July to December, 2015 and July to December, 2016 were selected as the research object. The former was set as the control group, and the latter as the experimental group, traditional MEWS and modified MEWS were applied in the two groups respectively. The incidence of complications were compared between two groups. Results The incidence rates of cardiac arrest, drop of blood pressure, arrhythmia, slow blood flow or no complex flow, perforation, interlayer were 0.83％(3/362), 0.55％ (2/362), 0.55％ (2/362), was 0.55％ (2/362), 2.21％ (8/362) , 4.42％ (16/362) , and were 2.51％(9/358), 5.31％(19/358), 8.66％(31/358) , 3.07％(11/358) , 2.51％(9/358) , 2.79％(10/358) in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (χ2= 4.603-5.302, P<0.05). Conclusions The MEWS score of PCI can be used to predict the occurrence of complications in PCI, and for the patients with MEWS score above 5, they should be given medical and nursing intervention in order to reduce the complications in the operation.

Objective To explore the relationship between serum thyrotropin and the components of metabolic syndrome.Methods A total of 1534 adult inhabitants in Dadong district of Shenyang were asked to fulfill the questionnaires and have physical examination and oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT).The vein blood was drawn to measure thyrotropin(TSH),fasting plasma glucose(FPG),OGTT 2hPG,fasting insulin,triglyceride(TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C).Results Serum TSH in the MS group was higher than in the Non-MS group(2.54 vs 2.22 mU/L,P

Objective To verify the criteria proposed by National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry(NACB)guidelines in investigating the factors that affect serum TSH determination, and to determine the reference range of serum TSH in iodine-sufficient areas of China. Methods In 2007, 5 348 inhabitants were enrolled from 3 iodine-sufficient areas of Liaoning Province, and were asked to fulfill the questionnaire. Serum TSH, thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb), and thyroglobulin antibody(TgAb)were determined, and thyroid ultrasonography was carried out. Results The distribution of TSH levels was skewed in healthy people and closely fit the curve of Gaussian distribution after logarithmic transformation. The levels of TSH in subjects of 12-19 years of age were significantly higher than those of other age groups(P＜0.01), and no significant difference was found among the latter groups. TSH level in females [(1.68±1.90)mIU/L] was higher than in males[(1.45±1.92)mIU/L, P＜0.01]. The reference range of TSH was 0.43-4.74 mIU/L in males, and 0.48-5.39 mIU/L in females. Family history of thyroid disease, abnormal thyroid ultrasonography, and positive thyroid antibodies were the factors that influenced TSH level. Conclusion The reference range of serum TSH in iodine-sufficient areas of China is established.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum thyrotrophin(TSH)and dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroid and euthyroid subjects. Methods An epidemiological study on diabetes and thyroid diseases was performed in Dadong community, Shenyang city, in 2007. 110 subjects with subclinical hypothyroidism(SCH)and 1 240 euthyroid subjects were enrolled in the study. Neither history of thyroid diseases nor administration of thyroid-related and lipid-regulating medicines were reported in these subjects. The levels of serum thyroid hormones, lipids, fasting plasma glucose(FPG), and insulin were determined. Results (1)Patients with SCH had significantly lower HDL-C levels than those who were euthyroid.(2)According to the guideline of treatment of adult dyslipidemia in China, the lipid profiles were each categorized. Mean TSH levels were higher in subjects in the dyslipidemia subclass than subjects in the normal subclass. The differences were significant in high LDL-C subclass in overweight individuals. In euthyroid overweight women, mean TSH levels were significantly higher in high LDL-C subclass. In the euthyroid population, TSH was positively associated with total cholesterol in overweight population. The association was not modified by the homestasis model assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)values.(3)TSH was associated positively with serum triglycerides and negatively with serum HDL-C in women. TSH was positively associated with total cholesterol in overweight population and positively associated with total cholesterol and LDL-C in overweight women after adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index. Conclusion Raised serum TSH seems to be a risk factor of dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroid and euthyroid subjects, which is independent of insulin sensitivity.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of umbilical compress with anti-cancer Xiaogu formula in managing malignant ascites. Methods A total of 56 patients with malignant ascites who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into 28 patients in the treatment group and 28 patients in the control group. The control group was treated with one type of diuretic, and the treatment group was given umbilical compress using Anti-Cancer Xiaogu formula and diuretics. Both groups were treated for 14 days. The changes of abdominal girth, 24 h urine volume, ascites efficacy, TCM syndrome scores, quality of life and adverse reactions were observed. Results The decrease in the maximum depth difference of the ascites in the treatment group was significantly greater than that of the control group (1.16 ± 1.29 vs. 0.00 ± 1.34, Z=-2.553). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The decrease in abdominal girth in the treatment group was significantly larger than that in the control group (0.57 ± 0.55 vs. 2.61 ± 0.28, Z=-2.264). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The in 24-hour urine volume in the treatment group after intervention (-800.18 ± 64.12 vs.-683.57 ± 55.38, Z=-1.770) was no statistically significant (P>0.05). The response rate in the treatment group was 92.9％ (26/28), while that of the control group was 89.3％ (25/28).treatment group was 71.4％, while that of the control group was 35.7％. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The increase in KPS in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Anti-cancer Xiaogu umbilical cord combined with diuretic can reduce the degree of malignant ascites, alleviate clinical symptoms, improve quality of life and decrease the occurrence of adverse reactions when used concomitantly with diuretics in the management of malignant ascites.

This study investigated the relationship between serum thyrotrophin levels and dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroid and euthyroid subjects. A total of 110 subjects with subclinical hypothyroidism and 1,240 euthyroid subjects enrolled in this study. Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism had significantly lower high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels than those who were euthyroid. The lipid profiles were each categorized and mean thyrotrophin levels were higher in subjects in the dyslipidemia subclasses than subjects in the normal subclasses. Thyrotrophin was positively associated with serum triglyceride and negatively associated with serum HDL-C in women. Thyrotrophin was also positively associated with total cholesterol (TC) in the overweight population along with TC and LDL-C in overweight women. In the euthyroid population, thyrotrophin was positively associated with TC in the overweight population. In conclusion, serum thyrotrophin was correlated with dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroid and euthyroid subjects; the correlation was independent of insulin sensitivity.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cholesterol/blood ; Cholesterol, HDL/blood ; Dyslipidemias/*blood ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Lipids/blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thyrotropin/*blood ; Triglycerides/blood ; Young Adult