AIM: To investigate the antimicrobial activity of linezolid,vancomycin and other antibacterials against 111 methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus.METHODS: Broth dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs) of linezolid,vancomycin and other antibacterials against 111 methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus identified by cefoxitin.RESULTS: The resistant rates of 111 MRSA to ?-lactam,erythromycin,aminoglycosides(netilmicin and gentamycin),fluoroquinolones(gatifloxacin,moxifloxacin and levofloxacin) and chloromycin were 100%,92.8%,99.1%,91.9%-99.1%,3.6%.All 111 MRSA were sensitive to linezolid and vancomycin,and MIC50 and MIC90 of vancomycin were 0.5 and 1 ?g/mL,MIC50 and MIC90 of linezolid were 2 ?g/mL.CONCLUSION: 111 MRSA were resistant to most antibacterials including ?-lactam,erythromycin,aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones.Linezolid and vancomycin have strong antimicrobial activity against MRSA.

AIM: To study the changes of bacterial ultrastructure, membrance potential and membrance patency of Escherichia coli during the postantibiotic effect after exposure to gatifloxacin and ciprofloxacin in order to investigate the mechanisms of PAE. METHODS: During the Postantibiotic effect after exposure to gatifloxacin and ciprofloxacin, the aliquots were taken from the bacterial culture at regular intervals. Then the fluorescence microscope was used to observe changes in bacterial ultrastructure and at the same time we studied the changes of membrance potential and membrance patency in Escherichia coli during the postantibiotic effect by flow cytometry in conjunction with fluorescent probes. RESULTS: The PAE phase characterized by filament formation after exposure to gatifloxacin by fluorescence microscopy,yet no significant changes in membrance potential and membrance patency of Escherichia coli were observed. CONCLUSION: Gatifloxacin and ciprofloxacin can induce filamentation, and this change is indifferent with membrance potential and membrance patency of Escherichia coli.

The infection caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm has becoming one of the most urgent problems in hospital.Recent reports of possible mechanism of iron in biofilm formation were reviewed in this paper.The possible effects of iron on adsorption,microcolony formation,mature of colony and desorb were explained,and the prospect of clinical use of local iron or chelator spray was also reviewed here.

AIM:To compare the mutant prevention concentration(MPC)of linezolid and vancomycin against methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)and study the correlation between minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)and MPC.METHODS:MICs and MPCs of two drugs against 35 MRSA clinical stains were determined by agar plates dilution method.The correlations between MIC and MPC were determined by linear regression.The ability to restrict the resistance was evaluated according the pharmacokinetics of two drugs.RESULTS:The MPCs of two drugs against MRSA were 16 and 8 ?g/mL and the MPC/MIC was 8.MPCs and MICs correlated poorly(R2 were 0.32 and 0.008,respectively).According to pharmacokinetics of two drugs,the concentration of linezolid was inside the MSW(mutant selective window)for the entire dosage interval,while the concentration of vancomycin exceeded the MPC for the most dosage interval.CONCLUSION:The capacity of vancomycin for restricting the selection of MRSA resistant mutants is stronger than that of linezolid.There is low correlation between MPC and MIC.

Objective To analyze the effect of custom abutment and computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing(CAD/CAM) provisional crown on gingival shaping around the implant,and to research the main effect of the custom abutment in the formation of gingival.Methods According to the wishes of patients,fifteen patients were divided into two groups.Gingival molding used CAD/CAM in the observation group(n=7) to design and make custom abutment and provisional crown.The control group(n=8) used the prefabricated abutment and the hand-made self-curing resin temporary crown.Immediately after inserting of final insertion and three months later,pink esthetic score(PES) was calculated in both two groups.Results The labial gingiva curve of the observation group was (1.93±0.27)points,which was higher than (1.56±0.51)points of the control group,there was significant difference between the two groups(t=2.496,P<0.05).After permanent repair of 3 months,the PES scores of the two groups[the observation group (8.71±0.95)points,the control group(8.25±1.04)points]were higher than those of permanent repair day[the observation group (8.29±1.25)points,the control group(7.25±1.04)points],there were statistically significant differences in the total score of PES and permanent repair group permanent repair after 3 months of the day(t=4.290,P<0.05),there was no significant difference between the experimental group(P>0.05).The PES score of the observation group was (8.50±1.09)points,which was higher than (7.75±1.13)points of the control group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion The effect of the custom abutment on curvature of facial mucosa is significant.The combination of custom abutment and digital provisional crown can achieve better soft tissue stability and ideal aesthetic effect in a short time.

Apoptosis ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

Objective To analyze the worldwide advances on bacterial quantitative proteomics over the past fifteen years with bibliometric approach.Methods Literature retrieval was conducted throughout the databases of Pubmed,Embase and Science citation index (SCI),using bacterium and quantitative proteomics as the key words.The deadline is July 2013.We sorted and analyzed these articles with Endnote X6 from the aspects of published year,the first author,name of journal,published institution,cited frequency and publication type.Results 932 English articles were included in our research after deleting the duplicates.The first article on bacterial quantitative proteomics was reported in 1999.The maximal publications were 163 related articles in 2012.Up till July 2013,authors from more than 23 countries and regions have published articles in this field.China ranks the fourth.The main publication type is original articles.The most frequently cited article is entitled with Absolute quantification of proteins by LCMSE:a virtue of parallel MS acquisition by Silva JC,Gorenstein MV,Li GZ,et al in Mol Cell Proteomics 2006.The most productive author is Smith RD from Biological Sciences Division,Pac.Northwest National Laboratory.The top journal publishing bacterial quantitative proteomics is Proteomics.Conclusion More and more researchers pay attention to quantitative proteomics which will be widely used in bacteriology.

Objective: To explore the relationship between intra-operative blood product transfusion and post-operative prognosis in children with pediatric open heart surgery by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
Methods: A total of 1028 consecutive pediatric patients received the open heart surgery by CPB in our hospital were retrospectively studied. Uni- and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were conducted to analyze the relationship between intra-operative blood product transfusion and post-operative in-hospital death and complication rates.
Results: There were 45/1028 (4.4%) of patients died, 143 (13.9%) with low cardiac output syndrome, 43 (4.2%) received dialysis, 26 (2.5%) with sustained pulmonary failure, 17 (1.7%) with infection, and 28 (2.7%) developed neurologic complications. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that duration and the lowest temperature of CPB, 24-hour post-operative pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM-III) score and intra-operative transfusion amount of RBC > median (20.3 ml/kg) were the independent risk factors for post-operative in-hospital death. Congenital heart disease (CHD) with pre-operative cyanosis, duration of CPB, 24-hour post-operative PRISM-III score, 6-hour post-operative mediastinal drain loss and intra-operative transfusion amount of RBC > 20.3 ml/kg were the independent risk factors for post-operative complication occurrence.
Conclusion: Large volume of RBC transfusion in the open heart pediatric surgery with CPB may increase the risk of post-operative in-hospital death and complication occurrence, reducing RBC transfusion might be improving the post-operative prognosis in CHD patients.

Recently , the country actively explores the pattern of an integrated healthcare which enables the as-sociation among hospitals of different levels , aimed to achieve maximum utilization of medical resources and lead a reasonable distribution of the patients .By reviewing the practices related to the integration of healthcare in Beijing , Shanghai , Zhenjiang and Wuhan city , this paper sums up in five typical mechanisms , i.e.organization and manage-ment mechanism , human resource management mechanism , interest distribution mechanism , service continuity and resources sharing mechanism .The effects of these practices were analyzed and the faced challenges were discussed . The following points were made clear during analysis and discussion:the sustainability of the collaboration mode and organization structure , human resource supports and incentive methods , health insurance guidance for hospitals and patients , two-way referral system and supporting measures , and building of information system .Then we put forward some suggestions , hoping to offer some references to the establishment of integrated healthcare in other regions .

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the resistance phenotype of acinetobacter baumannii and the expression of ade efflux pump gene. METHODS: Non-repetitive 51 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii were collected in Peking Union Medical Hospital between Feb. 2004 and Feb. 2005. The active efflux system adeB structural gene and sequence were identified by PCR. RESULTS: The tested strains were not susceptible to common broad-spectrum antibiotics. Multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii carried adeB active efflux pump gene. CONCLUSION: The multiple-drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii is independent of ?-lactamase. It maybe related to other drug resistance mechanism. The effect of active efflux system is possibly one of the major mechanisms of multidrug resistance of acinetobacter baumannii.