The main pathological change of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was the formation of senile plaques (SP) induced by the abnormal accumulation ofβ-amyloid protein (Aβ). Blood-brain barrier (BBB) can regulate the Aβ metabolism in the brain through relevant transporter to complete the across BBB transport. This paper introduced two main transporters, which were the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1) in BBB for the elucidation of neuronal cell toxicity induced by inflammatory factors from Aβ accumulation within the brain. It further explored the regulation on two transport proteins, which were RAGE and LRP-1 in BBB for the reduction of abnormal accumulation of Aβ, relieving of inflammation in the brain, and protection of cerebral neurons by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

Objective To explore and evaluate the total oxidative and antioxidant status and lipid levels in patients with COPD. Methods Measurement and comparative analysis were preformed between 51 cases of COPD patients and 45 healthy people in serum TOS,TAS,IMA concentration,blood lipid,and the concentration of ox-LDL. Results In the COPD group,serum IMA concentration was significantly higher than those in the control group(0.94 ± 0.31 vs. 0.62 ± 0.25,P<0.001). The serum TOS was higher than that in the control group(6.51 ± 4.85 vs. 4.53 ± 3.81,P<0.05). The serum ox-LDL concentration in COPD group increased significantly compared with the control group(5.91 ± 3.61 vs. 4.51 ± 2.05,P<0.05). The serum HDL concentration in the COPD group was significantly lower than that in the control group(36.49 ± 9.60 vs. 44.19 ± 10.14,P<0.001). There was no sig-nificant difference in TAS,triglyceride and low LDL between the two groups. Conclusions The serum levels of TOS,ox-LDL and IMA are significantly increased in COPD patients compared with the control group,while HDL-C concentration is significantly decreased. Increase of IMA and ox-LDL in serum of patients with COPD may be relat-ed to imbalance of TOS and TAS due to chronic inflammation and oxidative stress.

Objective To construct a plasmid DNA encoding G glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) and investigate the protective immune response against RSV infection. Methods Recombinant plasmid DNA of pcDNA3.1~G was constructed by standard RT-PCR based cloning procedure. The immunogenicity of recombinant G protein transiently expressed in HEK293 cells was detected by Western blot. BABL/c mice were intramuscularly immunized with pcDNA3.1~G. Samples of lung, sera, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were collected before and after RSV challenge; virus titer in lung was detected by viral titration; sections of paraffin embedding lung tissues were stained by haematoxylin and eosin(HE) for histological analyses; sera anti-RSV IgG levels were examined by ELISA; Th1/Th2 cytokine were detected by ELISA kit, the T lymphocyte subsets of BALF was determined by immunefluorescence staining followed by flow cytometry. Results Plasmid DNA of pcDNA3.1~G was successfully constructed. The expressed target protein possesses immunogenicity. After challenge, pcDNA3.1~G immunized mice presented relieved pathological changes in lung as well as reduced lung viral titers. The RSV specific IgG was detected in sera of immunized mice. There was significantly increased number of CD25~+CD4~+ T cells in mice BALF. Conclusion We constructed a pcDNA3.1~G plasmid DNA vaccination which can induce evident protective cellular immunity against RSV infection in mice with the increased number of CD25~+CD4~+ T cell subpopulation.

Objective To summarize the nursing experience of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients with circumferential mixed hemorrhoid intercurrent infection, explore the nursing methods of severe circumferential mixed hemorrhoid before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods The detailed nurse plan and carefully observation and assess of lesion were performed daily. Iodophor water at the concentration of 0.5‰ was used for anal bath and 2% iodine ointment was used to smear perianal to prevent of infection. And gauzes soaked iodophor were used to cover the lesions, and Chinese traditional herb for anal bath and ultraviolet exposure to control infection. Additionally, the necessary psychological support was given to overcome the fear. Results After the careful nursing, the patient passed through the agranulocytosis period and achieved the success of transplantation. Conclusions This case suggests that the methods in prophylaxis of patients with circumferential mixed hemorrhoids is effectious.

TiO2 coated hollow fiber ( HF) was prepared by sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscope. The adsorption performances of the self-prepared TiO2 coated HF for interest metal ions were explored. The sample solution was extracted for 30 min at pH 8. 0 under stirring at speed of 700 r/min, then desorpted with 100μL of 1 mol/L HNO3 . On the basis of this, a method combining TiO2 coated HF micro-solid phase extraction with electrothermal vaporization-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ( ICP-MS ) was developed for the determination of trace metal ions in environmental water samples. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection obtained by the proposed method were 0. 039, 0 . 021 , 0 . 009 and 0 . 018 ng/mL for CrⅢ, CuⅡ, CdⅡ and PbⅡ with enrichment factors of 12 . 5 , 11 . 7 , 10. 3 and 18. 6, respectively. The preparation reproducibility of self-prepared TiO2 coated HF ranged from 4. 5% to 6. 8% (n=9) in one batch, and from 7. 7% to 9. 6% (n=7) in batch-to-batch. The developed method has been validated by analyzing a certified reference material ( GSBZ50009-88 200925 ) and also applied to the analysis of CrⅢ, CuⅡ, CdⅡ and PbⅡ in East Lake water and snow water successfully. Meanwhile, TiO2 coated HF stir bar was prepared for a comparison and it was demonstrated that TiO2 coated HF displayed higher extraction efficiency and adsorption capacity for target ions.

Abstract: Objective To compare the application value of metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) with traditional culture in diagnosis of pulmonary infection pathogens. Methods　The clinical documents of 310 patients with suspected pulmonary infection admitted to the General Hospital of Center Theater Command from February 2021 to September 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The results of mNGS and traditional culture were analyzed, followed by comparison on the positive rate, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy (ACC), positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) between the two methods. Results　 The study revealed that mNGS can simultaneously detect multiple pathogens, with the highest efficiency of detection for bacteria and the lowest for fungi. And the sequencing numbers of bacteria, fungi and viruses shown by mNGS were significantly different (H=70.361, P<0.001). In comparison, mNGS displayed a higher positive detection rate (88.40%) than traditional culture (29.70%) (χ2=162.373, P<0.001), but the consistency between the two methods was not significant (Kappa = -0.003, P=0.902). The sensitivity, specificity, ACC, PPV and NPV of mNGS were 91.29%, 28.26%, 81.94%, 87.96%, and 36.11% respectively, compared to corresponding 30.30%, 73.91%, 36.77%, 86.96% and 15.60% of traditional culture respectively. Through analysis, it is confirmed that the sensitivity and specificity between the two methods were statistically significant (91.29% vs 30.30%, χ2=148.120, P<0.001 and 28.26% vs 73.91, χ2=13.793, P<0.001). Conclusions　mNGS can significantly improve the detection rate of pathogens in pulmonary infections and provide a complementary tool besides to traditional culture method for accurate anti-infection therapy. Furthermore, both traditional culture and mNGS pathogen detection methods are highly dependent on sample quality and detection quality control. mNGS requires the correct interpretation of comprehensive, non-destructive pathogenic genetic information to accurately identify pathogens.

Aim To investigate how Farnesoid X re-ceptor (FXR),a nuclear hormone receptor,acts on neurological behaviors such as emotion,social behav-ior,memory and so on.Methods FXR’s function in central nervous system was evaluated by conducting a battery of behavioral tests including elevated plus maze test (EPMT),forced-swimming test (FST),social in-teraction test (SIT ), and passive avoidance test (PAT),and the contents of neurotransmitters were de-termined by the LC-MS /MS method in FXR knockout (KO)female mice and their wild-type controls.Re-sults FXR KO mice showed significantly increased immobility time in FST (P <0.01 ),and it showed in-creased tendency to enter the open arms in EMPT (P<0.01 ).The number of probing the open arms by FXR KO mice was more than that of the controls.Mo-reover,in SIT,FXR KO mice had remarkably in-creased sniffing interactions with the stranger mouse in the same cage (P <0.01 ).But in PAT,the latency for FXR KO mice to enter the dark chamber on the test day and the number of FXR KO mice to enter the dark chamber didn’t differ from those wild-type mice.In hippocampus,the contents of GABA,Glu,and NE were decreased prominently in FXR KO mice (P <0.05,P <0.05 and P <0.01 ,respectively)as well as the ratio of GABA to Glu (P <0.05).But in pre-frontal cortex,none of the neurotransmitters examined showed any difference between FXR KO mice and their controls.Conclusion FXR may be involved in main-tenance of the homeostasis of neural transmission in the central nervous system,thereby influences the emotion-al and social behavior in animals.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a kind of important barrier system in the body. It can have a choice to prevent certain substances from entering the brain, in order to maintain the relative stability of internal environment of the central nervous system (CNS). However, it also became an important restriction factor for the treatment of CNS diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) had good curative effects on several kinds of CNS diseases, which illustrated that effective composition of TCM can pass through or influence the function of BBB. This paper summarized the research progress of literatures on current pharmacological and clinical trials for the effect of TCM on BBB.

Objective To compare the changes of serum C reactive protein (CRP) in different lesion site and activity so as to evaluate its worthy of an indicator of disease activity. Methods Forty-two patients with Crohn's disease (CD) were divided into small intestinal group and colonic group according to the involved lesions. Twenty-three cases of UC and 26 cases of inflammatory bowel disease (IBS)were served as controls. The serum level of hs-CRP was tested using latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetery. mg/L and (1.1±1.8)mg/L, respectively. Hs-CRP was elevated significantly in CD group compared to UC and IBS groups (P＜0.001). The ratio of patients whose hs-CRP exceeded 3 mg/L was 76.2%, 30.4% and 7.7% in CD, UC and IBS, respectively (P=0.000). The ratio was significantly higher in CD higher than that of small intestinal group [(11.9±7.6 )mg/L vs (6.8±7.2)rag/L, P =0.04]. The ratio of patients whose hs-CRP exceeded normal value was higher in colonic group than that in small CRP(≥10 rag/L). Among them, 4/17 were in remission, 3/11 in mild, 10/13 in moderate and 1/1 in severe according to the CDAI. The hs-CRP was correlated well with CDAI and ESR (r was 0.52 and 0.70 respectively, P＜0.001). Conclusions CRP can he used as a inflammatory marker for evaluating the disease activity of CD. The patients with small intestinal involvment may have lower CRP than those with colonic affection. The elevation of CRP was paralleled to the disease severity of CD.

Aim To investigate the changes of behav-iors,neurotransmitters and depression related gene ex-pressions in hippocampus of C57BL/6 mice after olfac-tory bulbectomy (OB).Methods Forced swimming test (FST),tail suspension test (TST),open filed test (OFT),and elevated plus maze test (EPMT) were used to evaluate the behavioral changes 18 days after surgery. LC-MS/MS method was employed to measure the hippocampal neurotransmitters.Quantita-tive PCR approach was established to determine the hippocampal gene expressions associated with depres-sion.Results OB mice were hyperactive in OFT (P<0.05 ) accompanied with increased time spent in open arm of EPMT (P<0.01).Meanwhile,the sur-gery led to the reduction of the ratio of 5-HIAA/5-HT (P <0.01 ) but the increase of Glu/GABA (P <0.01 ) in hippocampus.Moreover,OB elevated the gene expressions of BDNF,Trkb,GDNF,CD1 1 b and TNF-αbut down-regulated that of TPH2 in hippocam-pus (P<0.05 ).Conclusion Behavioral alternation of OB mice was a result of comprehensive effect of the changes of neurotransmission and depression related genes,which call us special attention in using OB as an animal model for research and development of anti-depressants.