Objective To prospectively assess the nutritional status in the patients with alimentary tract malignancy,and to elucidate the factors related to malnutrition.Methods The nutritional status of 328 patients with newly diagnosed alimentary tract malignancy was assessed using subjective global assessment(SGA)and serum levels of prealbumin and albumin.And the factors influencing the nutritional status of the patients with alimentary tract malignancy in different locations were analyzed.Results The prevalence of malnutrition was 64.43% in all,75.81% in colon cancer,63.24% in esophageal cancer,62.40% in gastric cancer and 60.27% in rectal cancer.The changes of nutritional status mainly manifested weight loss with the incidence of 67.39%,serum prealbumin level under 200 g/L with the incidence of 24.1% and serum albumin level less than 35 g/L with the incidence of 31.70%.And there was significant difference in weight loss and serum levels of prealbumin and albumin among the patients with different nutritional status(P=0.000).The factors that influence the nutritional status of the patients with alimentary tract malignancy include the location and TNM staging of tumors,and the age,appetite and digestive symptoms of the patients.Conclusion The patients with alimentary tract malignancy are susceptible to malnutrition due to the multiple factors such as the tumor location and metabolic impacts of tumor on host.Nutritional screening,assessment and early intervention should be emphasized in the inpatients with alimentary tract malignancy.

0.05),but all were lower than those of the control group(P

Objective To explore the correlative factors and management of secondary high intraocular pressure(IOP) after vitreoretinal surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR). Methods The data of 51 patients(54 eyes) with PDR after vitreoretinal surgery were collected.The incidence of secondary high IOP was obtained,and the correlative factors leading to high IOP were analysed.Besides,the therapeutic effects of management were observed. Results Twenty-six patients(26 eyes) experienced postoperative high IOP,with the incidence of 48.15%(26/54).It was revealed that the preoperative retinal detachment,the combined performance of crystal phacoemulsification,the practice of intraocular tamponade and the postoperative posterioruveitis were related to the occurrence of high IOP(P

Objective To explore the metabolic abnormality in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and effect of atpical antipsychotics olanzapine on them.Methods Thirty patients with first-episode schizophrenia,admitted to our hospital from February 2010 to February 2011,and 40healthy controls were chosen in our study; patient group was given oral olanzapine for 4 week.The height,weight,waistline and hipline were measured before and after treatment,and the total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein(HDL),low-density lipoprotein(LDL),apolipoprotein AI(aPOAI),apolipoprotein B100(aPOB100),lipoprotein a(LPa),fasting blood-glucose,fasting insulin and C peptide levels were detected before and after treatment; and the insulin resistance(IR)index,waist hip ratio(WHR)and body mass index(BMI)were calculated before and after treatment; metabolic index were compared between patients and controls,and patients before and after the treatment.Results The HDL and aPOA1 levels in patient group were significantly lower,and the WHR,IR index,fasting insulin and C peptide levels were obviously higher as compared with those in the controls(P＜0.05).The BMI,waist circumference,WHR,the IR index,the insulin,TC,TG,LDL and aPOB100 levels after treatment were significantly increased as compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05).Conclusion There may be some inborn metabolic abnormality factors in patients with first-episode schizophrenia; the high incidence of metabolic abnormality in patients with schizophrenia may be the result of combined action from antipsychotics and inherit susceptibility.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features, immunohistochemical findings, EBV and c-myc gene status of intra-abdominal non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma occurring in children.

METHODSSeventy-four cases of pediatric intra-abdominal non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma were retrieved from the archival file. The cases were classified according to the 2008 WHO classification. Tissue microarray including tumor tissues from all the 74 cases was produced. Immunohistochemical study (SP method) for CD20, CD3, CD79a, CD10, bcl-6, MUM1, bcl-2, CD43, CD38 and Ki-67 was performed. In-situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA (EBER) and fluorescence in-situ hybridization for c-myc gene were also carried out.

RESULTSAmongst the 74 cases studied, 65 of them (87.8%) were Burkitt lymphoma (BL), 4 cases (5.4%) were diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and the remaining 5 cases (6.8%) showed features in-between DLBCL and BL (DLBCL/BL). The patients often presented with abdominal pain, abdominal masses, ileus and intussusception. The ileocecal bowel wall and mesenteric lymph nodes were commonly involved. The lymphoma cells were of high histologic grade and suggested an aggressive clinical behavior. The staining for CD20 and CD79a were positive in all of the cases, while CD3 was negative. The positive rates of CD10, bcl-6, bcl-2, MUM1, CD43, CD38 and EBER in BL were 96.9% (63 cases), 95.4% (62 cases), 0 (0 case), 23.1% (15 cases), 70.8% (46 cases), 96.9% (63 cases) and 41.5% (27 cases), respectively. Fifty-four cases carried translocation of c-myc gene. As for DLBCL, the positive cases of CD10, bcl-6, bcl-2, MUM1, CD43, CD38 and EBER were 3 cases, 2 cases, 3 cases, 2 cases, 2 cases, 2 cases and 0 case, respectively. One of these cases showed c-myc gene translocation. Amongst the 4 cases of DLBCL, 2 of them belonged to germinal center B-cell-like subtype, while the remaining 2 cases were of non-germinal center B-cell-like subtype. The expression rates of CD10, bcl-6, bcl-2, MUM1, CD43, CD38 and EBER in DLBCL/BL were 5/5, 4/5, 0, 3/5, 5/5, 3/5 and 0, respectively. Three of the cases were positive for c-myc gene translocation.

CONCLUSIONSThe majority of pediatric intra-abdominal non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma belonged to BL. They have characteristic clinical presentation and sites of predilection and are often associated with an aggressive clinical behavior. Thorough morphologic assessment, immunohistochemistry and in-situ hybridization play an important role in subtyping this group of lymphoid malignancy.

Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Burkitt Lymphoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; CD79 Antigens ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Genes, myc ; Humans ; Intestinal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; RNA, Viral ; metabolism ; Translocation, Genetic

Bladder cancer is one of the most common types of cancer. Most gene mutations related to bladder cancer are dominantly acquired gene mutations and are not inherited. Previous comparative transcriptome analysis of urinary bladder cancer and control samples has revealed a set of genes that may play a role in tumor progression. Here we set out to investigate further the expression of two candidate genes, centromere protein U (CENPU) and mitochondrial ribosomal protein s28 (MRPS28) to better understand their role in bladder cancer pathogenesis. Our results confirmed that CENPU is up-regulated in human bladder cancer tissues at mRNA and protein levels. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies in T24 human urinary bladder cancer cell line revealed a hierarchical relationship between CENPU and MRPS28 in the regulation of cell viability, migration and invasion activity. CENPU expression was also up-regulated in in vivo nude mice xenograft model of bladder cancer and mice overexpressing CENPU had significantly higher tumor volume. In summary, our findings identify CENPU and MRPS28 in the molecular pathogenesis of bladder cancer and suggest that CENPU enhances the progression of bladder cancer by promoting MRPS28 expression.

Bladder cancer is one of the most common types of cancer. Most gene mutations related to bladder cancer are dominantly acquired gene mutations and are not inherited. Previous comparative transcriptome analysis of urinary bladder cancer and control samples has revealed a set of genes that may play a role in tumor progression. Here we set out to investigate further the expression of two candidate genes, centromere protein U (CENPU) and mitochondrial ribosomal protein s28 (MRPS28) to better understand their role in bladder cancer pathogenesis. Our results confirmed that CENPU is up-regulated in human bladder cancer tissues at mRNA and protein levels. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies in T24 human urinary bladder cancer cell line revealed a hierarchical relationship between CENPU and MRPS28 in the regulation of cell viability, migration and invasion activity. CENPU expression was also up-regulated in in vivo nude mice xenograft model of bladder cancer and mice overexpressing CENPU had significantly higher tumor volume. In summary, our findings identify CENPU and MRPS28 in the molecular pathogenesis of bladder cancer and suggest that CENPU enhances the progression of bladder cancer by promoting MRPS28 expression.

BACKGROUNDGlaucoma is mainly characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells. Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is believed to stimulate the regeneration of axons of retinal ganglion cells. The objective of our study was to detect the expression of CNTF in the retina of a rat glaucoma model with increased intraocular pressure (IOP).

METHODSThe rat glaucoma model was set up by electrocoagulating at least three episcleral and limbal veins. The location and the expression level of CNTF were detected at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days post-surgery by immunohistochemistry, semiquantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and Western blot analysis.

RESULTSThe rat glaucoma model with chronic, moderately elevated IOP was successfully produced. A minimum expression of CNTF was found in the ganglion cell layer of the retinas of the control group, and temporally increased expression and intensity of CNTF were found in the experimental retinas.

CONCLUSIONThe expression of endogenous CNTF in the rat retina was found altered after the induction of ocular hypertension.

Animals ; Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor ; analysis ; genetics ; Densitometry ; Immunoblotting ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Ocular Hypertension ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Retina ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

To investigate the immunological and other clinical characteristics in TEL/AML1+ childhood B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), immunophenotyping was performed with three-color flow cytometry, and the expression of TEL-AML1 fusion gene was detected with nested RT-PCR. Diagnosis was made according to FAB and MIC criteria. The results showed that (1) among 119 children with B-ALL, 22 (18.5%) were TEL-AML1 positive and classified as L2 morphological subtype. In TEL-AML1+ group, positive rate and score of PAS, which were 65% and 121 respectively, were all higher than that of TEL-AML1- group (P < 0.05); (2) compared with TEL-AML1- group, no significant difference was found in age, gender, white cell count and blasts count in peripheral blood of TEL-AML1+; (3) in TEL-AML1+ group, 21 out of 22 (95.5%) were common ALL, as compared with TEL-AML1- group, the positive rate of CD13 was higher (59.1%, 13/22) and the positive rate of CD20 was lower (22.7%, 5/22) than that in TEL-AML1- group, respectively (P < 0.05), and the mean fluorescence index of CD10 and HLA-DR significantly increased to 92.80 and 53.61, respectively (P < 0.05). It is concluded that TEL-AML1 rearrangement is a frequent molecular abnormality in childhood ALL. Leukemic blasts with this anomaly have special immunophenotypic characteristics. These characteristics may be useful in detection of minimal residual leukemia.
Antigens, CD20 ; analysis ; Burkitt Lymphoma ; genetics ; immunology ; CD13 Antigens ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit ; genetics ; Female ; HLA-DR Antigens ; analysis ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Infant ; Male ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics

BACKGROUNDThe existing classifications for evaluating glaucoma filtering blebs rely mostly on external bleb characteristics and the postoperative control of intraocular pressure (IOP). Internal bleb structures are not carefully observed. This study aimed to analyze and compare glaucoma filtering bleb morphology using slit-lamp-adapted optical coherence tomography (SL-OCT) and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), and to classify blebs according to results and intraocular pressure.

METHODSWe followed 29 eyes of 21 male patients and 40 eyes of 32 female patients who underwent glaucoma filtering surgery in Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai, between 2002 and 2006. The blebs were imaged using SL-OCT and UBM and classified according to the intrableb morphology and control of IOP after surgery. A Fisher's exact test was used to compare the sensitivity for predicting a functioning bleb differed significantly between SL-OCT and UBM. A Fisher's exact test was also used for morphological analysis of the trabeculectomy blebs based on SL-OCT.

RESULTSIn the 69 eyes, there were 45 (65.2%) functioning blebs and 24 (34.8%) non-functioning blebs. We classified the blebs into four categories on the basis of SL-OCT images: diffuse, cystic, encapsulated and flat. Diffuse and cystic blebs were typically functional, whereas the other two types were always non-functional. The sensitivity of SL-OCT for predicting a functioning bleb was 92.7% (38/41 eyes) and specificity of predicting a non-functioning bleb was 83.3% (20/24 eyes). By contrast, sensitivity of UBM was 66.7% (30/45 eyes) and specificity was 75.0% (18/24 eyes). The sensitivity for predicting a functioning bleb differed significantly between the two techniques (P = 0.003).

CONCLUSIONSSL-OCT provides high-axial-resolution images of anterior segment structures. The non-contact approach of SL-OCT enables visualization of intrableb structures at any time after surgery. SL-OCT has greater sensitivity and specificity than UBM in evaluating filtering bleb function. The morphological classification supported the assessment of bleb function and could provide objective data for evaluating the outcome of antiglaucoma surgery or the need for a second procedure.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blister ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Conjunctiva ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Glaucoma ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Male ; Microscopy, Acoustic ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; methods ; Trabeculectomy ; adverse effects ; methods