Background and purpose:Through detection of MG7-Ag expression in various types of gastric mucosa biopsy tissues as well as serum,we studied their correlation and its clinical application value in the role of prediction of gastric precancerosis and its clinical significance.Methods:Using 125 samples of gastric mucosa biopsy tissues and corresponding sera(12 samples of normal gastric mucosa,21 samples of superficial gastritis,24 samples of gastric mucosal erosion and ulcer,15 samples of atrophic gastritis,22 samples of dysplasia,31 samples of gastric cancer)MG7-Ag expression in tissues was detected by SP immunohistochemical two-step staining;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect serum content of antigen MG7.Results:No expression of MG7 was detected in 12 samples of normal gastric mucosa and the positive expression rate of MGT-Ag was 93.55% in 31 samples of gastric cancer.In the order of superficial gastritis,gastric mucosal erosion,ulcer,atrophic gastritis,dysplasia and gastric cancer,expression rate of MG7 was increased sequentially(P

Objective To investigate the utility of P504S(?-methylacyl-COA racemase), CK34?E12,p63 and PSA immunohistochemistry in the pathological diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma (PAC).Methods The specimens of 46 cases of PAC,8 cases of prostatic high-grade intraepithelial neo- plasia (HGP1N) and 35 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissues were immunohistochemically stained with P504S,CK3413E12,p63 and PSA antibody,respectively.Results Of the 46 PAC cases,42 (91.3%) cases showed positive for P504S,including 25 cases (54.3%) who showed strongly and diffusely positive (+++) for cytoplasmic staining.In 7 (87.5%) of the 8 HGPIN cases,the specimens were also positive for P504S,and only 1(2.9%)of the 35 BPH cases showed focally weakly positive (+) for P504S.All the 8 HGPIN cases (100%) and 33 (94.3%) of the 35 BPH cases showed positive for CK34?E12 and p63,while all the 46 PAC cases showed negative for CK34?E12 and p63.In 44 (95.7%) of the 46 PAC cases,the specimens were positive staining for PSA.Conclusions P504S has high sensitivity and good specificity in the diagnosis of PAC.P504S staining in combination with HE,CK34?E12,p63 and PSA staining can improve the accurate diagnosis of PAC.

This study aimed to explore the mechanism of a novel mutation (p.Lys38Glu) in apolipoprotein H (APOH) gene causing hereditary beta2-glycoprotein Ⅰ (β2GPI) deficiency and thrombosis in a proband with thrombophilia.The plasma level of β2GPI was measured by ELISA and Western blotting,and anti-β2GPI antibody by ELISA.Lupus anticoagulant (LA) was assayed using the dilute Russell viper venom time.Deficiency of the major natural anticoagulants including protein C (PC),protein S (PS),antithrombin (AT) and thrombomodulin (TM) was excluded from the proband.A mutation analysis was performed by amplification and sequencing of the APOH gene.Wild type and mutant (c.112A＞G) APOH expression plasmids were constructed and transfected into HEK293T cells.The results showed that the thrombin generation capacity of the proband was higher than that of the other family members.Missense mutation p.Lys38Glu in APOH gene and LA coexisted in the proband.The mutation led to β2GPI deficiency and thrombosis by impairing the protein production and inhibiting the platelet aggregation.It was concluded that the recurrent thrombosis of the proband is associated with the coexistence ofp.Lys38Glu mutation in APOH gene and LA in plasma.

BACKGROUNDGenetic factors are believed to play a role in the individual susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) has been reported but inconsistent results may arise from different populations and phenotypes of COPD. There are only a few published studies of interleukin-13 (IL-13) SNPs on COPD. The SNPs of TNF-alpha and IL-13 have not been studied in the Chinese population. This research was conducted to study the frequencies of IL-13 gene promoter 1055 (IL-13-1055) and TNF-alpha gene-308 polymorphisms in the patients with COPD and to investigate the effect of those genetic polymorphisms on COPD in the Chinese population.

METHODSA cohort of COPD patients and age matched controls were recruited from an inpatient hospital service in Beijing. Venous blood was obtained and genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood monocytes using standard method. Genomic DNA was used as a template for amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the polymorphism at -1055 in the IL-13 gene promoter region. PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was used to determine polymorphisms in the TNF-alpha gene-308 position. The products were investigated by sequence analysis also.

RESULTSOne hundred and eleven COPD patients and 97 controls were studied. Seventy-five cases were current smokers in COPD patients and 36 were current smokers in controls. The frequencies of TT genotype in the IL-13 gene promoter region were 11.7% (13/111) in the COPD group and 13.4% (13/97) in the controls (P = 0.713). However, the OR value of TT genotype was significantly increased to 6.4 (95% CI 1.62 - 25.39) in the smokers with COPD. TT genotype was also positively related to family history of COPD, OR = 7.7 (95% CI 1.37 - 43.80). The frequencies of A allele in the TNF-alpha gene were 5.9% in COPD and 3.1% in controls (P = 0.131). The OR value of A allele was 5.0 (95% CI 1.011 to 25.059) in smokers with COPD.

CONCLUSIONSThere is no significant difference in the frequencies of the TT genotype of IL-13-1055 or the A allele of the TNF-alpha between Han Chinese patients with COPD versus control. Thus, it does not appear that these SNPs are independent factors in COPD for Han nationality in Beijing. However, these SNPs may increase the risk of COPD among smokers.

Adult ; Aged ; China ; ethnology ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Interleukin-13 ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; genetics ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the annual incidence rate of intussusception over a 5-year period in Suzhou and to determine whether there was a potential link between intussusception rotavirus diarrhea.

METHODSOutpatient and inpatient data from 1999 through 2003 retrospectively were reviewed for young children (< 2 year old) whose diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasonography or radiography and patients were reduced by air enema or surgery. From September 2001, to August 2003, inpatients with diarrhea (< 2 year old) were detected rotavirus antigen in the stool by ELISA technology.

RESULTSFrom 1999 through 2003, 1101 cases were reported in children below 2 years old. The incidence rate of intussusception under 1 year age each year was 275.3, 338.2, 547.0, 515.3, and 425.4 per 100,000 child years respectively (the average annual incidence was 418.1 per 100,000 child years), and the incidence of intussusception increased over time from 1999 to 2003. A peak age distribution of intussusception was infants 4 to 10 months old (692/1101, 62.85%) and mean age was 9.62 +/- 5.65 months, which were greatly different from those of patients with rotavirus diarrhea, whose peak age distribution was 5 to 16 months old (252/331, 76.13%), and mean age was 11.42 +/- 5.14 months (Z = 6.90, P < 0.01). The peak month distribution of intussusception was from April to August (595/1101, 54.04%), which was distinct from that of patient with rotavirus diarrhea, whose peak month distribution was between October and January (232/331, 70.09%). Test: chi2 = 226.06, P < 0.001.

CONCLUSIONThe annual incidence rate of intussusception for < 1 year of age was 418.1 per 100,000 child years in Suzhou. We found no epidemiologic evidence for an association between intussusception and rotavirus diarrhea.

Age Factors ; China ; epidemiology ; Diarrhea ; complications ; epidemiology ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Intussusception ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Rotavirus ; Rotavirus Infections ; complications ; epidemiology ; virology ; Seasons

OBJECTIVEMetabolic syndrome has attracted more attention from scientists of related areas due to its association with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The clinical identification criteria for metabolic syndrome issued by ATP III of NECP indicate the enlarged waist as the first component using the cut-offs derived from Caucasians. The purpose of this study is to investigate the appropriate cut-offs of waist circumference for Chinese adults as a component of metabolic syndrome.

METHODSDatabase of 13732 Chinese adults with 35 - 59 years from the risk factor survey in 1998 (the 9(th) Five Year National Project on trends and prediction of cardiovascular disease) was used to analyze the ORs of clustering of risk components by different strata of waist circumference. The sensitivity, specificity and distance in ROC curve by different cut-offs of waist circumference for identifying two or more risk components of metabolic syndrome were estimated to find the cut-off point for men and women with the shortest distance in ROC curve.

RESULTSThe ORs of clustering of risk components increased significantly with the size of waist circumference. The waist circumference (>/= 85 cm for men, >/= 80 cm for women) corresponded to the shortest distance in ROC curve, namely, at these cut-offs, the rates of false positive and false negative for identifying clustering of two or more risk components were the minimum.

CONCLUSIONSIf a person had three or more of the following components, metabolic syndrome could be defined: waist circumference >/= 85 cm in men or >/= 80 cm in women, SBP >/= 130 mm Hg or DBP >/= 85 mm Hg, TG >/= 1.69 mmol/L, HDL-C < 1.03 mmol/L and fasting blood glucose >/= 6.1 mmol/L. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 19.3% and 13.9% in middle-aged men and women respectively. In these patients the combination of enlarged waist, high blood pressure and high TG was the most frequent. This recommendation need further confirmed in representative sample of Chinese population.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Blood Pressure ; China ; epidemiology ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome ; blood ; epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Waist Circumference

OBJECTIVETo assess the relationship of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with clustering of other risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD).

METHODSA total of 30 561 participants aged 35 - 59 from different parts of China were surveyed for risk factors of CVD in two independent cross-sectional studies carried out in 1992 - 1994 and 1998. Data were pooled to analyze clustering rate of risk factors for CVD and relative risk of their clustering at varied levels of BMI and WC. Clustering of other risk factors for CVD was defined as any participant who had any two or more risk factors, such as high blood pressure, high serum total cholesterol, low HDL-C, high fasting plasma glucose. Clustering rate of other risk factors for CVD at different levels of BMI and WC was estimated.

RESULTSClustering rate of other risk factors for CVD significantly increased with rising of BMI and WC. In most of varied BMI groups, clustering rate of other risk factor increased with rise of WC in both men and women (P value for trend < 0.05), and in most of varied WC groups, clustering rate of other risk factor significantly increased with rise of BMI (P value for trend < 0.05). Clustering rate of other risk factors for CVD adjusted for age was 11.1% and 10.4% with BMI < 24.0 kg/m(2) and WC < 85/80 cm, 24.0% and 17.0% with BMI of 24 - 27.9 kg/m(2) and WC < 85/80 cm, 34.3% and 24.0% with BMI of 24 - 27.9 kg/m(2) and WC of 85 - 95.9/80 - 89.9 cm, 40.8% and 29.6% with BMI of 24 - 27.9 kg/m(2) and WC >/= 95/90 cm, 44.2% and 29.9% with BMI >/= 28 kg/m(2) and WC of 85 - 95.9/80 - 89.9 cm, and 54.7% and 35.4% with BMI >/= 28 kg/m(2) and WC >/= 95/90 cm, for men and women, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSBMI and WC were independently and positively associated with clustering rate of other risk factors for CVD. It is very important for health to keep both BMI and WC in normal level.

Body Constitution ; Body Mass Index ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; Cluster Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; complications ; Risk Factors

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate associations of overall obesity (OO) and abdominal obesity (AO) with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) among type 2 diabetes(T2DM) patients. Methods A community-based study for T2DM patients was conducted in rural communities in Beijing．Every patient completed a questionnaire to collect demography, lifestyle and diseases history, and underwent physical examinations, baPWV assessments and blood biochemical tests. Multivariate linear regression was used to assess the relationship between obesity index and baPWV. Abnormal baPWV was defined as patients with baPWV≥1,700 cm/s. Logistic regression model was performed to explore the risk of abnormal baPWV after adjusting for poetential confounders step by step. Results A total of 2 048 T2DM patients were recruited. The average age was (59.2±8.3) years and total prevalence of abnormal baPWV was 49.7%. After multivariable adjustment, linear regression showed that there was a negative correlation between body mass index(BMI) and baPWV and a positive correlation between waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and baPWV. Compared to normal weight group, those with BMI≥28 kg/m2 had lower risk of abnormal baPWV (OR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.44-0.78，P<0.001), but there was an increased risk of 46% among patients with obesity in WHR (OR=1.46, 95% CI:1.07-2.00，P=0.018). Compared to those without OO and AO, patients without OO but with AO had a 1.67-fold increasesd risk of abnormal baPWV (OR=1.67, 95% CI: 1.19-2.35，P=0.003). Conclusions Abdominal obesity is related with arterial stiffnening among T2DM patients, and it is critical to evaluate arterial stiffness of T2DM patients with abdmonal obesity and normal BMI in order to reduce future risk of cardiovascular diseases.

Objective To explore the relationship between sleep duration and different ischemic stroke (IS) subtypes. Methods Participants in the study were recruited from rural communities in Beijing. The survey questionnaires, physical examination and biochemical tests were performed. Sleep duration was categorized into 5 groups, namely ≤5 hours/day, 6 hours/day (5.5-6.5 h/d), 7 hours/day (6.5-7.5 h/d), 8 hours/day (7.5-8.5 h/d) and ≥9 hours/day(≥8.5 h/d). Classification of ischemic stroke was based on Trial of org 10172 in acute stroke treatment(TOAST)classification. Logistic models were used to evaluate the associations between sleep duration and different IS subtypes. Results A total of 6 370 participants were recruited. The average age was (58.34±9.37) years old. Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age, sex, behavioral lifestyle, socioeconomic status and health status, compared to subjects with 7 hours/day, subjects with sleep duration ≤5 hours/day was significantly associated with increased risk of IS (OR=1.75, 95% CI: 1.42-2.15, P<0.001), large-artery atherosclerosis (OR=1.98, 95% CI:1.46-2.70, P<0.001), small-artery occlusion lacunar (OR=5.73, 95% CI:3.34-9.83, P<0.001) and stroke of undetermined etiology (OR=4.43, 95% CI:1.86-10.53, P=0.001). Subjects with sleep duration 8 hours/day and ≥9 hours/day was only found to be significantly associated with IS and large-artery atherosclerosis (P<0.05). Conclusions Short sleep duration is associated with increased risk of IS, large-artery atherosclerosis, small-artery occlusion lacunar and stroke of undetermined etiology. But long sleep duration is only associated with increased risk of IS and large-artery atherosclerosis.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, control of hypertension among middle-aged Chinese.

METHODSThe study comprised two cross-sectional surveys including urban and rural residents, manual workers, farmers and fishermen in different southern and northern parts of China. There were 13 populations under research with comparable data. 18 746 (in 1992 - 1994) and 13 504 (in 1998) participants, aged 35 through 59 years, equal number of men and women, were examined in each of the surveys, on blood pressure measurement, in 1992 - 1994 and in 1998. Hypertension was defined as systolic pressure >/= 140 mm Hg, and/or diastolic pressure >/= 90 mm Hg, and/or reported treatment with antihypertensive medications. Awareness and treatment on hypertension were assessed with standardized questions. Hypertension control was defined as measured blood pressure of less than 140/90 mm Hg. Awareness, treatment and control of hypertension were standardized according to the WHO world standard population.

RESULTSIn 1998, 24.0% of participants had hypertension, an increase of 2.3% from 1992 - 1994. Prevalence of hypertension was higher in urban area (25.4%), increasing with age, and higher in men among the younger groups and lower in women among the older groups. Overall, in 1998, 42.6% were aware of their hypertensive status (increase of 5.3%), 31.3% were treated (increase of 3.8%), and the rate under control was 6.0% (increase of 2.6%). The rates of awareness, treatment and control, which tended to increase with age except those aged above 55 years, which were higher in urban areas and women compared with rural areas and men. For people with treated hypertension, the rates of those under control were ranged from 12.7% in 1992 - 1994, to 19.9% in 1998.

CONCLUSIONPrevalence of hypertension was increasing in China, while the rates of control, although improving, continued to be low. This implied that effective public measures needed to be developed to enhance the awareness and rates of treatment.

Adult ; Antihypertensive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Awareness ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Surveys ; Prevalence ; Risk Reduction Behavior ; Rural Health ; Sampling Studies ; Sex Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Health