Background The orbital fibroblasts (OFs) in thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) play important roles in the proliferative and inflammatory response.Seeking the drug which inhibit OFs growth is of a vital significance for the prevention and treatment of TAO.Research documented that colchicine has an anti-fibrosis effect.But its influence on OFs of TAO patient is few known.Objective This study was to investigate the effect of colchicine on growth and apoptosis of OFs in vitro.Methods The retroobital connective tissue was obtained form 3 TAO patients and cultured using explant method.OFs were passaged and identified by immunochemistry,and 3-8 genetaions of cells were used in the study.Colchicine at the concentrations of 1 × 10-8,1 × 10-7,1 × 10-6,1 × 10-5,1 ×10-4 mol/L was added into the RPMI 1640 with 10％ fetal bovine serum(FBS) to incubated the cells for 24,48 and 72 hours respectively,and only RPMI 1640 was used to culture the cells as the control group.Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8)was used to detect the absorbance value (A450) of OFs for the evaluatuion of OFs and the inhibitory rate of colchicine to OFs.The colchicine of 1 ×10-6,1 ×10-5,1 × 10-4 mol/L was added into the culture medium for 48 hours,and then the apoptotic rate of the cells and the cell percentage in various cellular cycle was assayed by flow cytometry(FCM).The expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)in the cells was detected by immunochemistry to assess the influence of colchicine on the serection of the cells.Results Cultured cells showed the spindle-like in shape and the cell number was significantly increased with the incubation time.After incubated with 1 × 10-4,1 × 10 5,1 × 10-6,1 ×10-7,1 × 10-8 mol/L colchicines,the A450 values were gradually reduced with the increase of the concentrations of colchicine(F ion =62.004,P＜0.05),and significant differences were found between different contrations of colchicine groups(all P＜0.05).Aslo,gradually declined A450 values of the cells were seen with the lapse of culture time among the groups(Ftime =459.582,P＜0.05).The inbitory rate of colchicine to the cells was elevated with the increase of concentrations.The apoptotic rates of the cells were (1.73 ± 0.15) ％,(21.04 ± 4.56) ％,(31.84 ±6.21)％and(35.32±5.56)％ in the control group and 1 × 10-6,1 × 10-5,1 × 10 4 mol/L colchicine groups respectively,with statistically significant difference among the 4 groups (F =83.905,P＜0.05).With the increase of concentrations of colchicines,the cell percentage in G2 +M phase lessened gradually,showing significant difference among the control group and the 1 × 10-6,1 × 10-5,1 × 10-4 mol/L colchicine groups (F =20.443,P＜0.05).The expression of the TGF-β in the cells was (97.60± 2.09) ％ in the control group,and that in the 1 × 10-4 mol/L colchicine group was (44.43 ± 3.96) ％,presenting a significant difference between them (t =65.330,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Colchicine can induce apoptosis of OFs and inhibit the prolilferation of OFs in a time-and dose-dependent manner probably by decreasing the TGF-β secretion

Objective To investigate the effects of the two major conjugated linoleic acid(CLA) isomers on serum lipoprotein composition in fatty rats.Method Eighteen male OLETF rats were randomly divided into three groups.The control group fed with AIN76 diets,CLA groups were fed with 1% 9c,11t-CLA (9ct group) or 1%10t,12c-CLA (10tc group) containted AIN76 diets.After two weeks,serum triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) were determined by commercial kits.On the other hand,serum lipoprotein were separated into chylomicron(CM),very low density lipoprotein(VLDL),low density lipoprotein(LDL) and HDL by HPLC according to the different particle sizes,and the TC and TG levels were measured in each lipoprotein.Results 10t,12c-CLA feeding reduced the concentrations of rat serum TG significantly,and increased the concentration of serum TC (26.1%) by increasing TC levels of the small particle size LDL and the big particle size HDL.While 9c,11t-CLA feeding increased the serum TG by 22.6%,and had no effect on the serum TC.Conclusion 10t,12c-CLA can reduce the concentration of serum TG and increase the concentration of HDL-c,but the effect on the improvement of atherosclerosis still need further investigation.

To optimize the Scutellaria baicalensis extraction process, the filter paper method and the bacteriostatic ratio method were adopted to determine the in vitro bacteriostatic efficacy of water extracts and 60% alcohol extracts from S. baicalensis. The quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker (QAMS) was used to determined the contents of four active components, baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein and wogonin. In addition, with the bacteriostatic ratio and the overall desirability of the contents of four active components as indexes, the orthogonal experiment was adopted to detect the effect of water addition, extraction frequency and extraction time. The optimal extraction process was to add 12 times of water for the first time, 10 times of water for the second time, extract for 2 time, 2 h for each time. This optimization process is stable and feasible, with a higher bacteriostatic ratio in extracts.
Alcohols ; chemistry ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Chemical Fractionation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Scutellaria baicalensis ; chemistry ; Water ; chemistry

Objective To study effect of eleetromyograghie(EMG) biofeedback training on three kinds of u- rinary ineontifienee.Methods Nineteen patients with urinary incontinence were treated by means of EMG biofeed- back training twice a day for six weeks.The treatment was performed with a device,which can detect the EMG ampli- tude of the pelvic muscle and deliver electric stimulation accordingly.Results After 6 weeks of treatment,the inci- dence of uretbrorrhea was reduced by 41%,and the frequency of micturition was decreased by 38% ,while the fre- quency of urination in one day reduced to 9 to 13.The general subjectively rated improvement rate of patients was 53% ,while the general objectively one was 58%.Conclusion Biofeedback training has significant therapeutic: eftects on patients with urinary incontinence.

Objective To make a systematic evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Eszopiclon and Alprazolam in the treatment of insomnia.Methods By searching the PubMed,Cochrance Library,CNKI, WANFANG,and VIP database,we studied the literature published between 2005 to 2016 on the efficacy and safety of Eszopiclon and Alprazolam in the treatment of insomnia.We collected the randomized controlled trials (RCTs), evaluated the quality of methods and then analyzed the data using RevMan5.3 software.Results A total of 18 RCTs were included,involving 2088 patients.According to Meta-analysis,Eszopiclon group had a significantly higher total efficacy rate [RR=1.07,95% CI (1.02,1.11),P=0.003],lower severity of adverse reactions [MD=-0.43,95% CI(-0.75,-0.12),P=0.008]and incidence of adverse reactions [RR=0.46,95% CI(0.32, 0.66),P<0.0001]than Alprazolam group.However,the two groups did not significantly differ in sleep quality scores after 4-week teatment [MD=-0.05,95% CI(-0.22,0.12),P=0.54].Conclusion Eszopiclon is more effective on insomnia than Alprazolam,with better safety,and it deserves wide clinical use.

Objective To study the relationship between the oncosis of pancreatic acinar cells and activa-tion of macrophage in rat model of acute pancreatitis (AP). Methods The pancreatic acinar cells were isolated by two-step enzyme digestion, and then they were divided into control group, AP group and test group. Pancreatic acinar cells were cultured with caerulein in AP group, with caerulein and endothelin in test group, and with culture medium in control group. The oncesis rate of the pancreatic acinar cells was detected after acridine orange and ethidium bromide fluorescent staining. The supernatant was collected to detect the release of amylase and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The macrophages were cultured with 1 ml of supematant for 6 hours, and then the protein level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was measured by ELISA. Results Few oncotic pancreatic acinar cells were observed in the control group, and the levels of amylase and LDH secreted by pancreatic acinar cells and TNF-α secreted by macrophage were (1175±165)kU/L, (846±118)U/L and (36±5)μg/L, respectively. Oncotic pancreatic acinar cells were observed in AP group, and the levels of amylase, LDH and TNF-α were (7130±680) kU/L, (4262±626) U/L and (155±18) μg/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in control group (t = 5.184, 4.277, 3.665, P < 0.05). The levels of amylase, LDH and TNF-α were even higher in test group, and they were (9240±1177) kU/L, (6937±893)U/L and (268±35)μg/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in AP group (t = 2.251, 2.825, 2.843, P < 0.05). Conclusions The release of amylase was changed as the oncosis of pancreatic acinar cells occurred. The secretion of TNF-α was along with the degree of oncosis of pancreatic acinar cells. The results of the study indicate that a relationship exists among the inflammatory response of macrophage, the release of contents of pancreatic acinar cells and the oncosis of the pancreatic acinar cells.

Objective To explore the repair possibilities of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs)in peripheral blood in patients with different extents of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) through measuring the levels of pro-angiogenic factors and different subgroups EPCs in peripheral blood in patients with OSA. Methods Ninety adult patients with OSA, 30 healthy controls with matched age and gender were enrolled for this study. The subjects performed Polysomnography, were divided in-to four group based on Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI). The serum levels of HIF-1α, SDF-1αand VEGF were assessed by ELISA. Mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood with density gradient centrifugation, and flow cytometry was used to detect levels of CD133+KDR+EPC, CD133+CD34+EPC, CD34+KDR+EPC and ALDHloCD34+KDR+EPC based on AL-DH activity, and CD133, CD34, PE-KDR related cell surface markers. Results The levels of CD133+KDR+EPC, CD133+CD34+EPC, CD34+KDR+EPC were higher in OSA groups than those of control group, both of which were higher in severe OSA group than those of in mild and moderate OSA groups. The levels of ALDHloCD34+KDR+EPC were higher in mild and moderate OSA groups than that of the control groups, and the levels of ALDHloCD34+KDR+EPC were significantly lower in se-vere OSA group than those of control, mild and moderate OSA groups. Serum levels of HIF-1α. VEGF were significantly high-er in OSA groups compared to those in control groups, both of which were higher in severe OSA group than those of mild and moderate OSA groups. Serum levels of SDF-1αwere significantly lower in severe OSA groups than those of mild, moderate OSA and control groups (P<0.05). Conclusion The mobilization and recruitment of different subtypes of EPCs are obvious-ly increased in patients with OSA, but ALDHloCD34+KDR+EPC with vascular repair capacity keeps to invariability, even de-creases in patients with severe OSA, which results in endothelial damage, and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Surgical nutrition therapy is a novel course for undergraduates who are major in food hygiene and nutrition.In this study,the purpose,content,model and specific teaching approaches of the course were discussed,and the essentials of clinical practice for surgical nutrition therapy were pointed out.We hope that our experience would be helpful for the development of the course.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of ADC in the evaluation of small round cell malignant tumors(SRCMT) of nasal and paranasal sinus.Methods This study included 143 patients with surgically confirmed SRCMT and Non-SRCMT of nasal and paranasal sinus between 2008 and 2015, all patients underwent diffusion weighted MRI at 3.0 T with a b factor of 0 and 1 000 s/mm2.Quantitative analysis of ADC values was performed.Difference in ADC values between SRCMT and Non-SRCMT was evaluated using the independent samples t test.One-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) test was performed to compare the ADC values of SRCMT.Receiver operating curves (ROC) were developed to determine the cutoff points to differentiate SRCMT from Non-SRCMT.Results There were 98 SRCMT, of which 20 lesions were rhabdomyosarcoma(RMS), 19 lesions were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL), 4 lesions were malignant melanoma(MM), 14 lesions were neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC), 12 lesions were Ewing sarcoma or primitive neuroectodermal tumor(EWS or PNET), 11 lesions were extramedullary plasmacytoma(EMP), and 8 lesions were olfactory neuroblastoma(ON).There were 45 Non-SRCMT, of which 28 lesions were squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) and 17 lesions were adenoid cystic carcinoma(ACC).The mean ADC value of SRCMT[(0.66 ± 0.12) × 10-3mm2/s] was significantly different (t=14.97, P＜0.01) from Non-SRCMT [(1.02± 0.16)× 10-3mm2/s].All of 7 kinds of SRCMT were divided into 3 groups according to ADC values: NHL,MM, NEC,EMP;RMS,EWS,PNET;ON.There was statistically significant difference among all 3 groups(F=39.743, P＜0.01), and the differences between any 2 groups were still statistically significant.The area under the ROC of ADC values diagnosing SRCMT was 0.975.Compared with pathological results, an ADC value of 0.82 × 10-3mm2/s was used as the threshold for diagnosing SRCMT with a sensitivity of 97.8％ (44/45),specificity of 89.8％(88/98), and accuracy of 92.3％ (132/143).ADC value had high correlations compared with pathological results (Kappa value was 0.831).Conclusion The ADC value is a non-invasive imaging parameter that can be used to effectively assess SRCMT of nasal and paranasal sinus.

Tolvaptan is a novel oral selective arginine vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist.Tolvaptan improves heart failure signs and symptoms without serious adverse events.Tolvaptan has no effect on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death or admission rate for heart failure.But in heart failure patients with hyponatremia,tolvaptan can decrease cardiovascular death and admission rate for heart failure.