Stem cell therapy provides immense hope for restoring the impaired cardiomyocytes .However, it has been debated on the effectiveness , mechanisms , and survival of the donated cell population in the ischemic myocardial milieu .Protective paracrine effect of stem cells on cardiomyocytes gradually arose great attentions .Exosomes , as typical representative of paracrine effect of stem cells, are 30-100 nm in size and tiny microvesicles released by cells in response to different physiological states , and enriched in pro-teins, messenger RNAs, and miRs characteristic of parental stem cells , represent great potential for treating cardiovascular diseases . Recent studies show that exosomes from different kinds of stem cells can effectively promote cardiac function by means of promoting the donated cell survival , proliferation and angiogenesis in the ischemia heart .The aim of this review is to summarize current research ef-forts on exosomes from different kinds of stem cells , including their potential mechanism to develop a potentially viable therapy for the treatment of impaired cardiomyocytes via promoting cardiomyocytes survival , proliferation and angiogenesis;inhibiting inflammatory re-sponse and cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction .

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of combined detection of serum sTWEAK and cystatin C in early di‐abetic nephropathy (DN) .Methods 35 patients with DN(DN group) ,56 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM ,DM group) and 40 healthy cases conducted physical examination (healthy control group) were selected and serum levels of sTWEAK and cystatin C were detected .And levels of glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) and qualitative urine protein test were conducted in DM group .Re‐sults The serum sTWEAK level in DN group was lower than that in DM group ,and the serum cystatin C level was higher than that in DM group(P<0 .05) .The serum levels of sTWEAK in DM group and DM patients with negative qualitative urine protein were lower than that in healthy control group ,while the serum cystatin C levels were higher than that of control group (P<0 .05) . Compared with DM patients with HbA1C< 10% ,the serum cystatin C level was higher and serum sTWEAK level was lower of those with HbA1c>10% (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The combined detection of serum sTWEAK and cystatin C could be a sensitive index for early diagnosis of DN ,with important significance in the occurrence and development of DN .

Objective To investigate the change of matrix metalloproteinase 3(MMP-3), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP 1) in arterial plasma and their effects on post-stenting restenosis in the patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS). Methods MMP-3, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in arterial plasma were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 132 patients with ACS. The 132 patients were divided into two groups: restenosis group (n = 21) and non-restenosis group (n = 111), while 50 persons were as a normal control group. Results The levels of MMP-3[(15.99±4.30) vs. (4.86±2.98) ng/L, P=0.022] and MMP-9 [( 1.41±3.06) vs. (3.79±1.46) ng/L, P=0.041] in arterial plasma were higher in ACS group than in the control group. And the level of TIMP-1 tended to increase. The levels of MMP-3 and MMP-9 in arterial plasma were higher after stenting than before stenting. It reached a peak in the first 48 hours, and was still significantly increased in one week. The level of TIMP-1 was similar, but it reached the peak slowly. Before stenting, the level of MMP-9 was higher in restenosis group than in non-restenosis group [( 17.94±6.44) vs. (9.93±2.19) ng/L, P =0.003], but there were no differences between the two groups in the levels of TIMP-1 and MMP-3. During follow-up, the levels of MMP-3[(21.66±2.72) vs. (14.27±1.28) ng/L, P=0.033] and MMP-9[(22.81±5.31) vs. (12.10±2.76) ng/L, P = 0.039] were higher in the restenosis group than in the non restenosis group, but there was no difference between the two groups in the level of TIMP-1. Conclusions The increase of MMP-3 and MMP-9 in arterial plasma may contribute to the pathophysiological progress after stenting in patients with ACS, which may be a prediction for restenosis.

Objective To screen melanocortin 4 receptor (Mc4R) gene mutation by direct DNA sequencing in order to explore the mutation situation of Mc4R gene in simple obese children in Nanjing.Methods One hundred and five simple obese children(obesity group) and 127 healthy children(healthy control group) were examined for mutations of Mc4R gene.Body mass index(BMI)cutoff points for overweight and obesity adopted Chinese children and adolescents,recommended by China Working Group of Obesity,and all children had no other hereditary and metabolic abnormality.Touch-down PCR was performed to amplify the full length Mc4R gene,then direct DNA sequencing was used to analyze the Mc4R gene.The differences of biochemical index levels between obesity group and healthy control group were analyzed ,including alanine transaminase,aspartate transaminas,total protein,albumin,globulin,albumin/globulin,triglyceride,cholesterol,high density lipoprotein,cortisol,insulin and C peptide.Results There were significant differences of biochemical index levels between obesity group and healthy control group,including triglyceride,insulin level after dining 2 h,C peptide and BMI(Pa

Objective To establish the quality standard for Yanyan syrup. Methods Thin layer chromatography ( TLC) was used for the qualitative identification of Puerariae Lobatae Radix and Scrophulariae Radix. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the content of puerarin on Diamonsil C18(200 mm×4.6 mm,5μm) column with mobile phase consisting of methanol-0.5% acetic acid (25:75) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1.The detection wavelength was set at 250 nm. Results TLC spots were clear and well-separated without negative interference.The linear range of puerarin was 3-120μg?mL-1( r=0.999 7) with an average recovery of 97.44% ( RSD=2.07%,n=6) . Conclusion The method for quality and quantity of Yanyan syrup is simple, specific, accurate and reliable.It can be used for the quality control of Yanyan syrup.

Objective: To establish the quality standard for Shangtongning capsules. Methods: Microscopic identification was used for the qualitative identification of Bombyx batryticatus, Scorpio, Eupolyphaga steleophada, Pheretima, Notoginseng radix et rhizo-ma and Gastrodiae rhizoma. A TLC method was used for the qualitative identification of Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Angelicae Sinensis Ra-dix, Notoginseng Radix ET Rhizoma, Dipsaci Radix and Glycyrrhizae Radix ET Rhizoma. HPLC was used to determine the content of liquiriti. The determination was performed on an Agilent TC C18 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5μm) column with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-water(15:85)at the flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min-1. The detection wavelength was set at 276 nm. Results: The features of the microscopic identification were significantly visible. The TLC spots were clear and well-separated without any negative interference. The linear range of liquiriti was 0. 341-1. 193 μg (r=0. 999 9)with the average recovery of 98. 97%(RSD=0. 77%, n=6). Con-clusion:The method is simple, accurate and reproducible, which is effective in controlling the quality of Shangtongning capsules and provides the basis for improving the quality standard for Shangtongning capsules.

BACKGROUND: Patients with acute stroke mostly receive treatment in the integrative hospital, but quite a large part of them were treated only with medication during the earlier stage.OBJECTIVE: To probe the influence of earlier integrative rehabilitations on emotions and daily life capability of patients with acute stroke with the outcomes compared with those unexposed to rehabilitative treatment.DESIGN: Randomized controlled study.SETTING: Neurological Department of a municipal Hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Eighty patients who received treatment due to the first onset of acute stroke of internal carotid system were selected from the Neurological Department of the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Jiangshu Province between January 2002 and August 2003. Totally 51 males and 29 females aged (63.42±7.47) years were randomly divided into rehabilitation control group with 40 cases each.METHODS: Patients of the two groups received routine neurological medication in the hospital. When stroke was controlled, patients in the rehabilitative group (including patients with cerebral infarction who were hospitalized for less than 1 week and patients with cerebral hemorrhage who were hospitalized for less than 2 weeks) were subjected to rehabilitative treatment, including rehabilitative training of insulted limbs (physical treatment and/or exercise therapy), physical therapy, acupuncture and psychological consultation. Rehabilitative treatment was given 1-2 times a day and 45 minutes for each time. Physical therapy and acupuncture were given once a day and 20 minutes for each time. In contrast, patients in the control group were only asked in the doctor's round to do exercise themselves or with the assistance of others. Psychological states of all the patients were assessed with Symptom Self Rating Scale before treatment and discharge and daily life capability was also assessed with Barthel index (totally 10 items with scores of 0-15, full mark was 100, and patients who scored for ＜ 60were considered of self-incapability).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Scores for symptom checklist (SCL)and Barthel index of the two groups before treatment and when patients were discharged.Scores for each symptom factors in SCL were significantly improved in the rehabilitation group when patients were discharged from the hospital (P ＜ 0.05-0.01), and somatization, obsessive-compulsive, depression, anxiety and psychoticism, etc. were also obviously improved in the control group (P ＜ 0.05); moreover scores for somatization, obsessive-compulsive,depression, anxiety phobic anxiety and psychoticism in the rehabilitation group after treatment were significantly lower than those in the control group [(1.55±0.43), (1.80±0.35); (1.48±0.39), (1.68±0.55); (1.54±0.43),(1.83±0.37); (1.32±0.39), (1.56±0.36); (1.46±0.43), (1.66±0.52); (1.12±0.38),creased aftertreatment (P ＜ 0.05-0.01), but those of the rehabilitation group were significantly higher than those of the control group [(73.24±4.64),(52.44±2.86), P ＜ 0.05].CONCLUSION:Scores for symptomatic factors in SCL and Barthel indexes were improved after treatment, especially in patients who received rehabilitative treatment, suggesting that earlier integrative rehabilitative treatment may play active influence on the emotions and daily life capability of patients following acute stroke.

ObjectiveTo study the value of plasma corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and the fetal fibronectin (fFN) in vaginal secretions and cervical length in predicting preterm labor.MethodsThe plasma CRH levels and fFN levels in vaginal secretions from 24 -37 weeks pregnant woman checked up in our hospital from Dec.2009 to Dec.2010 were detected by ELLISA method.The changes of these three indexes were observed with the pregnant time and were analyzed according to different pregnancy outcomes.Results Among the 112 cases of pregnant women,premature delivery in 54 cases,full-term birth 58 cases.At the 24 week of pregnancy,there were significant difference on the cervical length( [2.8 ±0.4]cm vs [3.3 ±0.5]cm,t =3.254,P =0.021 ) between premature delivery group and full-term birth group.At the 28 - 30 week,31 -32 week,33 - 34 week,35 - 36 week,the CRH were ( 162.33 ± 16.49 ) ng/L,(60.01:±: 14.56) ng/L;(352.12 ±61.01 )ng/L,( 118.04 ±53.74)ng/L; (364.55 ±56.71 )ng/L,( 122.95 ±71.41 )ng/L; (372.78 ±149.89)ng/L,(124.00 ± 19.05 )ng/L respectively in premature delivery group and full-term birth group,and there were significant differences on CRH at the four different pregnant time(t =3.687,6.875,8.652,8.524,respectively,P ＜ 0.05 ).It shows better sensitivity ( 97.92％ ),specificity ( 90.00％ ),positive predictive value(95.92％ ) and negative predictive value(94.73％ ) in predicting premature delivery by detection of CRH,fFN combined with cervical length.ConclusionDetection of plasma CRH,fFN combined with cervix length measurement can improve the predictability of premature and provide a good,reliable clinical basis for the early diagnosis and treatment for preterm premature.

Objective: To establish the quality standard for compound Heishen pills. Methods: Scrophulariae Radix, Radix et Rhizoma and Belamcancae Rhizoma were identified by TLC. HPLC was used to determine the content of harpagoside and cinnamic acid in Scrophulariae Radix on a Welchrom-C18 column using methanol-acetonitrile-1% ethylic acid (8∶21∶71) as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 . The column temperature was at 30℃ and the detection wavelength was set at 278 nm. Results:The TLC method had good specificity without interference from negative control. The linear range of harpagoside was 1. 32-65. 80μg·ml-1 with the average recovery of 98. 06%(RSD=2. 16%),and that of cinnamic acid was 0. 38-19. 20 μg·ml-1 with the average recovery of 98. 78%(RSD=1. 34%). RSDs of precision, stability and reproductibility tests were all below 2%. Conclusion: The established method is accurate, feasible and reproducible. It can be used in the quality control of compound Heishen pills.