Objective To investigate the effect of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase(PAF-AH) on(severe) acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods Forty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups(n=15 in each group),including group A(sham operation group),group B(SAP group) and group C(PAF-AH treated group).PAF-AH(5mg/kg) was infused through the dorsal artery of penis after 1 hour and 24 hours of establishing the model in group C.Forty-eight hours after animal models were established,the levels of maleic dialdehyde(MDA),thromboxane B2(TXB_2),prostaglandin I2(PGI_2),TXB_2/PGI_2,(platelet)-activating factor(PAF),endotoxin,tumor necrosis factor(TNF-?) in serum,and the activity of(myeloperoxidase)(MPO) in lung tissue were examined in each group.The pancreas was scored on the basis of pathological changes.Results Compared with group B,the levels of MDA,TXB_2,TXB_2/PGI_2,PAF,(endotoxin),TNF-? in serum,and MPO activity in lung tissue and the pathological scores of pancreas were(significantly) lower in group C(P0.05).Conclusions PAF plays a critical role during the course of SAP.(Administration) of PAF-AH can hydrolyze PAF,improve pancreatic microcirculatory dysfunction,suppress(systemic) inflammatory reaction,relieve pancreatitis-associated intestinal tract injury and lung injury and(markedly) ameliorate the state of SAP.

To observe the transcriptional regulation of the two isoflavones genistein and daidzein on target genes.

Objective:To investigate the principle and measures of prevention and treatment on pancreatic fistula due to pancreatic injury.Method:The clinical data of 131 pancreatic injury patients were analyzed retrospectively.Operation and combined therapy during perioperative were performed.Results:Among 35 cases(26.7%,35/131) with pancreatic fistula,3 cases shaped internal fistula showed by visualization and cured spontaneously after operations,9 cases with pancreatic pseudocyst after operations were treated by Roux-en-Y pancreatic cystojejunostomy,2 cases(5.7%,2/35) died of MODS and abdominal infections.The rest were recovered.The follow-up from 3 months to 5 years showed that there were no cases died of complications related to pancreatic fistula.Conclusions:Operation combined with multiple therapies was effective in the prevention and treatment of pancreatic fistula.

Objective To investigate the clinical application of pancreatic head resection with the second portion duodenectomy (PHRSPD). MethodsThe clinical data of 4 PHRSPD cases were analyzed retrospectively. ResultsThere were 3 benign and 1 low-grade malignant periampullary tumors. The mean surgical time was 417 min, mean blood transfusion was 533 ml, mean hospital stay was 28.6 days. Delayed gastric emptying was encounted in one case. There was no hospital morality or major surgical complications. All cases were alive in the follow-up ranging from 6 to 36 months. There was no newly developed diabetes mellitus or severe gastroenteral symptoms. No reccurrence was found in the case with low-grade malignant duodenal tumor after 26 months. ConclusionsPHRSPD is an efficient way to treat benign and low-grade periampullary neoplasm and accompanying massive bleeding episodes.

OBJECTIVE:To compare pharmacoeconomic and effect of Xueshuantong for injection and Ginkgo leaf extract and dipyridamole injection in the treatment of ischemic stroke. METHODS:Retrospective study was conducted. Totally 404 inpatients with ischemic stroke were divided into Xueshuantong group(271 cases)and ginkgo leaf extract and dipyridamole group(133 cas-es) according to clinical treatment programs. Based on the conventional treatment,patients in 2 groups were given Xueshuantong for injection and ginkgo leaf extract and dipyridamole injection,respectively. The average treatment course was 10 d. Cost-minimi-zation analysis was performed with the determination index of total effective rate. RESULTS:The total effective rates in Xueshuan-tong group and ginkgo leaf extract and dipyridamole group were 90.77% and 88.72%,respectively,the difference was not statisti-cally significant(P>0.05). The costs in 2 groups were 12 860.21 yuan and 13 155.40 yuan,respectively,and xueshuantong group had lower than ginkgo leaf extract and dipyridamde group. CONCLUSIONS:Both Xueshuantong for injection and Ginkgo leaf ex-tract and dipyridamole injection are effective in the treatment of ischemic stroke. However,the economy of Xueshuantong for injec-tion is superior to the other one.

Objective To analyze the clinical factors predicting long-term survival after curative resection of pancreatic head carcinoma. Methods The clinical data of 58 patients with ductal adenocarcinoma of pancreatic head who underwent curative resection of carcinoma of pancreatic head from 1996 to 2004 were collected and were analyzed by SPSS 10.0 with Cox Proportional Hazards Model. Results 58 patients, including 30 male and 28 female patients, were involved in this study. Pancreaticoduodenectomy were performed in 14 cases and extended resections were performed in 44 cases. The overall 1, 3, 5 year survival rates was 46.6%, 29.3% and 8.6%, respeclively. The 1,3, 5 year survival rates of pancreatoduodenectomy with extended regional lymphadenectomy was 43.1%, 22.7% and 6.8%, respectively. UICC staging, peri-pancreatic nerve invasion and blood infusion had significant effects on the prognosis after curative resection. Conclusions The long-term prognosis after curative resection of pancreatoduodenectomy was still dismal. Much importance should be paid to early diagnosis and comprehensive management for pancreatic head cancer.

Objective To review the occurrence and relevant factors of adverse drug reactions (ADR) of Xueshuantong Injection. Methods Articles and documents in CNKI, VIP, and CBM were searched in June 2014 according to incorporation and exclusion standard. The dose, indication, medicating path and method, solvent, as well as the duration of treatment course and adverse reaction of Xueshuantong Injection were analyzed. The national information system for monitoring ADR was searched to collect adverse reaction cases of Xueshuantong Injection (2004.9-2014.9) reported in Lanzhou region. Cases were analyzed and under analogy with literature results. Results Totally 66 articles involving 4686 patients were included (except for patients of control group). Adverse reactions occurred in 767 patients, including skin damage (402 cases), systemic damage (221 cases), gastrointestinal system damage (75 cases). All of these were relieved after treatment. There were 11 adverse reaction cases of Xueshuantong Injection from Lanzhou region reported in the national information system for monitoring ADR. Conclusion There is a high incidence of adverse reactions in the clinical application of Xueshuantong Injection and ratio of serious adverse events report.

Keshan disease was an endemic cardiomyopathy in China. The very low selenium intake of local people was considered to be an important causal factor. The main pathological characteristics of this disease was multifo-cal necrosis and fibrous replacement of myocardium that was scattered throughout the wall of all chambers.Two patterns of myocardial necrosis, myofibrillar pattern and mitochondrial pattern were distinguished in electron microscopy. The myofibrillar pattern was characterized by myofibril segmentation. It agreed well with the contraction band necrosis described in light microscopy. It was mainly seen in acute Keshan heart and might be related to circulatory disorders. Mitochondrial pattern was identical with myocytolysis of conventional pathology. It represented the typical lesion of Keshan disease.Mitochondria showed early and conspicuous changes in involved myo-cytes. Myofibrillar damage seemed to be secondary to the mitochondrial injury in the development of myocytolysis.Histochemical studies revealed that the acid phosphatase activity was obviously increased in muscle fibers surrounding the necrotic foci, and the succinic dehydrogenase activity was greatly reduced in damaged myocardio-cytes.

During the dilute acid pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials such as corn stover, hemicellulose is hydrolyzed into monosaccharides, and meanwhile, toxic by-products are simultaneously generated, which may influence ethanol fermentation thereafter. Studies on the inhibitory effects of the by-products on ethanol fermentation are of practical use for further improvement of ethanol yield from lignocellulosic materials. Five by-products, including acetic acid, formic acid, vanillin, furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, were identified to be the main components in the hydrolysate of dilute acid pretreatment of local corn stover, which were added into the medium at different concentrations to study their impacts on the growth and ethanol fermentation of a recombinant xylose-utilizing yeast strain, S. cerevisiae 6508-127. The ethanol production was inhibited by formic acid and acetic acid to a lesser extent than that to the growth, and formic acid was shown to be much more toxic than acetic acid, showing severe inhibitory effects at the concentration of 1g/L, half of the concentration for acetic acid which showed remarkably negative effects on ethanol fermentation. Vanillin caused a much longer lag-phase in growth when the concentration was 2g/L, and the lag-phase was not obvious at lower concentrations. At the concentration of 6g/L, vanillin completely inhibited the fermentation as well as the cell growth. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural was showed to remarkably inhibit ethanol production, but the biomass yield was higher by exogenous addition of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural than control. Furfural at 0.5~1.5g/L inhibited the cell growth, but the ethanol yield was higher than that of the control experiment. It was also found that vanillin, furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural could be assimilated and metabolized by S. cerevisiae 6508-127 under the experimental conditions.

Atrophy ; Disability Evaluation ; Humans ; Kidney