Drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii ( Ab) in surgical ICU from January 2008 to December 2009 was investigated retrospectively. Total 114 clinical strains of Ab were isolated from surgical ICU and 92 strains were from respiratory tract (80.7% ). The prevalence rate of multiresistant Ab in 2009 was higher than that in 2008 (75. 7% vs 50. 0% , x2 = 7. 703, P = 0. 006). The results indicate that to monitor and control drug resistant of Ab constantly is important for the prevention of nosocomial infection.

Objective To explore the correlation of minimal residual disease ( MRD) and ABC genes expression in acute myeloid leukemia ( AML) .Methods 52 de novo AML bone marrow samples were used to detect the expres-sion of ABCB1,ABCC1,ABCC4 andABCG2 by real-time PCR at diagnosis.Meanwhile, followed up these patients to monitor MRD with MFC at the points of finishing the first induction cause as well as the third ,the sixth and the ninth month after chemotherapy .Results The expression level of 4 ABC transporters among three MRD level de-tected after induction cause are correlated significantly with ABCB1(P<0.01), ABCC1(P<0.01), ABCC4(P<0.01) and ABCG2(P<0.01).Further more, after nine months follow-up, the patients whose MRD turned into positive again were detected a high ABC transports expression level , comparing with those MRD remained negative for nine months,which was of a statistically significance for ABCB1(P<0.05), ABCC1(P<0.05), ABCC4(P<0.01) and ABCG2(P<0.01).Conclusions A positive correlation of MRD and ABC transporters level in AML is found.

Objective To investigate current status of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)and community-associated infection(CAI)of different levels of hospitals in Xinjiang.Methods Infection,antimicrobial use and pathogen detection in patients in second-class and above hospitals in Xinjiang on March 20,2014 were performed cross-sectional survey by bedside visiting and medical record reviewing methods.Results A total of 66 208 patients in 132 hospitals were investigated,HAI prevalence rate and case prevalence rate was 1.83% and 2.02% respectively;CAI prevalence rate and case prevalence rate was 24.53% and 24.83% respectively.HAI prevalence rate in third-class hospitals was higher than second-class hospitals (2.58% vs 1.44%,P <0.001),while CAI prevalence rate was lower than second-class hospitals (17.84% vs 28.01%,P<0.001).HAI prevalence rate was highest in intensive care unit (14.91%),CAI was highest in pediatric department. The common infection sites were respiratory tract,surgical site and urinary tract.Antimicrobial usage rate was 31.27%, antimicrobial usage rate in second-class hospitals was higher than that of the third-class hospitals([35.95%,n=15 642]vs [22.32%,n=5 064],χ2 =1 288.974,P <0.001),pathogen detection rate in third-class hospitals was higher than that of the second-class hospitals([59.40%,n=2 224]vs [53.59%,n=6 436],χ2 =38.964,P <0.001 )Gram-negative bacilli were main isolated pathogens,the top 3 pathogens were Escherichia coli ,Klebsiella pneumoniae ,and Acinetobacter bau-mannii .Conclusion The cross-sectional survey can reflect infection status of different levels of hospitals,surveillance of targeted microbial detection and rational antimicrobial use should be strengthened,management of infection in high risk population and key sites should be paid close attention.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of alcohol extracts from Pharbitidis Semen on the proliferation and metastasis of Lewis lung cancer, and study its anti-tumor mechanism.

METHODIn vitro, MTT assay and scratch assay were adopted to detect the effect of alcohol extracts from Pharbitidis Semen on the proliferation and metastasis of Lewis lung cancer cells. The cell autophagy was detected by the acridine orange staining. The gap-junction intercellular communication (GJIC) was investigated by the fluorescent yellow transfer. The expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) was analyzed by the Western blotting. In vivo, the subcutaneous implant model and the experimental pulmonary metastasis model of Lewis lung cancer in mice were established to evaluate the anti-tumor and anti-metastasis effects of alcohol extract from Pharbitidis Semen. The serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and beta2 microglobulin (beta2-MG) of mice bearing Lewis lung cancer were detected by the electrochemiluminesence immunoassay. The expressions of lung AQP1 and Connexin 43 (Cx43) were examined by the immunohistochemical method.

RESULTIn vitro, alcohol extracts from Pharbitidis Semen inhibited the cell proliferation in a dose-dependent matter, significantly prevented the cell migration, down-regulated AQP1 proteins of cells, promoted GJIC, and decreased the serum-free autophagy of tumor cells. In vivo, compared with untreated model mice, alcohol extracts from Pharbitidis Semen inhibited the tumor growth in a dose-dependent matter, prevented the tumor metastasis and prolonged the life span of mice bearing Lewis lung cancer, while decreasing serum CEA and beta2-MG of mice bearing Lewis lung cancer, enhancing the immumohistochemical staining intensity of Cx43 and weakening aquaporins AQP1 positive intensity.

CONCLUSIONAlcohol extracts from Pharbitidis Semen could prevent the proliferation and metastasis in Lewis lung cancer cells. Its mechanism may be related to the promotion of GJIC and the down-regulation of AQP1.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Aquaporin 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Lewis Lung ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Connexin 43 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Ipomoea ; chemistry ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Seeds ; chemistry

Objective To compare 1HMRS and DTI findings of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients and normal elderly controls. Methods Fifteen mild AD patients, 20 moderate to severe AD patients and 20 aging controlled normal subjects (CN) were recruited. MRS imaging and DTI were performed on a 1.5 T MRI scanner. A ROI was positioned in the posterior part of the cingulate. MRS data were processed and the metabolite ratios were estimated, including the ratios of NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, mI/Cr. Comparing with the axial MRS location, we chose the same level to posit the ROIs on both sides of the posterior cingulated fibers on fractional anisotropy map (FA) and mean diffusivity map (MD). Mean spectroscopy data and DTI values for each groups were analysed with Mann-Whitney U non parametric test. Correlations between MRS and DTI values for AD groups were estimated using partial correlations test controlling for the age related bias. Results Compared to normal aging groups, mild AD group showed a significantly lower FA value in the left side of posterior cingulum bundle (0. 549±0. 056 vs 0. 517±0. 058,Z =2. 014,P <0. 05). Whereas, moderate to severe group versus mild AD group revealed significantly elevated MI) value and a decrease in FA value in the right side of posterior cingulate ( FA 0. 517 ± 0. 059 vs 0. 432 ± 0. 073, Z = 3. 216, P < 0. 01 ; MD (0.726±0.041) × 10-3 mm2/s vs (0.761±0.057) × 10-3 mm2/s,Z = 1.970,P <0.05) . Obvious increasing mI/Cr ratio was found in mild AD group ( 0. 61 ± 0. 07 vs 0. 68 ± 0. 12, Z = 2. 911, P < 0. 01 ). NAA/Cr ratio showed gradually decrease in AD groups. Partial correlations analysis revealed a positive correlation between ml/Cr ratio and left posterior cingulated FA value in mild AD group ( r = 0. 586, P < 0. 05) and negative correlation between NAA/Cr and MD value in the right side of posterior cingulated region ( r = - 0. 505, P < 0. 05 ). Conclusions These findings suggested that there were different regional and temporal pattern in different course of AD disease, resulting from axonal loss or gliosis. Combining MRS with DTI alternations could be a better potential indicator and could better explain the pathological changes in AD progression.

To research the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of glycinamide-bearing compounds that used as inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), P32/98 and compound A were chosen as the leading compounds, heterocycles containing nitrogen atom were introduced to form amide, and different residues on a-position of carbonyl were designed. The nineteen designed compounds were synthesized by a simple route and were evaluated as inhibitors of DPP-IV. All of the structures were characterized by 1H NMR and HRMS. The preliminary SAR result was obtained.

Objective To evaluate the correlation between cerebral blood volume and permeability surface by using muhislice CT perfusion imaging with glioma grade.Methods Ninteen patients with gliomas underwent conventional MR and multislice CT perfusion imaging preoperatively.These patients were divided into low grade and high grade groups which were correspond to WHO Ⅱ grade gliomas and WHO Ⅲ or Ⅳ grade gliomas respectively.CT data were transferred to on-line working station and processed to obtain time-signal curves,color perfusion maps and calculated perfusion parameters,including cerebral blood volume(CBV),cerebral blood flow(CBF),mean transit time(MTT)and permeability surfaces (PS)in tumoral parenchyma.Kruskal-Wallis test and correlation of CBV and PS was assessed by using SPSS 11.0 software.Results The median of CBV and PS in low-grade and high-grade glioma were 2.7, 6.5 ml/100 g;0.389,12.810 ml?100 g~(-1)?min~(-1),respectively,corresponding t value were 12.907, 13.500 with P

Objective To investigate the infection status of Mycoplasma pirum among male HIV/AIDS patients in Jiangsu and analyze the risk factors.The genome sequencing of Mycoplasma pirum was completed for the first time.Methods Male HIV infected individuals and AIDS patients confirmed in Jiangsu province were enrolled for 4 repeated cross-sectional studies by means of detecting the first flow urine sample and venous blood sample collected and questionnaire survey after informed consent.Genome sequencing was conducted for Mycoplasma pirum by using Illumina Hiseq 2000 sequencing platform.Results A total of 1 541 HIV/AIDS patients were surveyed in this study.The infection rates of Mycoplasma pirurm was 15.4％.The patients who received no HAART had higher risk to be infected with Mycoplasma pirum (OR=1.344,95％CI:1.008-1.792).Otherwise,high CD4+T counts was a protective factor for Mycoplasma pirum infection (OR=0.600,95％CI:0.444-0.810).Based on the sequencing result,the genome size of Mycoplasma pirum was 850 704 bp,the GC content was 24.21％ the genome contained 708 genes,the total length of genes was 734 085 bp,the average length was 1 037 bp,accounting for 86.29％ of genome.Conclusion More attention should be paid to the high infection rate of Mycoplasma pirum among male HIV/AIDS patients in the future AIDS prevention and control.The first genome sequencing of standard Mycoplasma pirum strain was completed in this study (registering Serial number:AZHZ00000001),which can provide evidence for the further research of gene function and pathogenic mechanism of Mycoplasma pirum.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the perfusion CT features and the clinicopathologically determined prognostic factors in advanced gastric cancer cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A perfusion CT was performed on 31 patients with gastric cancer one week before surgery using a 16-channel multi-detector CT (MDCT) instrument. The data were analyzed with commercially available software to calculate tumor blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT), and permeability surface (PS). The microvessel density (MVD), was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of the surgical specimens with anti-CD34. All of the findings were analyzed prospectively and correlated with the clinicopathological findings, which included histological grading, presence of lymph node metastasis, serosal involvement, distant metastasis, tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging, and MVD. The statistical analyses used included the Student's t-test and the Spearman rank correlation were performed in SPSS 11.5. RESULTS: The mean perfusion values and MVD for tumors were as follows: BF (48.14+/-16.46 ml/100 g/min), BV (6.70+/-2.95 ml/100 g), MTT (11.75+/-4.02 s), PS (14.17+/-5.23 ml/100 g/min) and MVD (41.7+/-11.53). Moreover, a significant difference in the PS values was found between patients with or without lymphatic involvement (p = 0.038), as well as with different histological grades (p = 0.04) and TNM stagings (p = 0.026). However, BF, BV, MTT, and MVD of gastric cancer revealed no significant relationship with the clinicopathological findings described above (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The perfusion CT values of the permeable surface could serve as a useful prognostic indicator in patients with advanced gastric cancer.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Microcirculation ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Regional Blood Flow ; Stomach Neoplasms/*blood supply/pathology/*radiography ; *Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVEThis study was designed to investigate the effects of different oxygen inhalation modes on retinal vessels development in neonatal mice in order to provide experimental data for proper oxygen therapy for premature infants.

METHODSA total of 144 postnatal day (P) 7 C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned into 6 groups according to different oxygen inhalation modes (n=24). Experimental group 1 was exposed to 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% and 75% oxygen in turn for one day respectively, followed by room air exposure for 5 days. Experimental group 2 was exposed to 75%, 60%, 50%, 40% and 30% oxygen in turn for one day respectively, followed by room air exposure for 5 days. Experimental group 3 was exposed to 75% oxygen for 5 days, followed by room air exposure for 5 days. Experimental group 4 was exposed to 75% oxygen for 5 days, 50% oxygen for 2 days and 30% oxygen for 2 days, then room air exposure for 6 days. The supplemental 75% oxygen and room air recovering was performed alternately for the mice in Experimental group 5 for 3 times and then room air exposure for 5 days. The Control group was exposed to room air for consecutive 10 days. The retinal vascular development and proliferation were evaluated by the retinal flat-mounts (ADPase stained retina) and cross-section.

RESULTSThe peripheral vascular pattern was clear, and a few avascular areas were seen in the Control group at P12. At P14 the avascular area disappeared. At P17, the entire vascular pattern became completely normal. In the Experimental groups 1, 3 and 5, the central vessels became tortuous and constricted and the central avascular area increased at P12. At P14, neovascularization was seen peaking at P17 in the Experimental groups 1, 3 and 5. In the Experimental group 4, the central avascular area increased and neovascularization was seen at P14, but the central avascular area was reduced and abnormal neovascularization disappeared, with slight constriction of the deep vessels, at P17. Five days later the vascular pattern became almost normal in the Experimental group 4. The retinal vascular form of the Experimental group 2 was similar to that of the Control group. The average number of neovascular nuclei extending into the vitreous per cross-section in the Experimental groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 and the Control group was 49.50 +/- 1.36, 5.17 +/- 0.67, 47.68 +/- 4.70, 5.74 +/- 2.37, 29.15 +/- 2.48, and 1.22 +/- 0.20 respectively. There were significant differences between the Experimental groups 1, 3, 5 and the Control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe effects of different oxygen inhalation modes on the retinal vessels development in neonatal mice were different. The obvious fluctuation of inhaled oxygen concentration and abrupt stop of supplemental oxygen after high levels of supplemental oxygen may severely affect the development of retina vascular, leading to the pathologic changes similar to retinopathy of prematurity.

Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; methods ; Retina ; growth & development ; Retinal Neovascularization ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; etiology