Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL-1) protein is one of the key antiapoptotic protein members of the B-cell lymphoma-2 protein family. Overexpression of MCL-1 is closely related to not only tumor progression but also resistance to targeted therapy and traditional chemotherapeutic drug. MCL-1 and its inhibitors have been studied in recent years. The mimetics of MCL-1 endogenous ligand BH3 have resulted in significant breakthroughs. In this study, the research progress on MCL-1 and its inhibitors in hematological malignan-cies is reviewed.

With the characteristics of complicated etiologic factors,multiple complications and high mortality,severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) has been treated by all kinds of clinical management.Management of SAP is a hot topic in recent decades.Researches on the pathophysiology of SAP have advanced dramatically during the past 20 years.As the number of randomized controlled studies of SAP has steadily increased,mainly in the United States and Europe,evidence based management was demanded for the management of SAP.The main improvement of the treatment results was achieved following internationally accepted recommendations; however,some aspects of the management are different and need to be discussed.There has been no consensus regarding the treatment of SAP.Failure to provide definitive treatment may potentially put a patient at risk of a fatal episode of SAP.The aims of this study,therefore,were to survey the currently adopted practice of the management of SAP,to evaluate the impact of various subspecialty interests on the practice adopted,and to suggest pathways towards a better implementation of the guidelines and other evidence-based management approaches.

Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common acute abdominal disease requiring acute hospitalization worldwide.As severe acute pancreatitis associated with mortality up to 30％,rational diagnosis and management requires up-to-date evidence-based treatment guidelines.The Guidelines for the surgical management of acute pancreatitis composed by the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) was published in 2002,since then there have been substantial improvements in the management of acute pancreatitis.The collaboration of the IAP and the American Pancreatic Association (APA) was undertaken to revise these guidelines using an evidence-based approach in 2013 and published their new guidelines 2013 IAP/APA evidence-based guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis few months ago.This paper presented the understandings of this new guidelines and compared with related guidelines abroad.

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the effects and the molecular mechanism of JNJ-7706621 on cell cycle and apoptosis of breast cancer cell lines. Methods:Breast cancer cell lines T47D and MDA-MB-231 were cultured in vitro and treated with JNJ-7706621 at varying concentrations. MTT assay was used to measure cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was applied to analyze the distribution of cell cycle and apoptotic rates. Western blot was performed to analyze the expression of cyclin B1-CDK, the phosphoryla-tion levels of CDK1Thr161 and CDK1Tyr15, as well as the expression of p53, Bcl-2, caspase3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Results:JNJ-7706621 inhibited the proliferation of the T47D and MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry showed that the T47D and the MDA-MB-231 cells in the G2/M-phase significantly increased after treatment at varying concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4μM) of JNJ-7706621:the G2/M-phase rates at the corresponding concentrations were (12.66±1.55)%, (20.63± 1.32)%, (23.20±1.82)%, and (32.19±2.37)%, respectively, for the T47D cells (P<0.05), and the G2/M-phase rates were (16.22±1.48)%, (21.45±0.85)%, (25.25±1.26)%, and (31.08±1.16)%, respectively, for the MDA-MB-231 cells (P<0.05). The rates of apoptotic cells were also significantly increased (P<0.05). Western blot results indicated that JNJ-7706621 exerted a slight effect on the expression of CDK1 and p53 and that the phosphorylation level of CDK1 decreased at the Thr161 site but increased at the Tyr15 site. In addition, cleaved caspase3 and PARP increased, whereas Bcl-2 and cyclinB1 decreased significantly. Conclusion:JNJ-7706621 can significantly inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cell lines T47D and MDA-MB-231 by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, which may be associated with the downregulation of the CDK1 phosphorylation at the Thr161 site.

Objective To investigate the relationship of MTP gene variation with type 2 diabetic angiopathy. Methods PCR and restriction-fragment-length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) analysis and gene sequencing were used to investigate the influence of a common MTP gene polymorphism in promoter region on diabetic macroangiopathy. Results (1) A single nucleotide mutation of G→T was detected at 493 bp of upstream from the transcriptional start point.There was a significant difference in genotype frequency(χ2=9.162,P=0.01) and T allele frequency(χ2=10.322,P=0.001) between macroangiopathy group and non-macroangiopathy group.(2) MTP-493 TT group had the significantly higher serum levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C and lower HDL-C than other genotype groups.(3) Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that T allele, age, disease duration, diastolic blood pressure and total cholesterol were independent risk factors against type 2 diabetic macroangiopathy.The HDL-C level was negatively related with diabetic macroangiopathy. Conclusions MTP-493 TT genotype may be deeply involved in production of atherogenic dyslipidemia and associated with development of macroangiopathy in type 2 diabetic subjects.

0.05).Conclusions This study shows that in severe acute biliary pancreatitis patiens with biliary tract obstruction, emergency endoscopic therapy should be performed within 48 hours from the onset of symptoms; patients with mild acute biliary pancreatitis shoud also undergo prompt endoscopic therapy after ineffective conservative management or appearance of symptoms of acute biliary tract infection.

Pancreatic cancer is regarded as high malignant neoplasm and surgical resection is considered as the only efficient therapeutic method.Radical surgery includes not only removing the whole carcinoma,but also resecting lymph nodes efficiently.There exist controversies whether extended lymphadenectomy can improve the overall survival of patients currently.We have analyzed and reflected on the controversies on the basis of overseas and domestic research status and our experience.

The pancreas located behind the peritoneum is a parenchymatous organ with a deep anatomical position and the surgical procedure for pancreatic diseases is complicated.And the pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is the most challenging operation in the field of pancreatic surgery even the abdominal surgery due to its large extent of resection and complexity of digestive tract reconstruction.Surgeons should select the most reasonable reconstruction methods on the basis of specific operative situation and surgical proficiency in order to ensure the quality of PD as well as prevent the postoperative complications.

Carbon monoxide(CO)has a significant anti-inflammatory action.Carbon monoxide releasing molecule(CORM),as a new donor of CO,is used widely in biological study.The article reviewed the antiinflammatory action of CO and the progress of CORM.

Pancreatic cancer is a common disease with a poor prognosis. Despite recent advance in the field of diagnos-tic technique, surgical resection and adjuvant therapy for pan-creatic cancer, the overall 5-year survival rate is still less than 5%. This is due to its aggressive growth behavior, early local invasion and metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Surgical treatment is still regard as the only chance for curing pancreatic cancer. Many new strategies in the surgical treatment of pancreatic cancer, including extended lymphadeneetomy, vascular resection, the use of laparoscopy, surgery for metastastic or recurrent disease, and neoadjuvant therapy, are currently under debate. In this review, we discuss the current status of surgical treatment for pancreatic cancer, and highlight the controversies and focus.