PURPOSE: To evaluate characteristic CT features of twisted ovarian tumors and to assess the diagnostic value of the existence of twisted vascular pedicle in torsion of ovarian tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Weretrospectively reviewed the clinical and CT findings in eleven patients with ovarian tumor torsion confirmed bysurgery. Pre- and post-contrast CT were available in nine patients and post-contrast CT in two. All twisted ovaries, tubes, and tumors showed hemorrhagic infarction and necrosis. RESULTS: All patients had twisted vascular pedicle of the ovarian tumor evaluated by CT. Eight patients with left ovarian tumor had twisted vascular pedicleon the left side of the tumor, and three patients with right ovarian tumor on the right side of the tumor. Themorphologic characteristics of twisted vascular pedicle were coiled target appearance (4 cases), beak appearance(3 cases), doughnut appearance (3 cases), and mass with irregular margin (1 case). High density on precontrast CT scan was present in the pedicle in four cases and linear contrast enhancement was seen in the peripheral portionof the pedicle in four cases. The shape, density and location of ovarian tumors were inconsistent, however, contrast enhancement was not seen in all patients. Other findings were uterine deviation, loss of fat plane andpelvic fluid. CONCLUSION: Detection of twisted vascular pedicle by CT may be useful for the diagnosis of ovariantumor torsion.
Animals ; Beak ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Infarction ; Necrosis

Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma is a rare tumor, most frequently occurring in liver parenchyma. We recentlyencountered an exophytic hepatic leiomyosarcoma ; CT scans indicated an indistinct border, with the parenchyme ofthe liver and parenchymal beaking suggesting a primary hepatic mass. We present an unusual case of primaryleiomyosarcoma which showed exophytic growth.
Animals ; Beak ; Leiomyosarcoma* ; Liver ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVES: We analyzed the pneumatization pattern of the frontal recess (FR) in a Korean population. We also determined the correlation between the volume of the agger nasi cell (ANC) and the anterior-to-posterior (A-P) length of the frontal isthmus (FI) and FR. METHODS: Multiplanar paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT) images from 105 patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery were reviewed. The prevalence of frontal recess cells (FRCs), thickness of the frontal beak (FB), volume of the ANC, A-P length of the FI, and FR were evaluated. RESULTS: The ANC was identified in 96% of the patients and frontal cells (FCs) in 32% (FC type 1, 24.2%; type 2, 4.2%; type 3, 3.1%; and type 4, 0%). The prevalences of frontal bullar, suprabullar, supraorbital ethmoidal, and interfrontal sinus septal cells were 10%, 7.8%, 3.6%, and 6.8%, respectively. The A-P lengths of the FR and FI were 10.1+/-3.1 and 8.4+/-2.9 mm, respectively. The thickness of the FB was 7.8+/-1.8 mm and the volume of the ANC averaged 394.1+/-240.5 mm3. The thickness of the FB did not correlate with the volume of the ANC. In contrast, the A-P length of the FI and FR were positively correlated with the volume of the ANC. CONCLUSION: ANCs and FCs were found in 96% and 32% of the cases in this series. FC type 4 was not seen. What appeared to be FC4 on conventional CT was identified as FBC from reconstructed parasagittal images. A large ANC increased the A-P length of the FI and FR, regardless of the thickness of the FB.
Animals ; Beak ; Frontal Sinus ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Tomography, Spiral Computed

Seckel syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease. The characteristic features of Seckel syndrome include Intrauterine and postnatal growth deficiency, severe microcephaly, and a bird-like head. General appearance of our patient was characterized by Pre- and postnatal growth retardation, microcephaly, large eye, and a beaked nose. The patient had mental retardation with CNS anomalies. The CNS anomalies seen in the patient included cerebral dysgenesis and cerebellar atrophy. So, we report the case of CNS anomalies in Seckel syndrome.
Animals ; Atrophy ; Beak ; Head ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Microcephaly ; Nose

A case, 21 years old male, of Oculodentodigital dysplasia characterized with microphthalmia, micrccornea, parrot beak nose, dental anormalies, hypotrichosis and syndactyly. A brief review of literature is described.
Animals ; Beak ; Humans ; Hypotrichosis ; Male ; Microphthalmos ; Nose ; Parrots ; Syndactyly ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: The spontaneous extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon rupture is a well-documented complication of non-displaced or minimally displaced distal radius fracture. Authors analyzed the radiographs of patients treated for closed EPL rupture after distal radius fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight patients (21 females, 7 males; average age of 58 years) with tendon transfer for spontaneous rupture of EPL after distal radius fracture were included. Wrist radiographs were taken at the first visit with EPL rupture. On the lateral view, posterior cortical displacement, distance from highest point in Lister's tubercle to fracture line, and height of the Lister's tubercle were measured. The distance from the lunate facet to the fracture line was measured on anteroposterior view. Radiologic change at the time of EPL rupture around the Lister's tubercle was evaluated by comparing it with the contra lateral wrist radiograph. Radial beak fracture pattern was also identified. RESULTS: The interval between the injury and the spontaneous EPL rupture varied from 2 to 20 weeks, with an average of 6.7 weeks. There were 25 cases of non-displacement, 3 cases of mean 2.0 mm cortical displacement. The average distance from the lunate facet to the fracture line was 9.1 mm (3-12.1 mm), from the highest point in Lister's tubercle to the fracture line was 3.0 mm toward proximal radius (1.7-4.9 mm). The average height of the Lister's tubercle was 3.4 mm in the injured wrist and 3.1 mm in the opposite wrist. Radial beak fracture pattern was shown at 11 cases. CONCLUSION: All cases presented no or minimal displaced fracture, and the fracture line was in the vicinity of the Lister's tubercle. Those kinds of fractures can highlight the possibility of spontaneous EPL rupture, depites its rarity.
Animals ; Beak ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Radius Fractures* ; Radius* ; Rupture* ; Rupture, Spontaneous ; Tendon Transfer ; Tendons ; Wrist

PURPOSE: This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics, results of operational method and causes of operational failure in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment except macula hole induced retinal detachment, and to analyze several factors of vision. METHOD: We reviewed the records of 720 patients, 743 eyes with regmatogenous retinal detachment who had undergone operation from January 1990 to December 1999, and followed up for at least 3 months or longer. RESULT: Scleral buckling (728 eyes, 98.0%), gas injection (9 eyes, 1.2%) and vitrctomy (6 eyes, 0.8%) were done as a primary operation. Anatomical success rate was 684 eyes(34.9%). A good visual acuity ( V A >or=0.5) was achieved in 239 eyes (34.9%), reasonable vision (VA 0.4~0.15) in 192 eyes(28.1%), ambulatory vision (VA 0.1~0.02) in 95 eyes (13.8%), whereas 158 eyes (23.2%) became blind (VA beak and more reoperation cases. CONCLUSION: During the past 10 years, we found that functional outcome was not favorable in spite of the high anatomical success. This prognostic factors make us predict postoperative visual outcome of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
Animals ; Beak ; Humans ; Reoperation ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Scleral Buckling ; Visual Acuity

OBJECTIVES: Draf IIb approach provides wide, unilateral access to the frontal sinus. This approach can be extended without destruction of the contralateral frontal sinus drainage pathway, performed during Draf III (modified Lothrop) procedure. There is limited data in the literature regarding the use of modified Draf IIb procedures. METHODS: Patients treated with extended Draf IIb procedures in a single center were retrospectively assessed. RESULTS: Ten patients were identified, including 2 cases of osteoma, 1 inverted papilloma, 1 carcinoma, 5 mucoceles, and 1 chronic rhinosinusitis patient. Six patients had undergone prior surgery, including external procedures in 3 cases. Modifications of Draf IIb were classified as the following: removal of the anterosuperior nasal septum adjacent to the nasal beak, removal of the intersinus septum, and a combination of the above-mentioned methods (upper nasal septum and intersinus septum removal). There were 3 patients operated on with type 1 modification, one patient with type 2 modification, and 6 patients with type 3 modification. There were no perioperative complications. CONCLUSION: In selected cases, extended Draf IIb procedures are safe and effective in the treatment of frontal sinus disease.
Animals ; Beak ; Drainage ; Endoscopy ; Frontal Sinus* ; Humans ; Mucocele ; Nasal Septum ; Osteoma ; Papilloma, Inverted ; Pathology* ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the normal anatomy of the anterior diaphragm below the level of the xiphoid process by analyzing CT scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT scans of 100 patients with no peridiaphragmatic lesions were retrospectively analyzed. All CT scans were performed with coverage of the whole diaphragm in the inspiration state. We evaluated the type of the anterior diaphragm, according to Gale's classification, the discontinuity of the anterior diaphragm (defect), the presence of a focal protrusion of the diaphragm (beak), and the thin line continuous with the diaphragm (line), and the relationship between the internal thoracic artery and the anterior diaphragm. Ed. Note: confirm wording. RESULTS: The frequency of defect, beak, and line were 17%, 27%, and 9%, respectively. Beak mainly (18/27) arose from the fusion between the anterior diaphragm and the transversus abdominis. The internal thoracic artery seen on CT was always located in the anterior portion of the transversus abdominis or transversus thoracis. CONCLUSION: The discontinuity of the anterior diaphragm and the focal protrusion of the diaphragm that mimics a hernia are relatively common variations of the anterior diaphragm. The internal thoracic artery may not be the cause of Morgagni foramen.
Animals ; Beak ; Classification ; Diaphragm* ; Hernia ; Humans ; Mammary Arteries ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: We attempted to determine the differences in frequency, as well as clinical, radiologic characteristics of atypical femoral fracture between groups of patients who have taken bisphosphonate and those who have not by conduct of a retrospective analysis of patients with low energy subtrochanteric and shaft fractures of the femur. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 44 cases of 41 female patients over 60 years old who underwent surgery due to femoral shaft/subtrochanteric fractures from August 2001 to October 2011. The patients were divided into two groups: Group A, 22 cases in 19 patients with a history of bisphosphonate treatment; Group B, 22 cases in 22 patients without a history of bisphosphonate treatment as a control group. We assessed the duration of bisphosphonate treatment, presence of prodromal symptoms, and radiological results, and compared age, BMD results, union period, and nonunion rate between the two groups. RESULTS: Mean medication period was 56.8 months(12-132 months) and prodromal symptoms were observed in one case. Lateral cortical thickening and transverse fracture with a medial cortical bone beak were observed in all patients of Group A, and contralateral cortical hypertrophy of the femur was noted in 15 patients(17 cases) (77.3%). Mean age was 73.2 years in Group A and 78.2 years in Group B, which showed significant difference (P=0.021), while no difference was observed in BMD, union period, and nonunion rate. CONCLUSION: An atypical femoral fracture can occur in the subtrochanteric or shaft of the femur. The typical radiological characteristics of this fracture are lateral cortical thickening and transverse fracture with a medial cortical bone beak and contralateral abnormality of cortical bone. Findings of this study suggest that medical practitioners should be careful of atypical fractures with osteoporosis patients who use prolonged bisphosphonate.
Animals ; Beak ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; Femur ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Osteoporosis ; Prodromal Symptoms ; Retrospective Studies