Child psychiatric disorders are common and treatable, but often go undetected and therefore remain untreated.To assess the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) as a potential means for improving the detection of child psychiatric disorders in the community.SDQ predictions and independent psychiatric diagnoses were compared in a community sample of 1959 11- to 17-year-olds from the 2013 Mongolian National Center for Mental HealthMulti-informant (parents, teachers, older children) SDQs identified individuals with a psychiatric diagnosis with a specificity of 66.8% (95% Cl 61.4-73.0%) and a sensitivity of 64.4% (59.9-71.3%). The questionnaires identified over 65% of individuals with conduct, hyperactivity, depressive and some anxiety disorders. Sensitivity was substantially poorer with single-informant rather than multi-informant SDQs.Community screening programmers based on multi-informant SDQs could potentially increase the detection of child psychiatric disorders, thereby improving access to effective treatments

BackgroundIn accordance with WHO investigation, most of the mental disorders onset in childhood and 20 percentof children (1 of fi ve) with mental and behavioral disorder currently. In 2005, by assessment of mentalhealth system in Mongolia (WHO-AIMS) it was concluded that special attention needs to be given todevelop professional competence and services in the area of child and adolescents mental health so itis a reason of the this study.AimTo early identify common emotional and behavioral problems among children and identify risk factorsfor itMethodsThe study was randomly selected 3500 child aged between from 4 to 17 years in 5 districts of Ulaanbaatarcity and 46 soums of 11 aimags of Mongolia.A main tool is Strengths and Diffi culties Questionnaire (SDQ) and included the 25-item child andparent versions were used to record each informant’s perception of four problem domains/subscales.SDQ was differently used child ages such as child aged 6-10 years used by parent version child agedbetween11-17 years used by both child and parent versions.ResultsOf 2920 child who participated in the study, 382 (13%) studied in kindergarten, 2423 (82.9%) school. Anaverage age of participants was 10.9±4.ConclusionThe abnormal emotional reaction was dominantly occurred in urban girls aged between from 6 to 10years and the abnormal behavioral reaction was dominantly occurred in urban boys aged between from6 to 15 years. The family relationship was a risk factor for developing emotional and behavioral problemsin child.

Introduction: In a report from the WHO 2013 it states that, 23% of children between the ages of 13 and 17 had suicidal ideation and 9.3% attempted suicide in the last 12 months. According to the research of Bayarmaa V et al, the prevalence of behavioral and emotional disorder among adolescents is between 8.7% & 9.4%. As a result of these researches, it can be concluded that evaluating the mental health of adolescents and learning the risk factors that can affect it has become an urgent matter in Mongolia. Goal: To establish the prevalence, the factors that influence it and the type of signs and symptoms common to this behavioral and emotional disorder in adolescents of the Gobi-Altai province. Material and Method: No ethical errors were reported during the implementation of this study. We used various versions of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) applicable for children, adolescents, parents and teachers and determined exhibition of emotional and behavioral problems by cross-sectional analysis. 2192 adolescents between the ages of 11-18 years old, 1808 parents and caregivers and 102 teachers from the secondary school in Gobi-Altai province were screened from March to December of 2018. Results: In our study, 50.5% (n=1107) of participants were boys, 49.5% (n=1085) were girls and totally 2192 participants were involved. Regarding the survey results, 58.6% of adolescents in Gobi-Altai province were healthy, 36.1% of them had emotional and behavioral problems and 5.2% of them had emotional and behavioral disorders. For the mental health of adolescent, peer bullying (child 1.4 times higher, parents 6.4 times higher), moving house (child 2 times higher), domestic disputes between parents (child 1.6 times higher), loneliness (child 1.4 times high), hormonal change (teacher 7.7 times high, parents 2 times high), obtaining a qualification for a better life (teacher 6.4 times high) are the factors affecting their mental health negativ ely and creating a mental health problem. Conclusion 58.6% of adolescents in Gobi-Altai province were healthy, 36.1% of them had emotional and behavioral problems and 5.2% of them were with emotional and behavioral disorders. Peer bullying, moving house, domestic disputes between parents, loneliness, hormonal change are the factors affecting the mental health of adolescents negatively.

Children under 5 years of age in developing countries are particularly vulnerable to malnutrition. Malnutrition affects 50% of hospitalized children and 25–70% of the critically ill children. Malnutrition interferes with the appropriate response of the body to disease and predisposes to infection and to the onset of multiorgan failure, increasing morbidity and mortality, the mean length of hospital stay, and health costs. Aim: A prospective cohort study of children admitted to the tertiary pediatric ICU between January 2009 and January 2014 was carried out. To assess the malnutrition type, and impact of nutritional status on outcomes like mortality rate, disease, complication in critically ill children.To the study were enrolled 138 children admitted to the pediatric intensive care units of the NationalCenter for Maternal and Childrens Hospital. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the MNUMS, and written informed consent was obtained from all study participants. Nutritional status was determined using Waterlow criteria.Total participants were 49.3% (n=68) of male, 50.7% (n=70) female. 138 children with a mean age 4.4 months ±3.6/ Std.Er/, min = 1 month, max = 12 months, mode = 1 month. n=70(50.7%) acute malnutrition, n=58(42%) chronic malnutrition by Waterlow criteria. In malnutrition group was assessed patient with ricket n=36 (26.1%), patient with anemia n=56(58.9%)While malnutrition is a major problem in pediatric intensive care units. Acute malnutrition moreoccurred in the pediatric intensive care.Malnutrition more occurring of intrauterine infection, genetic disorder, hematology disease’s patients.

Thyroid nodular lesions are the common clinical problem in the world. A variety of tests have been employed to separate benign from malignant thyroid nodules. These tests include isotope scanning and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Our research was based on the fact that the comparison of FNAC and thyroid isotope scan in thyroid nodule was not researched in Mongolia. Therefore, we want to evaluate the specimen adequacy of FNAC, and compare its result to thyroid isotope scanning in patients with thyroid nodule. The research was conducted on archive materials of FNAC and thyroid isotope scanning of patients with thyroid nodule who were treated in surgical department of The First Central Hospital from 2012 to 2015, and the statistic analyze was done by using SPSS 20 under the auspices of School of Pharmacy and Bio-Medicine,Department of pathology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences. We have collected the FNAC of 807 patients, including 34 patients (4.2%) were males and 773 patients (95.8%) were females. FNA cytology results were interpreted as benign in 495 cases (61.3%), follicular lesion of undetermined significance in 31 cases (3.8%), follicular neoplasm in 9 cases (1.1%) suspicious in 17 cases (2.1%), malignant in 3 cases (0.4%), and unsatisfactory in 252 cases (31%). We have got the result of thyroid isotope scanning of 43 (5.32%) patients out of 807 cases. On thyroid scan, 18 patients (41.9%) having cold nodule were labeled as suspicious for malignancy, 25 patients (58.1%) had hot nodule. The FNA diagnosis of 25 patients with a hot nodule following: 1 patient (4%) with neoplasm, 17 patients (68%) with benign results, 6 patients (24%) had non-diagnostic. The FNA diagnosis of 18 patients (41.9%) with cold nodule following: 1 patient (5.5%) with follicular lesion of undetermined significance, 10 patient (55.5%) with benign, 5 patient (27.7%) with non-diagnostic, 2 patient (11.1%) had malignant. The FNAC results were interpreted as benign in 495 cases (61.3%), malignant in 3 cases (0.4%), and unsatisfactory in 252 cases (31%). Two patients out of 18 patients with cold nodule diagnosed as malignancy by FNAC. The sensitivity and specificity of thyroid isotope scanning was 96% and 16.6%, respectively.

Background: One of the confronted problems of doctors and medical personnels is sexually transmitted disease has not been decreased in our country up to now. By last 5 years propagation of trichomoniasis was 16.7-9.5% per 10000 population and infected T.vaginalis. In the practice of parasitology of our country metilen is revealed by gram method hasn’t been introduced which is used in up to date histological analyse. This became the background of our research work. Aim of our research is to diagnose trichomoniasis which infects sexually by cytological analyse and to define its specific and sensibility.Materials and Methods: A total 99 smears of 33 females aged 19-39, used cross sectional descriptive method. Finding T.vaginalis on specimens (1) Vaginal wet mount, (2) Gram staining and (3) Pap stain. Result: In our research T.vaginalis leaked out in wet mount smear was 33%, in Gram stain was (21.2%). The sensibility quality of T.vaginalis on Gram stain is 63%, specific quality is 90%, value of kappa coefficient (К=0.58 Р<0.002). In Pap stain T.vaginalis diagnosed 27,2% and sensibility quality of T.vaginalis is 81%, specific quality is 100%, value of kappa coefficient (К=0.87 Р<0.005). In the case when 3 analysis were positive case was 5 or 15.2%, in the case where 2 analysis were positive case was 6 or 18.2%. Conclusions: The Pap stain sensibility quality of T.vaginalis is 81%, specific quality is 100%, value of kappa coefficient (К=0.87 Р<0.005), that shows should be to give effect on diagnosing of sexually transmitted infectious disease.

Introduction. Stigma and discrimination against patients with mental illness is very common amongst the society. Therefore, this study aims to study the knowledge and understanding of mental illness and attitudes to patient with mental illness, among the general population.Goal. To assess the knowledge and understanding of mental illness and attitude to patient with mental illness among population of Ulaanbaatar city and compare its results with a similar research in carried out in 2002.Methods. The study was conducted in Ulaanbaatar city from February to April, 2008 and included 991 people aged over 18 years. The sample was selected from 30 micro districts of Ulaanbaatar city, The method of sampling was using primary dot in first step, sampling households in mid step and selecting people by using method of Sweden key from household in final step. The study used 30 item standardized questionnaires. Also there were 2 extra cards to read for respondents.Result. Among the respondents, 45% were males and 55 % females. Average age was 37 years. In view of identifying negative attitude of patient with schizophrenia, majority of respondents answered as “loony person” (n=136) and “mad person” (n=83). Conclusion. Although there was stigma amongst the study population, 66% of subjects who were involved in study could give right diagnosis in non professional level and were able to identify symptoms of mental illness suggesting that more than half of the sample studied had some knowledge of mental illness.

BACKGROUND. Uterine cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide. In our country, cervical cancer is second most common cancer in women. Uterine cervical smear (Papanicolaou test) remains an effective and widely used method for early detection of precancerous and cancerous lesions. Since 2002, the cervical smear was introduced to the clinical practice of our country. However, there is no study to performed external quality assurance of cervical smear until now. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We selected 20 glass slides of uterine cervical smear, the diagnosis was approved by histopathology. Each chosen slides were evaluated by four cytologists of A, B, C, D hospitals with hidden clinical information, independently. RESULTS. The sensitivity of A, B, C and D hospitals were 87.5%, 93.3%, 93.3%, and 93.3%, respectively. The specificity of A, B, C and D hospitals was 85.7%, 85.7%, 75%, and 66.6%, respectively. The diagnostic concordance of A, B, C and D was 70%, 75%, 50%, and 55%, respectively. The agreement of cytological diagnosis was moderate (kappa = 0.55), moderate (kappa = 0.43), fair (kappa = 0.37), and fair (kappa = 0.33) in A, B, C, and D hospitals, respectively. CONCLUSION: The external quality assurance in cytopathology is needed in Mongolia. The diagnostic concordance method would be applicable in our country to improve diagnostic agreement.

Introduction: Rongalite have many names, the trade name for sodium hydroxymethylsulfinate also sodium formaldehydesulfoxylate. It causes serious side effects to human body and is forbidden to be used as food additives by law. It is still frequently used illegally in rice and flour products. Based on this study, we determination rongalite level in some friut widespread of in our country. The study was done materials used in Lingonberry, Blueberry, Hippophae, Blackcurrant fruits collected in Khuvsgul. To determine rongalite was followed by protocol to sanitation-laboratory of food of the school of social of health in MNUMS used for NC-860 Universal Food Safety Analyzer. The concentration in sample that were measure to 153.88- 213.85 mg/kg of Lingonberry, Blueberry, Hippophae, Blackcurrant fruits weight. Materials and methods : The study was done materials used in a Lingonberry, Blueberry, Hippophae, Blackcurrant fruits collected in Khuvsgul. To determine rongalite was followed by protocol to sanitation-laboratory of food of the school of social of health in MNUMS used for NC-860 Universal Food Safety Analyzer. Weigh accurately 5.0 g of the fruit in a plastic extract bottle, add 20 ml of distilled water, extract for 10 min by centrifugated. Than filtrate into 6 time respectively test tubes through 0.45 μm membrane using remove the color. Rongalite determined in use a disposable test tube, add 1 drop of oxidizing reagent. Amount of rongalite used for NC-860 Universal Food Safety Analyzer. Result and discussion Based on the obtained result, the maximum concentration observed in Blueberry was 213.85 mg/kg, and the minimum concentration observed in Hippophae was 153.88 mg/kg, the concentration observed in Lingonberry was 192.8 mg/kg, the concentration observed in Blackcurrant was 155.29 mg/kg of contained weight respectively. The difference of rongalite concentrations in wheat powder and rice powder was 0.41 mg/kg in China. Identified to the result was higher than other research.

Introduction: Cases of gastric cancer have been declining worldwide in recent years. However, gastric cancer incidence increased in the last decade in Mongolia. In Mongolia, over 80% of gastric cancer cases are diagnosed during the late stage. Several studies have revealed that serum pepsinogens (PGs) level reflects, indirectly, histological and functional characteristics of the gastric mucosa. Goal: We aimed to evaluate the risk of gastric cancer and its precancerous condition based on serum PGI, PGI/II biomarkers. Materials and Methods: This case-control study enrolled 114 subjects, including patients with gastric cancer (n=36), atrophic gastritis (n=40) and healthy controls (n=138). The questionnaires were obtained to determine risk factors. Serum PGI, PGII, and H. pylori IgG levels were measured by ELISA (Pepsinogen I ELISA; Pepsinogen II ELISA; H.Pylori IgG ELISA; BIOHIT Plc, Helsinki, Finland). PGI to PGII ratio was calculated. Patients were classified into the ABC(D) group according to Miki K approach. Also, we developed new scoring system based on some risk factors and serum PGI, PGI/II ratio. Logistic regressions were performed to evaluate risk and expressed by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: Mean age of the subjects was 60±10.9 years. H.Pylori was positive in 67 subjects. The serum PGI and PGI/II ratio levels were significantly decreased in gastric cancer and atrophic gastritis groups compared to the healthy control. According to classification ABC(D), group D (OR 5.04, 95% CI 1.13-22.50) had higher proportion of atrophic gastritis cases, group C (OR 6.19, 95% CI 1.04-36.78) had higher proportion of gastric cancer cases than others. Additionally, we created a risk prediction scoring system with a score ranging from 0 to 7, based on variables age, family history of gastric cancer, prior disease history, PGI and PGI/II ratio levels. For the atrophic gastritis patients, 17 (42.5%) were classified into medium-risk category (OR 4.49, 95% CI 1.38-14.58) and 17 (42.5%) were classified into high-risk category (OR 7.69, 95% CI 2.16-27.43). Whereas, 11 (30.6%) patients with gastric cancer were classified into medium-risk category (OR 4.35, 95% CI 1.13-16.85), 21 (58.3%) were classified into high-risk category (OR 14.25, 95% CI 3.60-56.43). Conclusion The methods based on serum PGI and PGI/II may identify a high risk population of gastric cancer and atrophic gastritis.