1.The identifi cation results for the diagnostic sensitivity of cervical liquid based cytology testing
Batchimeg Ts ; Gerelee Kh ; Sayamaa L ; Munkhtulga L ; Bayarmaa E
Mongolian Medical Sciences 2016;175(1):26-30
Introduction
Cervical cancer screening program is using conventional Pap smear (CPS) have been successfully
used in Mongolia, but new kind of test as “Liquid based cytology” (LBC) is not popular for screening.
This liquid based cytology testing might reduce the number of unsatisfactory smears, and increase the
accuracy of diagnosing.
Goal
The main aim of this study was to assess diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity of Liquid based cytology
versus Conventional Pap smear using ‘split-samples’ technique.
Materials and Methods
This was cross sectional study, total of 75 cervical split samples were included over a period of 2 months.
Split sample was obtained using cervix-brush. CPS was prepared from brush and the brush head was
suspended in the Liquid based vial and processed by LBC method and pap staining. Smears were
diagnosed by cytologists. Abnormal smears were concluded by cervical biopsy as a Golden Standard.
Results
There were 14%unsatisfactory smears in CPS and 6% in LBC; the main cause is insuffi cient cells, and
excess blood in CPS. LBC had diagnostic accuracy of LSIL was lower, but ASC-US was higher than
CPS was signifi cant. LBC (100%) was more sensitive than CPS (89%) was confi rmed by biopsy.
Conclusions: LBC testing was successfully reduced unsatisfactory smears rate. LBC samples offered
better clarity and uniform spread of smears, less time for screening and better diagnostic accuracy of
LSIL and ASC-US than CPS.
4. The comparative study of thyroid isotope scanning and FNA cytology in the nodular lesion of thyroid gland
Suren O ; Tuul B ; Puregmaa KH ; Sаyamaa L ; Ulzii-Orshikh N ; Enkhtuya B ; Bayarmaa E ; Ganzorig B
Innovation 2016;10(3):32-36
Thyroid nodular lesions are the common clinical problem in the world. A variety of tests have been employed to separate benign from malignant thyroid nodules. These tests include isotope scanning and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Our research was based on the fact that the comparison of FNAC and thyroid isotope scan in thyroid nodule was not researched in Mongolia. Therefore, we want to evaluate the specimen adequacy of FNAC, and compare its result to thyroid isotope scanning in patients with thyroid nodule. The research was conducted on archive materials of FNAC and thyroid isotope scanning of patients with thyroid nodule who were treated in surgical department of The First Central Hospital from 2012 to 2015, and the statistic analyze was done by using SPSS 20 under the auspices of School of Pharmacy and Bio-Medicine,Department of pathology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences. We have collected the FNAC of 807 patients, including 34 patients (4.2%) were males and 773 patients (95.8%) were females. FNA cytology results were interpreted as benign in 495 cases (61.3%), follicular lesion of undetermined significance in 31 cases (3.8%), follicular neoplasm in 9 cases (1.1%) suspicious in 17 cases (2.1%), malignant in 3 cases (0.4%), and unsatisfactory in 252 cases (31%). We have got the result of thyroid isotope scanning of 43 (5.32%) patients out of 807 cases. On thyroid scan, 18 patients (41.9%) having cold nodule were labeled as suspicious for malignancy, 25 patients (58.1%) had hot nodule. The FNA diagnosis of 25 patients with a hot nodule following: 1 patient (4%) with neoplasm, 17 patients (68%) with benign results, 6 patients (24%) had non-diagnostic. The FNA diagnosis of 18 patients (41.9%) with cold nodule following: 1 patient (5.5%) with follicular lesion of undetermined significance, 10 patient (55.5%) with benign, 5 patient (27.7%) with non-diagnostic, 2 patient (11.1%) had malignant. The FNAC results were interpreted as benign in 495 cases (61.3%), malignant in 3 cases (0.4%), and unsatisfactory in 252 cases (31%). Two patients out of 18 patients with cold nodule diagnosed as malignancy by FNAC. The sensitivity and specificity of thyroid isotope scanning was 96% and 16.6%, respectively.
5.Diagnosis of intraoperative squash cytology in brain tumors
Enkhee O ; Tsetsegdelger M ; Bolortuya B ; Enkhbat TS ; Khusyan KH ; Tuul B ; Bayarmaa E
Mongolian Medical Sciences 2014;170(4):14-18
Background: The intraoperative smear cytology (squash preparation) is fairly accurate, simple, reliabletool for rapid intraoperative diagnosis of neurosurgical biopsies [1]. In the early 1930s, Dr Eisenhardtand Cushing introduced intraoperative cytological investigations for rapid examination of neurosurgicalspecimens and guidance of surgical treatment [2]. Besides rapid decision making during neurosurgicalprocedures, it is also to be ensured that minimum injury is caused to the normal brain structuressurrounding the intracranial neoplasm. It has become necessary for pathologists to train themselves inthe interpretation of cytomorphological features of various central nervous system lesion and used inmany neurosurgical units of all over the world [3]. Thus, to begin doing intraoperative squash cytology inour practice is the aim of this study.Aim: To study the diagnostic accuracy of squash cytology in the intraoperative diagnosis of centralnervous system tumorsMaterials and Methods: The material for this study was obtained from 30 cases of nervous systemneoplasms sent for intraoperative consultation from State Third Central Hospital, Shashtin to the thirdsection of National Center for Pathology between 7th of November 2013 to 28th of March 2014. Squashpreparation was performed on all cases and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The diagnosis given onsquash cytology was then compared with final diagnosis given on paraffin-embedded sections.Results: Of total 30 cases of primary central nervous system tumors, neuroepithelial tumors are thelargest category of tumors (50%). The accuracy of squash cytology was 82.1%.Conclusion: This is the first study in our country where intra-operative squash cytology in brain tumorwas done and diagnostic accuracy was 82.1% as very good category. There were 4 cases had diagnosticdiscrepancy.
8.ЭС СУДЛАЛЫН ШИНЖИЛГЭЭНИЙ ЧАНАРЫН ГАДААД ХЯНАЛТЫН АСУУДАЛД
Bolorchimeg Kh ; Tuul B ; Narantuya N ; Bolormaa O ; Tserenpil B ; Bayarmaa E ; Sayamaa L
Innovation 2017;11(2):26-28
BACKGROUND. Uterine cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths
in women worldwide. In our country, cervical cancer is second most common cancer
in women. Uterine cervical smear (Papanicolaou test) remains an effective and widely
used method for early detection of precancerous and cancerous lesions. Since 2002,
the cervical smear was introduced to the clinical practice of our country. However,
there is no study to performed external quality assurance of cervical smear until now.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. We selected 20 glass slides of uterine cervical smear, the
diagnosis was approved by histopathology. Each chosen slides were evaluated by four
cytologists of A, B, C, D hospitals with hidden clinical information, independently.
RESULTS. The sensitivity of A, B, C and D hospitals were 87.5%, 93.3%, 93.3%, and 93.3%,
respectively. The specificity of A, B, C and D hospitals was 85.7%, 85.7%, 75%, and 66.6%,
respectively. The diagnostic concordance of A, B, C and D was 70%, 75%, 50%, and 55%,
respectively. The agreement of cytological diagnosis was moderate (kappa = 0.55),
moderate (kappa = 0.43), fair (kappa = 0.37), and fair (kappa = 0.33) in A, B, C, and D
hospitals, respectively. CONCLUSION: The external quality assurance in cytopathology
is needed in Mongolia. The diagnostic concordance method would be applicable in
our country to improve diagnostic agreement.
9.Study results of ph meter analysis on antacid antacid calcium-6 preparation effects for treatment of gastroeosophageal reflux disease
Alimaa U ; Bayarkhuu Ts ; Bazardari Ch ; Oyuntsetseg Kh ; Bayarmaa N ; Seesregdorj S
Journal of Oriental Medicine 2015;8(1):7-10
Purpose:To identify theeffect of Antacid calcium-preparation on
gastroeosophageal reflux disease by using pH meterfor 24 hour
monitoring analysis. Study methodology:A randomly controlled test was
used for the study. Study objects were administered Antacid calcium-6
preparation and their gastric acidity level was identified by pH monitoring
analysis for 24 hours. Theimpact of preparation in regards with before
and after treatment and their relationship were analysed by t-test.
Results:The 24-hour pH meter analysis of Antacid calcium-6 preparation
indicated that before administration of preparation the
gastroeosophageal pH=5,75±0,14, which has increased after the
administration to pH=9,7±0,02 and the average duration was 7,8±0,09
days. In other words, the alkalinizing effect was statistically significant
(p<0.001). Also, According to the criteria developed by the DeMeester,
the daily prevalence of reflux, the prevalence of reflux that continued for
more than five minutes and the DeMeester index indicated that the
preparation was significantly efficient (p=0.041). The neutrialising effect
of the preparation was established by using the criteria method
developed by G.A. Agafonova and A.P. Kholopov (1984), and after
administering the preparation, the gastric level was pH=4,6±1,5 indicating
that the preparation had a neutralising effect. The average duration for
neutralization was 19,3±0,9 hours. Conclusion: Аntacid calcium-6
preparation was effective in neutralising the gastric acidity and it was
appropriate for treatment of GERD, chronic gastritis.
10.Determination Of The Efficiency Of Antacide Calcium 6 Biological Preparation To Gastroeosophageal Reflux Disease By Radiological Study
Alimaa U ; Bayarkhuu Ts ; Oyuntsetseg Kh ; Bayarmaa N ; Seesregdorj S
Journal of Oriental Medicine 2015;9(2):46-50
The study’s goal was to determine efficiency of the Antacide
Calcium-6 to Gastroeosophageal reflux disease (GERD) by
radiological study. The material and methods are experimental
study and we collected occasionally participants. The study was 2
stages. In the first stage, participants are given Antacide Calcium-6
p.o, and then monitored gastric acidity by pH monitoring for 24
hours. We evaluated how to effect to reflux condition in before and
after treatment by relational groups t score. Also we determinate
efficient to GERD by DeMeester score, G.A. Agafanova,
A.P.Kholopov scores, time to neutralize gastric acidity by time to
gastric acidity return normal. First stages results are this preparation
alkalified eosophagus (р<0,001). The second stage: Participants are
given Antacide calcium-6 for 21 days p.o (1 times per day, in 10
A.M, 1.5g) after collected GerdQ questions and did
gastroeosophageal flexible endoscopy. Treatments results
evaluated by GerdQ and Antacide calcium-6 decreased to gastro-
eosophageal reflux by 72.1% (р<0,001). Eosophageal mucous
membrande changes were 86.11% (n=31), gastric inflammation’s
actitity was decreased 72.22% (n=26) by endoscopic examination.
In conclusion, Antacid calcium-6 biological preparation has
neutralizing actions to gastric acidity. Therefore this preparation is
comfortable to treat GERD and chronic gastritis.