Based on registered cases Н1N1 virus Influenza in Mexico, 26 April, 2009, there were done risk assessment of current and future situations in area along railway across Mongolia. In the frame of this work were done organizational work preparation, urgent activities to prevent the infection The result of this risk assessment were passed this situation with less risk and related activities were done by steps.Work of Making Sure of ReadinessBy the order number 22b of Vice Chairperson of the Security Departure of Railway, on 28th of April, based on act number 02 of the National Emergency Department, group of agents had been assigned on UBRW, on 6th of May ‘’Plan to Prevent and Making Sure Quick Response is Ready from H1N1 Virus Influenza Infection’’ had been declared, announcing to manage works to prevent new virus infections, enforcing presence of related laws and regulations as a duty, organized video-selector of railway on 12th of May 2009, by presenting ways to get infected, prevention, UBRW’s all departments, branches and agencies have organized to prevent. On 29th of June 2009, we have processed and announced a guideline to act when a ‘’Passenger that is suspected with Influenza virus’’, and we made sure international and domestic rails are ready. On 29th of July, with the help of National Infectious Disease Center, we have organized a training to ‘’Early Prevention from H1N1 Virus Influenza Infection Counteract and Preparing Readiness’’ with having presenters from hospitals like Central and Branch rails joint clinic, physicians from branches and factory clinics, Wagon Depo in Ulaanbaatar, Passenger Service Ulaanbaatar Central Station, and produced 63 trainers.In Work of Making Sure of Readiness, on 10th of September 2009, by the order number 50 of Chairperson of Railway, solved 43 million tugrugs of Investment to making sure readiness of the medical and passenger service, saved some protection materials and other inventories. During the red alert additionally planned 156 million tugrugs, during whole phase of H1N1 virus infection UBRW had spent 204 million tugrugs. When looking at the spending: Medical equipments: 73781076 tugrugs, sterilizations and disinfectants: 23907969 tugrugs, protection materials: 27230300 tugrugs, vitamins: 62511518 tugrugs, educational advertisements: 10672525 tugrugs, others: 3369620 tugrugs.Conclusion:1. Incidents of H1N1 virus infection of people in covering area of UBRW’s Central Clinic and its branches railway’s joint clinics are less than National, Ulaanbaatar City, and Provinces that have railways.2. Children ages ranging from 0 to 4 and people from 20 to 49 years old with full ability to work are more likely to get infected.3. According to the research H1N1 Influenza virus incidents are higher in Bayangol and Bayanzurkh districts. The most incidents, which are registered from Bayanzurkh district’s sub districts, are I, III, IV are higher than other sub districts. In these sub districts, Ulaanbaatar Central Railway Station, and commercial centers like BARS Food Market and TOSA Market are located. Moreover 49% of the infected people live in apartments in which they don’t have central how water system, which cannot be denied that, had affected the spread of infections. 4. 96.5-99.15 of all infected people had headache, dry coughing, sneezing, discomfort, chest pain; 76.95 of all children had symptoms like diarrhea. Most patient’s chest X-ray diagnosed one of the two lungs have pneumonia. 60% of all the children and adult from 50 and over had a history of pain and diseases. But youths from 20-49 didn’t have any history of pain and diseases.5. It was effective to use medication tactics like immune activator and anti viral medications.6. In UBRW’s range there haven’t recorded any incidents that are more than 2 people from work place, school and family.7. To conclude (didn’t get laboratory test) from the first registered and dead patient first contaminated 1 person, which had treated in National Infectious Disease Center. And 1 person got lightly sick and got treated at home. If the patient got sick seriously and diagnosed positive, the closest 1 to 2 people have a possibility to be very likely to get contaminated.8. The latency stage of infection was 1 to 3 days and the average inpatient days were 10 days.

Summary:Chronic viral hepatitis clinical symptoms and laboratory test results are varies. The purpose of our survey is to compare the clinical symptoms with some of biochemical parameters. The study was conducted with cross sectional design involving a total of 123 people diagnosed with chronic viral hepatitis. A total of 123 patients involved in our survey, 62 (50.4%) patients of them with chronic hepatitis B, 60 (48.7%) patients of them with chronic hepatitis C and 1 (0.8%) patient with co-infection of hepatitis B and C viruses. Most of patients with clinicalsymptoms were high level of biochemical parameters such as AST, ALT, ALP, GGT

In United States, person is diagnosed with blood cancer in every 3 minutes. In 2015, there were 1.665.540 total cancer cases and 9.4% of them lymphoma and leukemia . In 2015, there were 95 cases of lymphoma in Mongolia when compared 4 times increase to 2015 from 2010 . Bone marrow examination is an established diagnostic modality in the evaluation of various hematological disorders. BM examination can serve to establish or confirm a primary diagnosis of lymphoma or to determine the extent of disease dissemination for staging purposes. Biopsy is essential for diagnosis in a dry tap or blood tap which occurs when the marrow is fibrotic or densely cellular. Only a biopsy allows a complete assessment of marrow architecture and pattern of distribution of any abnormal infiltrates. In 2015.01-2016.01 fifty five bone marrow biopsies were retrieved from the files of the National First Clinical Hospital-Department of Hematology. These all statistical analysis was performed using by SPSS 17. Bone marrow processing and staining: The hematologist is instructed to place the freshly obtained BMTB specimens directly into buffer substance fixative and transport it immediately to the histopathology department, on the same day as the procedure.The next morning (after 20–24 h), the solution is decanted (with a strainer) and the biopsy specimen is washed in distilled water for 30 min. The biopsy specimens are left to decalcify for about 6 h before being processed and embedded in paraffin wax, with procedures similar as for other specimens.Sections, 1-mm thick (microtome set for 1 mm sections), are cut from the paraffin-wax blocks with the routine rotary microtomes in the laboratoryA total of 55 cases were reviewed from December 2014 to November 2015. The age of the subjects ranged from twenty two years to seventy eigth years with a male predominance (1.7:1). Data of 55 trephine biopsies were reviewed. The percentage of trephine biopsies in different length ranges was calculated. Twenty two biopsieswere of recommended length, i.e., ≥1.5 Cm while remaining 33 were less than the recommended length. The rate of positivity for diagnosis was 95.4% in group-1, 94.1% in group-2, 63.6% in group-3 and 40% in group-4 In all cases in our study 73% (n=40) were satisfactory and 27%(n=15) unsatisfactory slides .Our study showed that 40% trephan biopsies were of revommended length i.e >=1.5cm with 95.4% positive of diagnosis. However biopsies measuring 1-1.4 cm also had comparable result 94.1% .

IntroductionMongolian rural population lack of access to adequate health services due to the fact that they live remotefrom urban hospitals. With the rapid spread of telemedicine in most countries, has been promoted as apromising tool to address deficiencies in delivering health care in developing countries.In late 2008 the Swiss Surgical Team (SST) started the telemedicine project MonTelNet in Mongolia incollaboration and with financial support of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC).GoalThis study aims at evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of such a service by reviewing 212 telepathologydiagnoses delivered to the local experts in Ulaanbaatar between January 2009 and June 2013.Materials and MethodsUnder the MonTelNet project all province (Aimag) hospitals were equipped with hardware necessaryfor practicing telemedicine, in particular with computers with digitalized microscopes and cameras. Thesoftware CampusMedicus® (CM) was developed together with Klughammer GmbH. Software and alldata and comments exchanged over the MonTelNet are stored on a central server. Each of the originaldiagnoses issued through the CM telepathology (TP) server was compared to an independent reviewdiagnosis based on the original glass slides.RESULT For 188 specimens (89.9%) the TP diagnosis were completely identical with the review diagnosison the original glass slide. 12 specimens (5.7%) showed minor discrepancies (clinically identical) and 5specimens (2.4%) showed moderate discrepancies which were not clinically relevant. four cases (1.9%)exhibited a marked discrepancy (clinically relevant) between the TP diagnosis and the review diagnosis.Three specimens were classified as “other”.DISCUSSION The results of the study show a very high accuracy of the TP diagnosis provided. The TPdiagnoses differed markedly from the review diagnoses based on the original glass slide in only 1.9%of the 212 cases. 89.9% of all cases showed complete concordance between TP and review. Thesefigures are comparable to figures from other evaluations of static image telepathology.Conclusion:1. The results of the study show a very high accuracy (94.7%) of the TP diagnosis provided. TheTP diagnoses 89.9% of all cases showed complete concordance between TP and conventionalreview.2. Problem with image selection show a different picture and occur more often in cases with markeddiscrepancies between TP and review - χ2-test shows significant correlation (p<0.001).

Mental health team includes a psychiatrist, a psychiatric nurse, psychologist and social workers. Mental health workers are more stressful than other sector’s workers. Mental workers are working with mental patients, who have chronic,severe and poor prognosis disorders for long time, and may have Work Burnout Syndrome (WBS). Worldwide, many researches are used Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) for assessing WBS. Our goal was to detect risk factors of WBS among mental health workers. We conducted the survey among workers mental (doctors, nurses and assistant nurses) and study design was a descriptive cross-sectional. We are used a questionnaire, is including MBI. Our subjects were 103 workers, who were 27 (26,2%) doctors, 32 (31,1%) nursesand 44 (42,75) nurse- assistant. They were 15 (14,6%) male and 88 (85,4%) female and average age was 38.21 (SD = 8.92). The worker’s average professional working year was 13.09 (SD = 9.76). Most of subjects (n=63 61.2%) were shift-workers and they (n=99 96.1%) have high workload. We determined 3 groups by level of MBS among mental workers, such as the group with EE’s high scale (n = 27; 27%), thegroup with DP’s high scale (n = 23; 22.8%) and the group with PA’s high scale (n = 50; 50.5%).MBS was high among NMHC’s workers. However their work time is low, but theyhave risk factors for MBI such as high workloads, shift work, number of patients. Workers of emergency department had termination burnout syndrome more than other acute departments. This was associated with working condition.

BACKGROUND. As of 2015 39,1% of all new cancer cases in Mongolia were HCC having the highest prevalence and it has increased by 4% to the previous year. (Health indicator – 2015, CHD). Although there are quite a lot researches have been done on general cause and impacting factors of HCC, the relevance between the mechanism leading to eventual cancer and the risk factors is still unknown yet. PURPOSE: To define the relevance of the beta-catenin and P53 expression in HCC with the risk factors of HCC in Mongolia. RESULT: 1. 50% of HCV infection in men is related with alcohol consumption and 40% alcohol combined with tobacco consumption. HBV infection has relevance of 46% with tobacco and 52,8% with alcohol consumption. 2. In the first phase of research in 21 HCC cases beta-catenin was identified in cell nucleus and cytoplasm after immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSION: 1. It was to observe that HCV infection is commonly combined with alcohol consumption in HCC cases. 2. Although beta-catenin expression was high in HCV, HBV infection and alcohol high risk group, the P53 expression was high among alcohol high risk group. Р < 0.05

BackgroundColorectal cancer takes the second place in the highly developed countries morbidity increases, for females it takes place after breast cancer, for males after lung cancer colorectal cancer occupies about 3-5% from the cancer of digestive tract. In the western Europe, united states of America it occuries 12.6% on males and 14% on females, for Pathological structure it occurs mostly in the proximal part and adenocarcinoma is diagnosed 95%. Colorectal carcinoma occurs more at the age of 20-40 but people aged 40-50 are mostly affected and males are affected more. Lately it has tendency of increasing amond the population 40-120 case on 100000 in a year approximately 5-10 people are affected newly. For our country by health statistical information colon cancer was 94 from it 49 occur on females, cancer of rectal and anus canal was 237, from it 99 occur on females, 37 case of colorectal cancer are registered newly in a year approximately, 19 occurs on females cancer of rectal and anus canal was 45 from them 16 are registered newly on females the number of patients with colorectal cancer has tendency of increasing. Among Mongolian population morbidity of colorectal cancer is increasing nowadays but any research has not been done to reveal pathology early and to diagnose. This became base of our research work.GoalAim of our study is to define peculiarity of colorectal cancer and its early pathology and to study some factor of aetiology connectea with cancer forming.Objectives:1. To define peculiarity of pathology of colorectal cancer.2. To diagnose early pathology of colorectal cancer by pathological method.3. To diagnose colorectal carcinoma by international histological classification and determine cell secretion degree.4. To define some genetic peculiarity of factors which affects to colorectal carcinoma.Novelty of research workNovelty of research work is to study colorectal carcinoma and its early pathology in combination with the method of endoscopy and molecular biology.Materials and MethodsIn the research 315 biopsy material of 142 patients with colorectal carcinoma of 2004-2008, 56 biopsy material of colorectal endoscopy of 2007-2008 are involved.1. Histological basic painting method.2. Method of molecular biology. We revealed affect of human papilloma virus infection in 39 surgical and endoscopyic material by using general GP5, GP6, MY11 primer in PSR.ResultsIn our study totally 198 people were involved from them (average age 45.8+ - 0.4), 46.0%(n=91)-male, 54% (n=107) female. If we see people involved in the study by age classification, 8 (5.9%) at the age of 20-29, 21 (10.3%) at the age of 30-39, 39 (19.3%) at the age of 40-49,45 (22.4%) at the age of 50-59, 56 (27.7%) at the age of 60-69, over 70-79 (14.3%). If we see colorectal carcinoma by anatomical location most location was in 45 (22.7%) in sigma, 52 (26.2%) in rectus. Seeing from endoscopic biopsy analyse pathology which involved whole colorectus occupied 10 (35.6%). By international histological classification of cancer which was adopted from WHO. In our study polyp occupies 21 (10.6%), adenoma 24(12.1%), adenocarcinoma 137 (69.2%), metastatic carcinoma 6 (3%), chronic inflammation or with change dysplasia 10 (5.1%). If we see endoscopic biopsy analyse it is 56 (28.3%) of people involved in the research. Hyper plastic polyp 21 (36.1%), adenoma 6 (25%), adenomatous polyp 8 (33.3%) occupces, Tubular adenoma polyp 7 (29.2%), villous adenoma 3 (12.5%) from carcinoma adenomatous carcinoma occupces 98 (71.5%), mucous carcinoma 7 (5.1%), carcinoma with flat cell 8 (5.8%), carcinoma with ring cell 5 (5.1%), carcinoma witout secretion 13 (9.5%), carcinoma with metastases 6 (4.3%), one of factors of etiology which affects to colorectal carcinoma is human papilloma virus. In the biopsy material of surgery and endoscope involved in the research it reveals negative in sensitive primer which reveals all the type of papilloma virus.Conclusions:1. Colorectal carcinoma occurs 19.3% at the age of 40-49, 22.4% at the age of 50-59, 27.7% at the age of 60-69, it has tendency of increasing rohen age becomes older. It occurs 14% over 70.2. By location of anatomy colorectal carcinoma it occupies 50-60% in sigma and rectus.3. Noncarcinomous polyp of colorectal carcinoma is situated in many parts of intestine carcinoma with many polyp occupies 35.6%of total carcinoma.4. By histological classification mostly carcinomous and noncarcinomous carcinoma of epithel and adenomous cell originated occupy.5. Papilloma virus hasn’t been releaved in the sample endoscopic sample.