Vitamin D deficiency is a major health problem worldwide, especially in the elderly, so that an accurate assessment of its prevalence is essential for planning reliable healthcare policy throughout the lifespan. Purpose: The aim of the oncentrationofpresent study wasto assess the25-hydroxyvitamin D 25OHD) across different as well as the mild andmoderate deficiencies ages and genders. Methods: We searched the database of the local Laboratory Information System to retrieve results of 25OHD tests performed on the whole cohort of presumably Mongolian participants aged >22 yrs, who were referred to our laboratory in Gurvan Gal Hospital’s clinical laboratory, a 1-year period (January 2011 - January 2012). Results: Results for 25OHD testing were retrieved for 120 participants. No significant differences between females and males were observed for 25OHD values(20 [4-17.89]ng/ml versus 53 [4-20.06]ng/ml; p=0.3). A non significant variation of 25OHD values was also found by ANOVA analysis throughout 3 age cohorts (22-40, 41-60, >60 yrs), in both genders. In each age group, the values of 25OHD did not significantly differ between genders. Conclusions: We observed a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in a Mongolians. Lifestyle factors, including smoking, and physical activity, were significant predictors of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration.

BACKGROUNDThe use of stem cells for various clinical applications is highly expected and the production of good quality stem cells is very critical for basic studies. In the bone marrow, hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells form a unique niche in which the oxygen tension is low. Hypoxia may have a role in maintaining stem cell fate, self renewal and multi-potency. We investigated whether low oxygen culture would be beneficial for hematopoietic stem cell stemness.METHODSBone marrow cells from 8-10 week aged mice were subjected to hypoxic conditioning by culture for 7days in 20%, 3% and 1% oxygen. For culture,1x105 cell/ml were seeded in colony forming assay in each dish. During the culturing, cell colonies were checked once every three days. Compared to normoxic cells, hypoxic cells weremorphologicallyundifferentiated and counted by Olympus IX71 microscope.RESULTSMore colonies were observed at 3% and 1% oxygen. Statistical significances were identified with granulocytes and macrophage colony (p<0.05) in hypoxic condition.CONCLUSIONSOur data suggests low physiological oxygen culture could improve the stemness of macrophage and granulocytes colony. Long term culture will be necessary to confirm whether low physiological oxygen levels also improve genomic stability.

Vitamin D deficiency is a major health problem worldwide, especially in the elderly, so that an accurate assessment of its prevalence is essential for planning reliable healthcare policy throughout the lifespan. Purpose:The aim of the oncentrationofpresent study wasto assess the25-hydroxyvitamin D 25OHD) across different as well as the mild andmoderate deficiencies ages and genders.Methods:We searched the database of the local Laboratory Information System to retrieve results of 25OHD tests performed on the whole cohort of presumably Mongolian participants aged >22 yrs, who were referred to our laboratory in Gurvan Gal Hospital’s clinical laboratory, a 1-year period (January 2011 - January 2012). Results:Results for 25OHD testing were retrieved for 120 participants. No significant differences between females and males were observed for 25OHD values(20 [4-17.89]ng/ml versus 53 [4-20.06]ng/ml; p=0.3). A non significant variation of 25OHD values was also found by ANOVA analysis throughout 3 age cohorts (22-40, 41-60, >60 yrs), in both genders. In each age group, the values of 25OHD did not significantly differ between genders.Conclusions:We observed a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in a Mongolians. Lifestyle factors, including smoking, and physical activity, were significant predictors of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration.

Background:Mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow and adipose tissue are being applied to tissue engineering and cell therapy. The use of stem cells of various clinical applications is highly expected and the production of good quality stem cells is very critical for basic studies. In the bone marrowmesenchymal stem cells from an unique niche in which the oxygen tension is low. Hypoxia may have a role in maintaining stem cell fate, self renewal and multi-potency. We investigated whether low oxygen culture would be beneficial for mesenchymal stem cell. Results:BMCs from 8-10 week aged, 6 mice were subjected to hypoxic conditioning by culture for 7 days in 20%, 3%, 1% oxygen. For culture 1x106 cell/ml were seeded in media with L-glutamine in each dish. During the culturing, cell colonies were checked once in three days. After cell culture, we stained cells by CD90 then counted CD90 positive cells by fluorescence microscope. More colonies and mesenchymal cells were observed at 3%, 1% oxygen and also colonies were bigger in hypoxic condition. Statistical significances were identified mesenchymal cells (p<0.05) in hypoxic condition. Conclusions:Our data suggests low physiological oxygen culture could improve the differentiation of mesenchymal cells. Long term culture will be necessary to confirm whether low physiological oxygen levels also improve genomic stability.

Background:Laboratory test are done on clinical specimens in order to get information about the health of a patient as pertaining to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease. Laboratory test gives 70% of information to get a right diagnosis. By some study, physiological factors such as diet, stress, exercise and sample collection techniques are influencing 32%-75% of test accuracy and reliability. That is why we want to studyhow nurses follow standard of sample collection techniques in UB.Our study conducted in 5 different hospitals. We observed nursesway of collecting sample from 150 patientsResult:Nurses did not identify patients ID in 80% of patients and did not ask test preparation and diet of 100%. They prepare necessary items to blood draw 95%. Also nurses did not fully follow blood draw standard in such way: hand sterilization, asepticize place of puncture and using bandage. Conclusion:Nurses don’t follow standard of draw blood from vein and did not clarifies patients test preparation. Pre-analysis process is the most influencing factor in the test result. So we have to train nurses to follow their standard of sample collection procedure.