TMJ is a mobile organ that participatesin speaking , chewing , swallowing and other regular movements. Its special characterization and other causes lead to disorders which progress into TMD & headache and those are one of the major concerns of the modern-day1-5.TMJ pain should be differentiated from migraine dependent pain and in both cases Botox injection has recently shown good results. Our study goal was to study use of Botox injection during TMJ and Migraine pain. The study was carried out in MNUMS, School Of Dentistry, PDIC hospital amongst patients with TMJ pain which splint therapy failed to show successful results and in patients with migraine pain. All patients received BOTULAX 200 units (Botulinum Toxin Type A) 20U per 0.1 ml , injected with 1ml syringe and 31G size pin to TMJ and migraine reliantpoints , 10-50U per each spot total of 200U. 15 patients with TMJ , 15 patients with migraine pain received BOTULAX 200 units (Botulinum Toxin Type A) and tested the results after 1 month, 3 months , 6 months, and 1 year periods. The TMJ pain has completely numbed after 1 to 12 months. In patients with migraine dependent pain after 1 month of supervision the suffering has eased down but the patient’s definition of pain was on 3-4 point. After 3 months of surveillance, 15 patients with migraine dependent pain had been relieved of the pain and had not been diagnosed for the following 12 months. The result of our study shows that the Botox injection is effective during TMJ and Migraine dependent pain.

Introduction: We began treatment of multi drug resistant tuberculosis first from 2003. At that time there was a 1960 cases and most of the cases were from Ulaanbaatar, Darkhan, Selenge, Tuv, Dornod provinces. From all the cases only 62% or 1058 cases were included in treatment. From that 336 patient or 19% deceased, 296 patient or 18% didn’t get a treatment. We did this study because there were never done any research or study of surgical treatment of multi drug resistant tuberculosis in Mongolia. Materials and Methods: We studied cases of patients who undergone lobectomy, since 2007. There were 48 cases of 46 patients, 2 patients surgery were done on both sides. Respondents aged between 14- 45, 25 male (52%), 23 female (48%), all patients got a first - line anti-tuberculosis treatment, such as cat-1, cat-1+cat-2 and 10 variants of these drugs. It was done based on sputum culture test results of NCCD TB surveillance and research department’s laboratory. Results: From the all patients only 77.08% had undergone surgery within the first 3 years. 92% patients were diagnosed with multi drug resistance TB only with the sputum and sputum culture test results, and the rest of the patients were diagnosed using a tissue analyses on the above tests. It was revealed that HR resistant -91.66%, HR+(Z,E,S) -3 drugs resistant -18.78%, HR+(ZSE)-4 or 5 drugs resistant. In the patients TB lesion locations was on the right upper lobe 54%, left upper lobe 31%, on a both upper lobes 85%, cavernous fibrosis tubercles 60%, combined TB lesions 77%, tubercles 21%.87.5% of total patients received a multi - drug resistant TB treatment between 7 - 24 months prior surgery. All 48 patients had a totally 69 surgeries. Surgeries included 9% pneumonectomy, 28% lobectomy, 30% Wedge resection, 23% pleurectomy decortication, 7% Wedge resection on both sides, one bilobectomy. There were no complications during the surgery but 5 of patients had an empyema after surgery. No fatal cases.Three patients out of 5 who had a surgery due to pulmonary hemorrhage developed an empyema after surgery. Drainage tubes were taken after the surgery within 2-3 months.Therewere no complication and escalations in the patients who received a surgical treatment, after the surgery from 6 months to 5 years. Conclusion: In study it shows that surgical treatment is effective to do after 6 months of anti-tuberculosis drug treatment in multi -drug resistant TB patients.Also it shows that combining of medical and surgical treatment is healing up to 98% in the patients who were rightly chosen according to surgical indications.This research result shows that in our country multi - drug resistant TB surgical treatment complication is only 10.41%, which is below in the other countries who have same anti-tuberculosis drug treatment.

Background: This study radiographically evaluated the performance of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) applied in tooth sockets. Methods: Sixty-eightextractions of bilateral impacted mandibular third molars were performed in 30 patients. In one side the autologous platelet-rich plasma was placed and the other side was filled with a blood clot. Radiographic bone density was quantified 3 times by the same examiner at different moments using ImageJ software, and data was statistically analyzed by SPSS 24.0 software. Results: There was significantly faster bone formation in sockets treated with PRP (P<0.001). Significant healing was observed in the first month (P<0.004), second month (P< 0.001) for the PRP group. Conclusions Use of the autologous PRP method can skip the resorptive phase, and proceed bone regeneration. Thus, to prove the results histomorphometric analysis is preferred.

Introduction: We began treatment ofmulti drug resistant tuberculosis first from2003. At that time there was a 1960 cases andmost of the cases were from Ulaanbaatar,Darkhan, Selenge, Tuv, Dornod provinces.From all the cases only 62% or 1058 caseswere included in treatment. From that 336patient or 19% deceased, 296 patient or 18%didn’t get a treatment. We did this studybecause there were never done any researchor study of surgical treatment of multi drugresistant tuberculosis in Mongolia.Materials and Methods: We studiedcases of patients who undergone lobectomy,since 2007. There were 48 cases of 46patients, 2 patients surgery were done onboth sides. Respondents aged between 14-45, 25 male (52%), 23 female (48%), allpatients got a first - line anti-tuberculosistreatment, such as cat-1, cat-1+cat-2 and 10variants of these drugs. It was done basedon sputum culture test results of NCCDTB surveillance and research department’slaboratory.Results: From the all patients only77.08% had undergone surgery within thefirst 3 years. 92% patients were diagnosedwith multi drug resistance TB only with thesputum and sputum culture test results, andthe rest of the patients were diagnosedusing a tissue analyses on the above tests.It was revealed that HR resistant -91.66%,HR+(Z,E,S) -3 drugs resistant -18.78%,HR+(ZSE)-4 or 5 drugs resistant. In thepatients TB lesion locations was on the rightupper lobe 54%, left upper lobe 31%, ona both upper lobes 85%, cavernous fibrosistubercles 60%, combined TB lesions 77%,tubercles 21%.87.5% of total patientsreceived a multi - drug resistant TB treatmentbetween 7 - 24 months prior surgery.All 48 patients had a totally 69 surgeries.Surgeries included 9% pneumonectomy,28% lobectomy, 30% Wedge resection,23% pleurectomy decortication, 7% Wedgeresection on both sides, one bilobectomy.There were no complications during thesurgery but 5 of patients had an empyemaafter surgery. No fatal cases.Three patientsout of 5 who had a surgery due to pulmonaryhemorrhage developed an empyema aftersurgery. Drainage tubes were taken afterthe surgery within 2-3 months.Therewere nocomplication and escalations in the patientswho received a surgical treatment, after thesurgery from 6 months to 5 years.Conclusion: In study it shows that surgicaltreatment is effective to do after 6 monthsof anti-tuberculosis drug treatment in multi -drug resistant TB patients.Also it shows thatcombining of medical and surgical treatmentis healing up to 98% in the patients whowere rightly chosen according to surgicalindications.This research result shows that inour country multi - drug resistant TB surgicaltreatment complication is only 10.41%,which is below in the other countries whohave same anti-tuberculosis drug treatment.

Background: The first supposition of a possible relationship between occlusion and TMJ (temporomandibular joint) function was suggested by Costen, who hypothesized that changes in dental condition (loss of vertical dimension) can lead to symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Symptoms of temporomandibular disorders are more com mon in women, with a female-to-male ratio ranging from 2:1 to 8:1. Temporomandibular disorders occur in 25-38% of the general population. The reason for conducting this study is that no research has been conducted in Mongolia on the relationship between malocclusion and TMJ. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the association between malocclusion and temporomandibular disorders. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a case-control design, and patients requiring orthodontic treat ment who visited the Orthodontics Department of the Center Hospital of the Dentistry, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences were included in the case group, while relatively healthy individuals with normal occlusion who had not undergone orthodontic treatment were included in the control group. The sample size for each case and control group was calculated to be 20 people, for a total of 40 people aged 20-30. The need for orthodontic treatment was determined by the IOTN index (Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need). Relatively healthy occlusion was defined according to Andrew’s six keys. The condition of the temporomandibular joint was determined using a questionnaire and physical examination. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 24.4±3.7 years in the malocclusion group and 26.0±3.6 years in the control group, 45% (n=8) of the malocclusion group were male and 40% (n=9) of the control group were male. The indicators of malocclusion, such as increased overjet, decreased overjet, increased overbite and mouth breathing were statistically significantly different between the malocclusion group and the control group (p<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that CII (OR=11.66, p=0.007) and CIII (OR=16.33, p=0.017) occlusion, increased overbite (OR=6.87, p=0.025) and mouth breathing (OR=4.22, p=0.042) had an impact on the occurrence of TMJ noise in both vertical and horizontal directions. Conclusions 1. Among the study participants, Angle’s Class I accounted for 50% (the highest percentage), while Angle’s Class III accounted for 20% (the lowest percentage). But Angle’s Class II accounted for 30%. 2. Symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorder were statistically significantly higher in the case group (p<0.05). 3. People with Angle’s Class II and Class III were 11-16 times more likely to develop temporomandibular joint (TMJ) noise, a symptom of TMD, compared to people with normal occlusion.

INNOVATION DENT • VOL. 3 • No.1 • Mar 2017 35 Background Odontogenic infection is defined as most dangerous inflammatory diseases in dental practice, it is believed that the cause of tooth decay disease and its complications currently a major cause of oral infections, or bacterial infection of the main sources of these diseases. Methods Between 2010-2011, odontogenic cellulitis in 21 patients were studied for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria by the Clinic bacterial laboratory in NCCD. Results 21 patients participated, were 10 men and 11 women with odontogenic cellulitis. Aerobic bacteria only were recovered in 3 (14%), anaerobic bacteria were recovered 8 (38%), mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were recovered in 10 (48%). Conclusion A certain percentage of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in odontogenic cellulitis shows simple space infection caused by aerobic bacteria, other complication of odontogenic cellulitis and multiple spaces infection caused by anaerobic and mixed bacterial infection. During dontogenic cellulitis determined high percentage of anaerobic and mixed bacterial infection, thus is our study have shown detection of anaerobic bacterial infection is important clinical significance in dental practice.

Hemangiomas are common benign vascular tumors which about 70% to 80% of the lesions are found in the head and neck region. This study was conducted on 36 children with hemangioma who were referred to Orofacial Surgery Cabinet of Dental School of Health Sciences University of Mongolia and Orofacial Surgery Cabinet of National Center for Maternal and Child Health of Mongolia between 2013 and 2015.Of the 36 children referred for assessment, 72% were female, 55% were infants of 4 to 9 months old, and 83% of them were citizens. 58% of patients underwent cryotherapy,and 57% of patients underwent cryotherapy had 2 therapy sessions. 25% of patients receiver sclerotic therapy, and 67% of them had 2 therapy sessions. According to the locations of hemangiomas 30% of them were localized in infraorbital area. 72% of the participants are women and 55% are children age of 4-9 month which 83% of all participants were living in city. 58% of children with hemangioma are treated with cryotherapy which 57%of treatment finished by second visit. And 25% were treated by dehydration treatment which 67% were finished by second visit.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the epidemiology of oral and maxillofacial surgery patients in Mongolia and advocate guidelines and programs to promote optimal oral health care. A fact-finding epidemiologic study on the patients who visited at Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, at National Hospitals at Ulaanbaatar city and Province and other Central hospitals of Mongolian, from Jan to Dec, 2013.Total 12957 patients treated at inpatients care center at the above mentioned national hospitals. From Ulaanbaatar city were 4284 (36%) and from province were 7673 (64%). Patients from province were treated at FCH 69%, NTORC 6.4%, NCC 11.3%, NCMCH 27% and CMAFH 1.8%. Zero to 16 years, 17 to 36 years, 37 to 56 years and 57 or more years old patients were3072 (27.1%), 4224 (34.2%), 3218 (26.9%) and 1412 (11.8%), respectively. Males and females were 6841 (53%), 6090 (47%). Cases of the inpatients were as follows: infectious disease 5971 (49.88), benign tumor 1039 (8.01%), trauma & injury 1799 (15%), salivary gland disease 2.41%, TMJ disease 2.8%, neuralgia and muscle pain 0.8% and others. 5 provinces have no Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon and patients were referred to other central hospitals or to the Ulaanbaatar city. This study gives a topic of conversation about undergraduate dental education, continuing education and enough specialists in the region.

Background: The main purpose of primary cleft palate repair is to reconstruct anatomical structure with minimal impairment of maxillary growth and normalize velopharyngeal function and feeding process. One of the most common complications after the primary cleft palate repair is velopharyngeal insufficiency, which leads to the subsequent surgery. The velopharyngeal function assessment characterizes speech development in children. Researches noted that velopharyngeal insufficiency causes in 5-86% after primary cleft palate repair. Therefore, it is essential to choose an adequate primary surgical method for each particular type of cleft palate. Objective: To compare velopharyngeal function using nasopharyngoscopy after primary CP repair Materials and Methods: The patients who with congenital cleft palate and, underwent primary cleft palate repair in the Department of Maxillo-facial surgery of the National Centre for Maternal and Child Health and had velopharyngeal function assessment were recruited to the study. Patients with wound dehiscence and oronasal fistula postoperatively were excluded from the study.
Cleft palate was classified according to the Veau system and Golding-Kushner scale of nasopharyngoscopy was used to assess patient’s velopharyngeal function in order to associate with cleft types and the primary palatoplasty techniques. Pearson’s chi-squared analysis and Fisher exact test were used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 335 patients were included in the study. The mean age at primary palate repair was 22.9±13.6 months. There were 56, 42, 177, and 60 patients with Veau-I type, Veau-II type, Veau-III type and Veau- IV type respectively, whereas for primary palatoplasty 65 patients underwent Furlow technique, 148 patients – Mongolian technique, 108 patients – Two flap technique, 34 patients – Von Langenbeck technique.
Nasopharyngoscopy assessment of adequate velopharyngeal function was as followed as by “Furlow” technique in 89.4% cases, ”Mongolian” technique in 62.2% cases but by “Two flap” technique only in 48.1% and Von Langenbeck technique in 47.1% cases. Conclusion The Furlow and Mongolian techniques were superior for maintaining velopharyngeal function after primary palatoplasty.

BACKGROUND OF STUDY: For the past 10 years, accidents and trauma are ranking third in the cause of Mongolian population’s death. Russian scientists have defined that skull and brain trauma comprise of 40% of the total traumas and is one of the serious injuries that have damaging effect to the health. Defining its creation, injury period, death cause in the leading direction of science of forensic medicine in our country are still the urgent issues. Nowadays little research which studied case mortality due to accident and trauma has been studied, this became background of our research work. PURPOSE OF STUDY: To study cause and peculiarity of pathology of case mortality due to brain trauma, in the condition of our country and to consider the result. OBJECTIVE OF STUDY: To study the cause, some risks of head injury. To define pathology of case mortality due to head injury. MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY: We did retrospective study in 555 case material of an autopsy of case mortality of head injury of forensic medicine and research department of national institute of forensic science. Statistical work out was done by Microsoft excel and extensive index. RESULT OF STUDY: 84.5% (n=459) is male and 15.5% (n=86) is female out of our 555 involved cases and the gender ratio is 5:1. The most or 81% of the research participants had head injuries due to hitting with firm and dull stuffs and 15.9% head injury as a result of traffic accident follows in the second place. To analyze from the characteristics of mortality, 93% is subarachnoid hemorrhage, subdural, epidural hematoma, 64% is brain tissue injury were detected. CONCLUSION: Young manhood men mortality that has head injury resulted from the firm and dull things occupies most of the percentage in our research. The head injury can lead to the mortality of his ordinary process.