Headache may develop in flight passengers without underlying pathology even though this type of headache is not included in "The International Classification of Headache Disorders". We report on a case of headache which had developed during airplane landing. A rapid change in the ambient pressure may give rise to headache.
Aircraft ; Barotrauma ; Headache

A self-inflating bag resuscitator is universally used to ventilate patients during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and transfer. This device can be reused after sterilization and reassembly, and the mis-assembly of a resuscitator can possibly happen. We report here on a case of mis-assembly of a resuscitator valve that resulted to barotrauma and instability of a patient.
Barotrauma ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Humans ; Sterilization

Malfunction of the unidirectional valve in a breathing circuit system may cause hypercapnia from the rebreathing of expired gas, ventilation failure, and barotrauma. Capnography is a useful method for monitoring the integrity of the unidirectional valve. We experienced two cases of malfunction of a unidirectional valve which caused leakage and reverse flow, diagnosed early as a change of the capnographic waveform. One case was caused by expiratory unidirectional valve breakage. The other was caused by an incorrectly-assembled inspiratory unidirectional valve.
Barotrauma ; Capnography ; Hypercapnia ; Respiration ; Ventilation

Pulmonary barotrauma during ascent is a common complication in SCUBA diving. One of the most severe forms of pulmonary barotrauma is a cerebral arterial gas embolism(CAGE). It is reported to account for about 30% of diving related deaths. The early recognition of CAGE is very important for the emergency physician because prompt hyperbaric recompression therapy can improve the clinical course. Thus, the emergency physician should know the clinical manifestation of CAGE to apply several treatment modalities early. We report a case of cerebral arterial gas embolism presented with hemiparesis and blurred vision immediately after SCUBA diving at 13 meters.
Barotrauma ; Diving* ; Embolism, Air* ; Emergencies ; Paresis

No abstract available.
Barotrauma* ; Lung Injury* ; Lung* ; Respiration, Artificial*

Colon barotrauma can be mostly caused by elevated intraluminal pressure. Air insufflation during colonoscopy procedure is the most common cause of iatrogenic colon barotrauma. Cat scratch colon can usually be seen in the mild type of colon barotrauma, and colon perforation can be seen in the severe type. We presently report a case of non-iatrogenic colon barotrauma caused by industrial compressed air. Multiple linear mucosal ulcers were noted in the recto-sigmoid colon, but the colon was not perforated. The patient was discharged without any further complications after conservative treatments.
Animals ; Barotrauma ; Cats ; Colon ; Colonoscopy ; Compressed Air ; Humans ; Insufflation ; Ulcer

High frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) has advantage for laryngomicrosurgery that the transit of a small airway tube through the surgical field causes much less interference with surgery. We experienced a case of tension pneumothorax during high frequency jet ventilation. The possible cause of barotrauma in this case was obstruction of gas escape. It is recommened that meticulous care is taken to ensure and adequate pathway for expiration when HFJV is used.
Barotrauma ; High-Frequency Jet Ventilation ; Pneumothorax* ; United Nations ; Ventilation*

An air-compressor system takes atmospheric air, and filters, pressurises and dries it, before delivering it to the pipeline as a medical air. Because the air supplied by the air compressor may be used to wentilate patients or to drive surgical tools, its quality and purity must be carefully controlled. Atmospheric air contains a variable amount of water vapour but always more than is specified for medical air. Water vapour must be removed from medical air since it can damage surgical tools and some ventilators and can condense in low-lying parts of the pipeline system. Reeently we have had experience of pneumothorax by pulmonary barotrauma associated with obstruction of the ventilator exhalational valve. As a result of investigating the possible causes, we concluded the cause as high moisture content in the compressed air due to the malfunctioning air drier and filters. Therefore we submit this case report along with discussion and literature reviews.
Barotrauma ; Compressed Air* ; Humans ; Pneumothorax ; Ventilators, Mechanical* ; Water

In 10 anesthetized and paralyzed rabbits, cardiovascular variabled(blood pressure, pulse rate), rectal temperature and arterial blood gase tension were investigated during high frequency oscillatory ventilation(about 17hz). During high frequency oscillation(HFO) blood pressure, rectal temprerature and blood gas tension remained stable and were not different from the control values( intermittent positive pressure ventilation IPPV). The PaO2/FIO2 ratio remained unchanged during the experiment in spite of changing airway pressure. We observed that HFO provided adequate ventilation and oxygenation without altering cardiovascular dynamics. High frequency oscillatory ventilation appears to be a promising new way of achieving gas exchange with minimal risk of barotrauma to the lung.
Barotrauma ; Blood Pressure ; Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation ; Lung ; Oxygen ; Rabbits ; Ventilation*

Congenital tracheal stenosis is a rare life-threatening obstruction in infancy and childhood. Symptoms are ranged from recurrent stridor and wheezing to severe respiratory compromise and hypercarbia. If the patient with tracheal stenosis, who has hypercarbia, is hyperventilated to maintain normocarbia, air is trapped in the lung and the risk of pulmonary barotrauma is increased. Cardiopulmonary-bypass is recommended for this patient to have corrective surgery. Permissive hypercapnia is proposed for the mechanical ventilation of patients with severe tracheal stenosis before cardiopulmonary-bypass.
Barotrauma ; Carbon Dioxide ; Humans ; Hypercapnia ; Lung ; Respiration, Artificial ; Respiratory Sounds ; Tracheal Stenosis*