[Objective]The purpose of the review was to summarize the research progress on traditional Chinese medicine to prevent and treat scar and its mechanism in recent 10 years. [Methods]Retrieving the literature of the past 10 years on Chinese medicine to prevent scar , it is to summarize scar mecha-nism of prevention and cure both in vivo and in vitro experiments. [Result]Main mechanism of preventing and treating scar by traditional Chinese medicine is through studying fibroblasts and col agen. The specific mechanism is that Chinese medicine can inhibit the growth of scar fibroblasts in a con-centration-time-dependent manner, so as to reduce the scar tissue and control of infection and other complications; Additionly, by adjusting the levels of col agenⅠ,Ⅲ, Chinese medicine can regulate synthesis of col agen, reduce scar, and improve the quality of wound repair. [Conclusion]Traditional Chinese medicine has certain advantages in preventing and treating scar, but needs to further standardize methodology to broaden ideas. So Chinese medicine has a promising furure on anti-scar in the clinic.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of CT scanning combined with ultrasound technique in diagnosis of malignant bone tumor.Methods 100 patients with malignant bone tumor were randomly divided into control group(50 cases with CT scan),and observation group (50 cases received CT scanning combined with ultrasound technology).The diagnostic accuracy rate,tumor bone formation and destruction of bone,periosteal reaction and soft tissue mass were compared between the two groups.All results were judged by the results of MR.Results Diagnostic accuracy rate of the observation group was 80.0％ (40/50),which was significantly higher than 64.0％(32/50) in the control group (x2 =4.65,P ＜ 0.05).In observation group,diagnosis of bone destruction in 60 cases,the tumor bone formation 10cases,83 cases of periosteal reaction and soft tissue mass in 40 cases,those in the control group were 40 cases,5 cases,62 cases,30 cases,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(x2 =4.86,5.71,6.21,5.22,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The combination of CT and ultrasound in the diagnosis of malignant bone tumors had high diagnostic accuracy rate,and could guide clinical treatment.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)in knee synovial membranes and synovial fluids whether it could be a marker for progressive osteoarthritis.MethodsKnee synovial membranes and synovial fluids of patients with osteoarthritis who were underwent total knee arthroplaaty or arthroscopy were collected. They were classified into four groups according to the radiographic grading[Kellegren-Lawrence(K-L) grade]. Appoint K-L-0-grade patients who suffered from menisci injuries only served as controls. The levels of VEGF in the synovial fluid were measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and VEGF-secreting cells were identified by immunohistochemistry.ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. ResultsVarious degrees of inflammation could be found in all the samplesevaluated histologically on HE-stained sections. Synovial tissue inflammation presented as synovial lining thickening, and inflammatory cells infiltration. VEGF expressed in the synovium linings and surrounding blood vessels. The VEGF levels in the synovial fluids were increased accordingly with K-L grades, which reached the peak level in the late stage of osteoarthritis. The levels of VEGF in the synovial fluids were significantly higher in patients with osteoarthritis[from (1181±116), (1632±140) to (2252±216) pg/ml]than in those with menisci injury (P＜0.01); The percent ages positive cell in each groups were (5±4)％ , (9±4)％,(16±6)％ and (21±6)％ respectively, there were significantly differences too (P＜0.01). ConclusionVEGF originated from synovial tissue may play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. High levels of VEGF in the synovial fluids can be regarded as the marker of active osteoarthritis.

To determine the bufalin concentration in rats' plasma by establishing a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method, and to evaluate and compare the pharmacokinetic characteristics of bufalin-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (bufalin-BSA-NP) and bufalin.

Objective To investigate the experience of diagnosis and treatment of abdominal penetrating injury with large vessels damage.Methods The clinical data of 18 patients with abdominal large vessels injuries in our hospital from Jan 2003 to oct 2014 were analyzed retrospectively.Results 18 cases of large vessels injuries,accounting for 16.21％ during the same period of all penetrating wounds (18/111),emergency laparotomy was performed.There were 8 cases of arterial injury,4 cases of concurrent arteriovenous injury,6 cases of venous injury,Arterial and venous broken walls were repaired,splenic artery and venous ligation and splenectomy were performed.Vascular repair success rate was 100％,Intraoperative blood loss was 500-6 000 ml,average (3 750 ±670) ml.Operating time varied from 2.5 to 7 h,average (3.9 ±0.8) h.All patients were cured.12 cases were followed-up for 2-36 months,mean follow-up time was (15 ± 7) months,ultrasonography showed normal blood flow without complications.Conclusions Emergency surgical exploration and limited fluid resuscitation is the most effective therapy in abdominal penetrating injury involving large vessels.

Locoweeds are presently defined as those species of the genera Oxytropis and Astragalus (family Leguminosae) that specifically contain the key toxic constituent,swainsonine.After ingesting locoweeds,livestock can develop poisoning disease characterized by chronic dysfunction of the nervous system,which causes severe economic losses to the pastoral areas.In addition,swainsonine has attracted a great attention from toxicology and medicine fields,due to its dual role of toxicity and pharmacological activity.This review not only summarizes the latest research progress of toxicity and its poisoning mechanism,pharmacological activity,source,and biosynthesis pathway of swainsonine,but also speculates the possible regulatory enzymes involved in the synthesis pathway.Moreover,the future research on swainsonine is also looked ahead,which provide references for the prevention and treatment of locoism.

Bones are stained into red color with feeding madder, but we do not know whether the fed madder can change the bone biomechanical properties and bone mineral contents in animals. In this research, we established a rat model with feeding madder. The bone biomechanical properties were detected by universal material mechanics, bone mineral contents were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and spectrometer, and red color material in bone was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that bone biomechanical parameters in femur diaphysis in the 10% and 15% group rats were significantly higher than those in the control group after feeding madder for 6 months. The level of calcium, magnesium and zinc in femur diaphysis in 10% and 15% group rats were higher than those in the control group after feeding madder for 6 months. However, it was shown that the kidney congestion and hyperemia and the level of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine in the 15% group rats were significantly different compared to those in the control group rats after feeding madder for 6 months. The red colored material in bone is related to alizarin analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography. The conclusion could be drawn that feeding 10% madder in diet was not toxic to the rats fed for 6 months, and it could improve bone biomechanical properties and increase bone mineral elements.
Animals ; Anthraquinones ; toxicity ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Density ; Bone and Bones ; drug effects ; physiology ; Calcium ; Femur ; Magnesium ; Rats ; Zinc

We have evaluated the plague epidemic situation in the Three Rivers Source Region,Qinghai Province in recent 20 years to provide the basis for revising the plague prevention countermeasures.We have analyzed the time distribution and the plague epidemic situation between animals and human beings during twenty years in the Three Rivers Source Region,Qinghai Province by describing epidemiology.The animal plague in the natural source of Marmot plague was extremely serious in the Three Rivers Source Region during the past 20 years.It mainly distributes in Yushu State and Tanggula County,Germu City and the serious season ran through the whole period of marmot camp ground activities and the peak was between June and August.Human plague epidemic took place between May and October each year and reached its peak between July and September.The peak covered about 41.67％ at most.It mainly endemic distributes in Nangqian and Xinghai Country.During the past 20 years,we have totally found 14 human plague epidemics in the Three Rivers Source Region,among which 48 cases took place and there were deaths of 17 cases.The fatality rate was 35.42％.The lung type was the majority among 48 cases,which startde with the glandular type.During the past 20 years the plague epidemic has been active and the animal plague epidemic broke out continuously in the Three Rivers Source Region,Qinghai Province.The variety of animals and insects infected the plague epidemic was increasing.The human plague epidemics is most serious with high fatality rate,but it is on the decline as a whole.

The structure genes spike (S), nucleocapsid (N), membrane (M), small membrane (sM) of a porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) strain DX isolated in Gansu province, North-west of China, were cloned, sequenced and compared with published sequences of PEDV strains. The nucleotide sequences encoding the entire S, sM, M and N genes open reading frame (ORF) of DX were 4 152, 231, 681 and 1 326 bases long respectively. There were transcription regulatory sequences (TRSs) upstream of the initiator ATG of the S, N and M genes. The amino acids sequences of S, M and N contained 30, 3 and 7 potential asparagine (N)-linked glycosylation sites. Homologous analysis and phylogenetic trees showed that DX had the closest relationship with strains LJB/06, JS-2004-2Z and CH/HLJH/06 that were also isolated from China and indicated the prevalence of some PEDV isolates in China were widespread since the JS-2004-2Z strain originated from the south of the China, and LJB/06 and CH/HLJH/06 were isolated from northeast China. The N gene was cloned using two primers which contained Nco I and BamH I restriction enzyme sites and subcloned into expression vector pET30a. The recombinant plasmid was then transformed into E.coli Rossta. SDS-PAGE showed there was a protein of about 55kDa as expected and Western blot indicated the N protein had biological activity.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic characteristics of extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumor (E-MRT) with emphasis on diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

METHODSThe clinical and pathologic data of 8 E-MRT cases were reviewed. The outcome was analyzed.

RESULTSThere were four males and four females. The age at presentation ranged from 3 days to 8 years (mean, 2.6 years; median, 3 years). The tumors were located in the extremities (n = 1), head and neck (n = 2), trunk (n = 2), cervical cord (n = 1), liver (n = 1) and retroperitoneum (n = 1). Histologically, the tumors were composed of a diffuse proliferation of rounded or polygonal cells with eccentric nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and glassy eosinophilic cytoplasm containing hyaline-like inclusion bodies, arranged in sheets and nests. Cellular atypia was easily observed and mitotic activity was high. Necrotic and hemorrhagic areas were abundant. On immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells expressed vimentin and epithelial marker such as EMA, AE1/AE3, and CAM5.2. The absence of INI1 protein expression was a distinctive feature. Follow-up of all eight cases revealed five deaths in one year and the other three were disease-free at last follow-up of one month, three months and seven months.

CONCLUSIONSE-MRT is a rare and highly aggressive tumor of infancy and childhood. Recurrence and distant metastasis was common and the 5-year survival rate is low. Increased awareness of the clinocopathologic features and immunophenotypes of E-MRT is helpful for correct diagnosis and effective treatment.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Extremities ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rhabdoid Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Vimentin ; metabolism