Objective To conduct the global assessment of methylated DNA status of CpG islands. Methods The modified AIMS (amplification of inter-methylated sites) technology was adopted, which mainly included 3 groups of isoschizomers (methylation-sensitive and methylation-insensitive restricted enzymes). The comparison analysis of methylome among 3 concentrations (6%, 8%, 10%) of polyacrylamide with 8M urea denaturing sequencing gel and the digestion effect among 3 groups of isoschizomers were carried out. The results of personal molecular imager FX system and autoradiography were also compared. Results Genome-wide detection of methylome of CpG islands might be the technical basis for the subsequent analysis. The resolving power and scope bands in 6% polyacrylamide denaturing sequencing gel were superior to those in gels with the other two concentrations. 3 groups of isoschizomers could meet the need of genome-wide detection of methylome of CpG islands. Personal molecular imager FX system and autoradiography could be used together, and they compensated each other. Conclusions The optimized AIMS technology is a kind of high-throughput method to analyze methylome, which is simple, specific, and easy to handle. The 3 groups of isoschizomers can cover most of CpG islands for genome-wide detection and get the ideal results. Only a small quantity of genome DNA is enough to meet the need of clinical detection.

Objective To explore histopathological features of the atypical hyperplastie thyroid epithelial cells (TEC) in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), and to investigate its association with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods Thirty cases of HT with atypical hyperplastie TEC and 50 cases of PTC were selected from archives, the comparatively normal follicles around thyroid adenoma and in HT served as eontroi group. The morphological changes in HT were observed and the expressions of CK19. PCNA, Bcl-2 were detected by Max-Vision immunohistochemistry techniques. The results were analyzed by Chi-square test. Results The atypical hyperplastic TEC in HT showed some PTC-like features such as crowded cells, nucleus enlargement and ground glass appearance in the nucleus. As compared to the control, CKI9, PCNA and Bcl-2 were positively expressed in both atypical hyperplastic TEC in HT and PTC cells (P<0.05). Conclusion The atypical hyperplastic TEC in HT showed some morphological and immunological features of PTC, with the PTC specific marker CK19 expression,suggesting that the atypical hyperplastic TEC in HT may link HT with PTC, leading to malignant transformation,which should be closely watched.

BACKGROUND:The previous literatures have reported that the aneurysmal bone cyst has a high recurrence rate after curettage treatment.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of less invasive stabilization system plate fixation combined with bone cement in the treatment of distal femoral aneurysmal bone cyst.
METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted in 19 patients with distal femoral aneurysmal bone cyst who treated with less invasive stabilization system plate fixation combined with bone cement in the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao between January 2002 and January 2012. The purpose of the treatment of aneurysmal bone cyst was to completely remove the cyst and prevent recurrence, and to repair and reconstruct the structure and function of the damaged tissues through implant fixation.
RESUTLS AND CONCLUSION:The 19 patients were fol owed-up for 1-3 years after treated with less invasive stabilization system plate fixation combined with bone cement, and 18 cases recovered wel , one case had recurrence at 2 years after treatment. Complete removal of aneurysmal bone cyst is the key for the prevention of recurrence. The less invasive stabilization system plate is the combination of advantages of intramedul ary nail and the biological locking plate technology, which has many advantages in the treatment of aneurysmal bone cyst. Fil ing the lesion area with bone cement had certain kil ing effect on tumor, and can increase the bone strength in the lesion area. The surgical treatment of distal femoral aneurysmal bone cyst is to clear the cystic lesions firstly, and then to prevent the recurrence through less invasive stabilization system plate fixation combined with bone cement.

BACKGROUND:Complex scapular fractures were mainly treated by implant fixation. Standard fixation approach (Judet approach) had long incision and big trauma. With the application of spiral CT and three-dimensional reconstruction, minimal y invasive incision could be designed before implant fixation, and then fixation could be finished by physicians. Thus, trauma was reduced and repair effect was elevated. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of the three-dimensional reconstruction design combined with titanium plate reconstruction or lag screw for treatment of scapular fractures. METHODS:From February 2007 to January 2012, 33 cases of scapular fractures were enrol ed from Department of Orthopedics, No. 1 Hospital of Qinhuangdao in China. They were scanned by three dimensional reconstruction of CT before implant fixation to identify the regions needed to be repositioned and fixed. Thus, minimal y invasive incision of implant fixation was designed. The dissection of skin, subcutaneous tissue and muscle was reduced. Reposition was performed. Titanium plate and/or lag screw were used for fixation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The operation lasted for 90-130 minutes in 33 patients, with intraoperative blood loss for 300-400 mL. Fracture was total y healed, and the healing time was 2-4 months. The fol ow up lasted for 12-24 months. According to Hardegger standard, there were excellent in 17 cases, good in 12 cases, average in 3 cases and poor in 1 case, with an excellent and good rate of 88%. These results suggested that three-dimensional reconstruction design combined with minimal y invasive incision treatment for scapular fractures showed fewer traumas, can complete the satisfactory fracture reduction and implant fixation, and obtain good repair effect.

With the wide application of acupuncture in the world, the research results of neurosciences have made scientific approval on some of efficacy and mechanism of acupuncture, and the concept of western medical acupuricture (WMA) is gradually developed. During the spread of Chinese acupuncture into western countries, WMA is an adaptive improvement when facing basic theories of western medicine including anatomy, physiology and pathology as well as evidence-based medicine system. WMA which is based on theory of muscle trigger point has obvious efficacy on muscular fasciae pain, which attracted wide attention. But when Chinese acupuncture spreads into western world, the theories of Chinese acupuncture such as meridian and specificity of acupoint are questioned due to the results of western clinical study. In this paper, the origin, theory development, stimulating location and method, and categories of diseases of WMA are compared with Chinese acupuncture, and the enlightenment of this difference on Chinese acupuncture research is analyzed.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Humans ; Meridians ; Trigger Points

Optimum research on famous TCM doctors’ experienced prescriptions can optimize the composition of prescriptions which originated from experienced prescriptions, clarify the functions of indications and efficacy features of experienced prescriptions. Case report forms which are normally adapted to clinical new medicine study cannot meet the demand of observational study to optimize experienced prescriptions. This article expounded design features, structure elements and collection timing and proposed requirements for information collection through practice of case report forms in the optimum research on famous TCM doctors’ experienced prescriptions, with a purpose to realize the optimization of experienced prescriptions through observational study on famous TCM doctors’ experienced prescriptions and provide evidence for further clinical research on experienced prescriptions.

How to discover the valuable knowledge from the large amount of prescription data accumulated in the long-term medical practice of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is one of the important contents of TCM modernization.Based on the prescription data of Xue' s clinical practice of many years,this paper explored the method of combining TCM network and prescription network to find out Xue' s common core drug combination.Based on 9,584 prescriptions in the Hospital Information System of Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,prescription network and drug network were constructed according to the similarity of prescription composition and drug co-occurrence relationship.Using the complex network analysis methods,such as community analysis method,to analyze the prescription and drug compatibility,the results were evaluated and analyzed by Xue and his successors.As a result,through complex network analysis,126 modular prescriptions and 4 TCM modules were obtained.One of the core components of the prescription module included Xiao Chai Hu decoction,Yin Qiao powder,and Sheng Jiang powder compound addition and subtraction.It was in consistent with the drug composition of exogenous febrile prescriptions excavated earlier.In conclusion,using the complex network methods,we can get some core drug combinations prescribed by Prof.Xue,and achieve the common compound core drug combination for treating diseases with certain vantages,laying a foundation for further inheriting and excavating Xue' s effective experience.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of motivational interviewing (MI) on the illness perception in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: Totally 160 patients after PCI were randomly divided into two groups. The patients in the control group (n=85) received routine education, while patients in the intervention group (n=75) were received 4 times MI (during hospitalization, before discharge, 1 month after discharge, 3 months after discharge), 20 min for each time. Illness perception was appraised before and after the intervention in both groups. Results: The mean scores of illness perception in the intervention group, including symptom perception, disease perception and cause perception, were 5.85±1.75, 3.65±0.66, 2.85±0.30, which were significantly higher than that of the control group after the intervention, 4.84±1.09, 2.92±0.61, 2.48±0.31, the differences were significantly statistical (t=2.248, 3.717, 3.926, all P<0.05). Conclusions MI is much more effective than routine education on the improvement of illness perception in patients after PCI.

The frontier of science and technology has widely entered the era of studying complexity and regulating complex systems.Especially in medicine,research on the complexity of the human system will attract more scholars'and clinicians'attention.Facing the complexity of the human body system directly,this paper applied the definition of complexity,state estimation,and system control models in modern system science to reveal the unique advantages of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in understanding human body complexity and regulating human body complex systems.Thus,this paper may not only lay a foundation for dealing with complex diseases in the future but also provides new ideas and methods for forming the future medical model.

Objective To investigate the expressions of microRNAs (miRNA) and cytokines in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and analyze their relationship with inflammation. Methods PBMCs were collected from acute hapatitis B (AHB) patients of 3 groups, including acute episode, virus clearance, recover period, and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) of mild, medium, severe type, and HBV-related liver cirrhosis. Each group included 20 patients, and 17 healthy donors were as control. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to measure miRNA146, miRNA155, miRNA181, interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-β,interferon induced gene 54 (ISG54) and interferon regulate factor 5 (IRF5). Comparisons among groups were done by one factor analysis of variance. Results The expression of miRNA155 was high in acute episode of AHB (2. 386± 1. 835), and higher than healthy control (1. 498± 1. 276) (F=1. 137,P-=0. 045), while reduced in acute episode, virus clearance (1. 633±2. 291), and recover period (0. 642±0. 836) (F=2. 122,P=0. 022). The expressions of IFN-α and IFN-β in AHB reduced in acute episode, virus clearance and recover period ( F = 1. 880, P = 0. 038 ; F= 1. 835, P = 0. 048).The expression of miRNA155 in AHB is closely correlated with IFN-α and IFN-β (r = 0. 483, P=0. 004; r= 0. 660, P= 0. 0002, respectively). In addition, in HBV infectious patients, the expression of miRNA155 was correlated with alanine transarninase (ALT), serum bilirubin (TBil) (r=0. 342,P=0. 006; r=0. 322, P= 0. 011, respectively), but not with HBV DNA load. Compared with healthy control (1. 307+ 0. 935), miRNA181 was higher in patients with HBV infection (F= 2. 072, P=0. 045) except AHB in recover period (1. 873±0. 998). There was no statistical difference in the miRNA146 expression between various groups. Conclusions The exprossion of miRNAs might be involved in the host anti-HBV immune response during HBV infection, and closely correlated with expression of IFN-related immune factors.