Inhibitor of growth 4 (ING4) is an important member of anti-oncogene family.The expression of ING4 is significantly lower in many malignancies.ING4 involves in multiple processes,such as tumorigenesis,regulation of cell cycle,cell apoptosis,DNA repair and angiogenesis,which have a significant impact on the progression and prognosis of tumor.ING4 may serve as a promising prognostic maker as well as a potential therapeutic target for cancer.

BACKGROUND: Resveratrol is a naturally occurring phytoalexin present in grapes, peanut and some herbs. It has been demonstrated to produce a variety of biological actions, such as anticancer, antiinflammation. Accumulating line of evidence supported the view that resveratrol may exert protective effect on cardiovascular system. However, its protective mechanism is not completely understood.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anti-ischemic effect and mechanism of resveratrol (Res) on acute myocardial infarction in rats.DESIGN: Randomly grouping paralleled control study.SETTING: Pharmacological Laboratory of Harbin Medical University, Biopharmaceutical Key Laboratory of Heilongjiang Province-Incubator of State Key Laboratory.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in Department of Pharmacology of Harbin Medical University from March 2005 to July 2005.Totally 80 male Wistar rats weighting 250-300 g were selected in this study. Among them, 60 rats after operation successful modeling were randomly grouped into 5 groups: sham operation group, blank control group,resveratrol 5 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg and 45 mg/kg groups with 12 in each group.METHODS: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model was induced by ligation of the anterior branch of the left coronary artery in rat, Sham operation group: The same suture was put through but not ligated. Resveratrol group: Rats were injected with 5, 15 and 45 resveratrol mg/kg provided by Hunan Huaguang Biological Products Company Limited (batch number: 20050221, purity ≥99%) and ligated after 10 minutes. Model group: The same volume saline was injected for 10 minutes and then rats were ligated. Observe and record ST segment of standard limb lead Ⅱ electrocardiogram (ECG)after 1, 5, 10, 15, 30 minutes after ligating the left anterior decendingcoronary artery. After 6-hour ischemia, the infarct size areas was identified with the myocardium by 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) stain; the activities of serum .creatine kinase (CK)and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined by spectrophotometric method; the apoptosis in cardiomyocyte was detected by d-UTP end labeling method mediated with tagged deoxynucleotide transferase in situ (TUNEL); apoptosis-related proteins of Bcl-2, Bax and Fas expression were measured with estreptomicina avidin peroxidase chain. Measurement data were compared with t test.MAIN OUTCOME MEATURES: ST increase; the activities of serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH); the infarct size areas and the apoptosis rate in cardiomyocyte; the. expression of apoptosis-related proteins of Bcl-2, Bax and Fas.RESULTS: All of the 60 rats entered the final analysis. ① ST segment raise in high dosage group was lower than that in model group 1, 5 and 10 minutes after ligation (P ＜ 0.05), and it was also lower than that in model 15 and 30 minutes after ligation (P ＜ 0.05). This effect was dose-dependent. ② Infarct size in each dosage group was smaller than that in model group (P ＜ 0.05). This effect was dose-dependent. ③ The activities of CK and LDH in different dosages of resveratrol groups were significantly lower than those in model group (P ＜ 0.05). This effect was dose-dependent. ④ Apoptosis index in model group was higher than different dosages of resveratrol groups (P ＜ 0.05); The expression levels of Bax and Fas proteins in model group were higher than those in high and middle dosages of resveratrol groups (P ＜ 0.05); The expression level of Bcl-2 protein was lower than that in high and middle dosges of resveratrol groups (P ＜ 0.05).These effects were dose-dependent.CONCLUSION: Resveratrol can protect acute myocardial ischemic injury induced by coronary artery of ligated rats, and the effect is dose-dependent.Effect of resveratrol on myocardial ischemia is related to adjusting expressions of Fas, Bcl-2 and Bax and inhibiting myocardial apoptosis.

AIM To determine the contents of arillanin A,tenuifoliside A and tenuifoliside C in raw Polygalae Radix (root barks),Polygalae Radix duramen,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-processed Polygalae Radix,waterboiling Polygalae Radix and honey-processed Polygalae Radix.METHODS The analyses of 50％ methanol extracts from samples were performed on a 30 ℃ thermostatic Kromasil C18 column (250 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.1％ formic acid flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 330 nm.RESULTS The contents of three oligosaccharide esters were the highest in raw Polygalae Radix,followed by those in honey-processed Polygalae Radix,and those in water-boiling Polygalae Radix were the lowest.These constituents also existed in Polygalae Radix duramen,but their contents were lower than those in root barks.CONCLUSION The ester bonds of oligosaccharide esters in Polygalae Radix may be hydrolyzed during processing,followed by the generation of small molecular organic acids.The medication of whole Polygalae Radix (root barks and duramen) can be taken into consideration in clinical practice to reduce toxicity and enhance efficacy.

OBJECTIVE: To purify and identify HMGB1 secreted by liver cells HepG2 and immune cells U937. METHODS: We cultured the liver cell lines HepG2 and immune cell lines U937, and stimulated them with HMGB1 (400 ng/mL) for 20 h. Then the supernatant was collected. Ultrafiltration centrifugation, CM-Sepharose cation, DEAE-Sepharose anion exchange chromatography, Sephadex G75-gel filtration chromatography, and immunoprecipitation were used for purification. The molecular weight and identity of HMGB1 was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. RESULTS: A sharp stained protein band with a molecular weight of about 26 kD was obtained by SDS-PAGE analysis and shown to be HMGB1 confirmed by Western blot. CONCLUSION High purified HMGB1 can be separated from these two cell lines.
Cell Culture Techniques ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; methods ; HMGB1 Protein ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Hep G2 Cells ; Hepatocytes ; metabolism ; Humans ; Monocytes ; metabolism ; U937 Cells

OBJECTIVE： To study the improvement effects and its mechanism of erythropoietin derivative helix B surface peptide （HBSP） on epirubicin-induced myocardial injury in rats. METHODS： SD rats were randomly divided into control group， model group， erythropoietin （EPO） group and HBSP group， with 10 rats in each group. Except for control group， other groups were given epirubicin 2.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally， once a week， for consecutive 6 weeks to induce myocardial injury model. EPO group and HBSP groups were given rhEPO 5 000 u/kg or HBSP 60 μg/kg intraperitoneally， 3 times a week （one day before medication， first day and third day after medication of epirubicin）， for consecutive 6 weeks. At the beginning of the first administration， the rats were weighed at the 11th week. The cardiac function was measured by echocardiography [left ventricular end-diastolic diameter （LVIDd）， ejection fraction （EF）， fractional shortening （FS） and cardiac output（CO）]. The serum levels of troponin I （cTnI） and amino-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide （NT-proBNP） were determined by ELISA. mRNA expression of PI3K and Akt in myocardial tissue was detected by RT-PCR. The protein expression of p-PI3K and p-Akt in rat myocardium were detected by Western blot. RESULTS： During research period， two rats died in model group， one in EPO group and none in HBSP group. Compared with control group， body weight， the levels of EF， FS and CO were decreased significantly in model group， while the contents of LVIDd and cTnI， NT-proBNP were increased significantly； mRNA expression of PI3K and Akt as well as protein expression of p-PI3K and p-Akt were decreased significantly， above differences were statistical significant （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group， body weight， the levels of EF， FS and CO were increased significantly in EPO group and HBSP group， while the contents of LVIDd and cTnI， NT-proBNP were decreased significantly； mRNA expression of PI3K and Akt as well as protein expression of p-PI3K and p-Akt were increased significantly， above differences were statistical significant （P＜0.05）. Compared with EPO group， the contents of cTnI and NT-proBNP were decreased significantly in HBSP group， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： HBSP can improve myocardial injury in rats as much as EPO， and has less toxity. Their mechanism may be related to the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the effect of long-term exposure of nitrogen dioxide on the incidence of hypertension. Methods: From March to December 2009, 37 386 eligible residents from four cities in northern China (Tianjin, Shenyang, Taiyuan, and Rizhao) were enrolled in a follow-up study by using the random cluster sampling method. Demographic characteristics, lifestyle, history of diseases, and self-report situation of hypertension were collected by using questionnaire. Based on the average annual concentration of NO₂ during the period from the cohort to the onset of hypertension as an estimate of exposure, the effect of NO₂ exposure on hypertension was analyzed by employing Cox proportional hazards model. The interactions between NO₂ exposure and different characteristics (age, sex, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, education, economy, exercise, and fruit intake) were also examined. Results: The baseline age of residents was (43.74±13.78) years, and the body mass index (BMI) was (22.56±2.92) kg/m². During an average follow-up time of 11.40 years, 2 619 (7.0%) new cases of hypertension were reported. The overall mean environmental pollution levels during the study period for the entire cohort was (40.74±17.07) μg/m³. After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, family history of hypertension, socio-economic information, and lifestyle, the hazard ratio (HR) of incident hypertension with a 10 μg/m³ increase of NO₂ was 1.21 (95%CI: 1.18-1.25). Compared with residents aged 60 years and over (HR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.14-1.26), former and current smoking (HR=1.20, 95%CI: 1.14-1.25), and high-frequency fruit consumption (HR=1.17, 95%CI: 1.13-1.21), residents younger than 60 years (HR=1.28, 95%CI: 1.25-1.32), non-smoker (HR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.19-1.27), and low-frequency fruit consumption (HR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.20-1.35) had stronger interaction effect with NO₂ (all P values for interaction<0.05). Conclusion NO₂ exposure may lead to the onset of hypertension, which has a stronger effect on people younger than 60 years old, without smoking history and with low-frequency fruit consumption.