Objective:To investigate the correlation between anthropometric indices and arteriosclerosis detection indicators in the middle-aged and the elderly .Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was made of 1 626 individuals ( diabetics patients 23.37%, hypertensive subjects 39.48% and healthy individuals 37.15%), aged 45 to 90 years [mean age:(61.60 ±10.22) years)] in Shijingshan Dis-trict, Beijing.Their measurements:body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist to height ratio ( WHtR ) .Arterial stiffness was assessed according to brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), intima-media thickness (IMT), augmentation index (AI) and ankle-brachial index (ABI), which were measured by noninvasive detectors and equipment .The correlations between the various indi-cators were analyzed .Results:The percentages of the hypertensive and diabetic groups of central obesity ( male WC>85 cm, female WC >80 cm or WHtR>0.5 ) and of general obesity ( BMI>28 kg/m2 ) were significantly higher than those of the healthy group ( P<0 .01 ) .The difference between the two disease groups was not significant ( P>0 .05 ) .There was a moderate positive correlation between the measures of abdominal obesity (WHtR and WC) and the general obesity indicators (BMI) (r=0.710 and 0.716) .In the healthy group , WC and WHtR showed positive correlation with baPWV , IMT and ABI, and negative correlation with AI 75 .BMI showed positive correlation with IMT and negative correla-tion with AI75 , and no correlation with baPWV and ABI .There was negative correlation between BMI and baPWV in the diabetic group .In the hypertension group , we found negative correlation between BMI and baPWV, maximum IMT, AI75 , and also between WC and AI 75 .The simple regression straight line of baPWV versus the anthropometric parameters showed that the regression equations were y =0 .949 +1.379 x (baPWV vs.WHtR, R2 =0.046, P<0.001) and y=1.133+0.006x (baPWV vs.WC, R2 =0.027, P<0.001), respectively.baPWV and BMI did not have a linear relationship (P =0.62). Conclusion:WHtR and WC are superior to BMI indices in predicting arteriosclerosis .Anthropometric measurements for central obesity are good predictors of cardiovascular risk .

Objective To assess the effect of combined hypertension (HT) and aging on left atrial (LA) size and phasic function.Methods This evaluation was based on the data from a cross-sectional study including 738 subjects with high risk for cardiovascular disease from an urban community in Beijing.Subjects were divided into 3 groups according to age (41-59,60-69 and ≥70 years) and further into HT and non-HT sub-groups.LA volume index were calculated and LA global longitudinal strain in late diastole (Sa),early diastole (Se),and total strain (Stot =Sa + Se),and strain rate in late diastole (SRa),systole (SRs),and early diastole (SRe) were measured using off-line speckle-tracking echocardiography.Results LA volume index increased significantly in HT groups with aging,whereas no changes could be viewed in non-HT subjects among all age groups.LA conduit index (Se and SRe) decreased with aging in both HT and non-HT subjects with more sever in HT subjects than in non-HT subjects in all age groups.The LA conduit index in 41-59 year-HT,and in 60-69 year-HT subjects were comparable with that in 60-69 year-non-HT subjects [Se (11.0 ±4.4)％ vs (11.6 ±4.7)％,SRe (1.0 ±0.4) s-1 vs (1.0 ±-0.3) s-1],and in ≥70 year-non-HT subjects [Se(10.1 ±4.0)％ vs (9.5 ±5.4)％,SRe (0.9 ±0.3)s-1 vs (0.8 ± 0.4) s-1],respectively.LA reservoir (Stot and SRs) and contraction (Sa and SRa) index also decreased with aging in HT but not in non-HT subjects.Conclusions Aging along does not lead to LA enlargement in subjctes,but it does when combined HT.There is synergistic effect of HT and aging on LA volume and phasic function.

Objective To explore the prevalence and clinical and echocardiography features of the basal septal hypertrophy(BSH).Methods Clinical and echocardiography data of 1 056 elderly population in an urban community of Beijing were analyzed.BSH was defined as the thickness of basal interventricular septum ≥1.4 cm and basal septal/mid septal ≥1.3.Data were compared between BSH and non-BSH,and the risk factors of BSH were evaluated.Results The prevalence of BSH in this population was 7.39%(95%CI:5.8%-9.0%).BSH was not associated with current cardiovascular diseases (P >0.05).Its correlates in logistic analysis included male,diabetes mellitus,small end diastolic left ventricular dimension and abnormal left ventricular diastolic function (P <0.05),with OR 0.49(0.29,0.83),1.99(1.18,3.37),2.24 (1.35,3.72),0.39(0.26,0.59),and 1.96(1.01,3.81),respectively.Conclusions BSH is common in elderly community population and not associated with cardiovascular diseases.Its risk factors included male, obesity,diabetes mellitus,small end diastolic left ventricular dimension and abnormal left ventricular diastolic function.

Objective To study the effects of compound factors of simulated weightlessness and noise in spaceship on auditory function ,and the expression of apoptotic marker Caspase -3 in inner ear in guinea pigs ,and study the influence of compound factor above on its hearing loss and apoptosis of inner ear .Methods Thirty -six guinea pigs were randomly divided into four groups ,6 in control group ,10 in simulated weightlessness with noise group (Group A) ,treatment estrogen group (Group B) and prevention estrogen (Group C) ,respectively .All the experiment groups were suspended posterior limb ,with the exposure of the simulated noise circumstance in space-ship .Estrogen prevention group received intramuscular injection of estradiol benzoate for 3 days before the experiment ,while estrogen treatment group was treated in the same way for 8 days from the beginning of experiment to 3 days after the experiment .Bilateral auditory brainstem response thresholds (ABR) were tested in pre- exposure ,post-exposure and 3 -day recovery respectively .Cochleae were obtoined for immunohistochemistry staining to observe the expression of the apoptotic marker Caspase -3 in inner ear .Results At the time point of post -exposure ,ABR threshold in Group B was lower than those in Group A by 14 .5 dB and Group C by 9 dB .For the ABR change of pre ,and post-exposure ,Group B was lower 12 .75 dB than those of in Group A and 7 .75 dB than in Group C .For the ABR change between pre ,and post-recovery ,ABR threshold of Group C was higher than those of in Group A by 14 .5 dB and in Group B by 7 dB .These differences were significant (P<0 .05) .The expression of Caspase-3 was positive in the hair cell ,spiral ganglion cells and stria vascularis of three groups in both post exposure and 3-day recovery .The expression of Caspase-3 in hair cell and stria vascularis was strongly positive in spiral ganglion cells in Group C in post -exposure ,while it was slightly positive in Group B .After 3 -day recovery ,Group A turned to negative ,while Group B and Group C were still in positive expression with an increase of that in post -ex-posure .Conclusion Estrogen treatment could effectively reduce the hearing loss and the apoptosis of inner ear in-duced by the compound factor of weightlessness and noise .Preventive use of estrogen could not produce an instant protection on the hearing loss induced by exposure ,and the apoptosis was enhanced .However ,it speeded up the procedure of recovery and reduced the apoptosis of inner ear .

Objective To detect the protection induced by HPV-58 L2 11-200 AA in animal, and analyze the relationship between antibody or neutralizing antibody titers and the protection generated by the immunizmg agent. Methods The peptide of HPV-58 L2 11-200 AA was expressed in E. coli and the mice were immunized with the peptide after purification and adsorption with aluminum adjuvant. The protection provided by different immunizing doses was detected in the mouse model against the challenge of the pseud-ovirions of human papiilomavirus types 58. The total antibodies and neutralizing antibody titers of serum were tested with ELISA and neutralization assay against HPV-58 pseudovirus, respectively. The total antibodies or neutralizing antibody titers that can protect the mouse from infection were analyzed. Results The mice can be protected from the challenge with HPV pseudovirus when the immunizing dose was 8 μg. The neutralizing antibody can not be detected in the immune serum by neutralization assay against pseudovirus. The total anti-body level has a corresponding relationship with the protection showed in mouse model. The results of total antibodies detected by ELISA showed that when the titer of total antibodies was ≥25 000, luminescent signal can not be detected and the mice can be protected from pseudovirus infection. Conclusion HPV-58 L2 11-200 AA peptide can protect mice from pseudovirus infection. L2 peptide has a promising perspective to be a candidate vaccine and the level of total antibodies in the immune serum can be used as a surrogate for the evaluation of protection against HPV infection.

Objective To evaluate the relationship of left atrial (LA) size and phasic function in hypertension (HT).Methods Data of 589 HT patients in an urban community of Beijing was analyzed.LA global longitudinal strain in late diastole (Sa),early diastole (Se),and total strain (Stot =Sa + Se),strain rate in late diastole (SRa),systole (SRs),and early diastole (SRe) were measured using off-line speckletracking echocardiography analyzing software,and were compared among groups (normal,mild,moderate and severe enlargement) divided by LA volume index.Results LA reservoir parameters[Stot:(21.4 ± 5.8)％,(20.8±5.4)％,(19.7±4.5％),(17.8±7.4)％,P =0.012;SRs:(1.1±0.3)s-1,(1.0±0.3)s-1,(1.0 ±0.2)s-1,(0.9 ±0.3)s-1,P =0.001] and contraction parameters[Sa:(11.7±4.0)％,(11.1 ± 3.3)％,(9.9±2.6)％,(8.9±4.5)％,P＜0.001;SRa:(1.6±0.6)s-1,(1.4±0.4)s 1,(1.3±0.4)s-1,(1.1 ± 0.6)s 1,P ＜ 0.001] deteriorated from normal to severe enlarged LA groups,while conduit parameters (Se and SRe) had no difference (P ＞0.05).Conclusions LA enlargement in HT associated with deteriorated reservoir and contraction function and unaffected conduit function.

Objective To study the in vivo expression and biodistribution of Ad5-Fluc (Adenovirus carrying firefly luciferase genes) in mice.Methods The recombinant Ad5-Fluc virus was constructed and infected to BALB/c or nude mice through three different routes.The protein expression level,tissue distribution and the characteristics of infection were analyzed by in vivo bioluminescence imaging technology.Results Compared to other two routes,the BALB/c mice infected through muscular route had the longest expression cycle (over 60 days) and the highest expression level,while the virus was transferred into the liver and spleen after infection.The nude mice had a significantly extended expression cycle than BALB/c mice.Moreover,the characteristic of liver tropism was eliminated after Ad5 F35 infection in mice,while maintained similar expression efficiency.Conclusion Due to the highest expression efficiency,the muscular route would be the optimal route for Ad5 vector based vaccination.In addition,Ad5F35 virus could become an ideal alternative vaccine vector for eliminating the liver tropism.

OBJECTIVE: To Study the clinical features of congenital microtia and atresia . To evaluate the methods and results of the same microtia surgery, ear canal and middle ear reconstruction. METHOD: Statistically analysis of the data of the hospitalization microtia 62 ears of 58 cases of patient in our department from January 2005 to October 2010 waw conducted. These patients with congenital ear malformations are associated with aural atresia, ossicular chain abnormalities, severe conduction Deafness. All patients received preoperative temporal bone CT examination and reconstruction, hearing examination. Operation was given in two phases, first operation aim to form a line of ear, ear canal reconstruction, ear reconstruction, the second one aim to line of ear skin graft, cranial angle of the ear reconstruction. The preoperative and postoperative data were retrospectively analyzed. RESULT: The auricle plus external auditory canal, middle ear reconstruction came out with a good shape of the ear and the ear canal in close proximity to the normal population. Most patients' hearing were improved after surgery. CONCLUSION Surgeries of patients with congenital ear malformations and aural atresia should be carefully designed according to the three-dimensional reconstruction of multislice spiral CT reconstruction, which can provide information about surgery approach and middle ear abnormality. The whole ear shape and hearing ear after reconstruction are improved after the surgery.
Adolescent ; Angioplasty ; Congenital Microtia ; surgery ; Ear ; Ear Auricle ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Ear Canal ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Hearing ; Hearing Loss ; surgery ; Humans ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin Transplantation ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between normal high blood pressure and carotid artery atherosclerosis.

METHODSThis epidemiological survey was performed in two communities of Shijingshan District of Beijing from 2007 to 2008. A total of 3 324 people were enrolled in the study and 2 895 people with carotid ultrasound survey results were analyzed. Blood lipids, blood pressure, hs-CRP, body mass index (BMI) and other cardiovascular risk factors were obtained. Carotid mean intima-media thickness (IMT) , maximum carotid IMT and carotid plaque were measured by ultrasound. A multiple logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between normal high blood pressure and carotid artery atherosclerosis.

RESULTSThe carotid mean IMT, maximum IMT, incidence of carotid artery plaque increased in proportion to blood pressure level (all P < 0.01) . After adjusting for diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, increased hs-CRP, smoking, sex, age, overweight and obesity, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the OR values of carotid mean IMT and maximum IMT thickening, carotid plaque in high normal blood pressure group were 4.50 (95% CI: 1.04-19.49, P < 0.05), 1.73 (95% CI: 1.35-2.22, P < 0.01), 1.64 (95% CI:1.26-2.13, P < 0.01) compared to normal blood pressure group.

CONCLUSIONHigh normal blood pressure is related with higher risk of carotid artery atherosclerosis in this cohort.

Adult ; Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors

【Objective】 To evaluate the efficacy and safety of different doses and frequencies of oral Sildenafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). 【Methods】 The randomized,open clinical trial included 120 ED patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The patients were randomly divided into the following groups:on-schedule (25 mg/day),on-demand (50 mg,taken irregularly half an hour before each sexual life),new regular group (25 mg/day,50 mg more before each sexual life),regular group (100 mg/time,twice/week). All treatments lasted for 8 weeks. The follow-up indexes included the five-item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5),Erection Hardness Scale (EHS) and Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP2/3). The adverse reactions were recorded. 【Results】 The IIEF-5 scores of the four groups were significantly higher than those after baseline treatment (P<0.001),but there was no significant difference among the four groups (P>0.05). In terms of effective rate,at the 16th week,there were significant differences between the on-demand group (10.7%) and new regular group (62.1%),and between the on-demand group (10.7%) and regular group (50.0%) (P<0.001). In terms of EHS, the percentage of grade 4 patients in regular group was significant higher than that in the on-demand group at the 8th week and 16th week (all P<0.05). In terms of positive rate of SEP-3,there was a significant difference between the on-demand group and regular group (P=0.042) at the 16th week. In the course of treatment,there were transient adverse reactions such as headache,blurred vision,stuffy nose and back pain,which did not affect the treatment. 【Conclusion】 All of the four treatment methods of oral sildenafil showed good efficacy. Both regular group and new regular group maintained good clinical efficacy during the follow-up,which is better than that of the on-demand group. The new regular scheme can be used as a new,safe and effective treatment option.