Objective　 To improve the recognization and the diagnostic accuracy of brachial cleft cyst (BCC) by CT scan. Methods 　CT findings of 10 BCC proved surgically and pathologically were retrospectively reviewed. Results　 BCC，CT number 22～33 Hu；with the enhanced wall and the non-enhanced cystic part. If infections exist，the margin would be obscure and the internal density be increased. These cysts commonly located in the anterior triangle area of the neck or along the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The first brachial cleft fistula was not displayed. Conclusion　 CT scan can not only clearly show the location，enhanced characters and the relationship to the adjacent tissues of the BCC，but also can be possible to make the diagnosis of the BCC，but not the brachial cleft fistula.

Grounding impedance measurement is a traditional proficiency testing programs, 2014 proficiency testing program on the basis of original ability to verify, combined with actual detection need, innovation introduced two verification point of the power input socket and metal plane testing. This paper analyzes and discusses the results of the ability verification in 2014, and puts forward the points of attention and the recommended method of metal plane test.
Laboratories ; standards ; Laboratory Proficiency Testing

Objective To study the role of adiponectin (ADP)post-conditioning in alleviating myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) in 3-week old rats.Methods SD rats (3-week old) were randomly divided into 4 groups by random digits table (n =6):sham group was processed identically except that the left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD) was not ligated;MIRI group was subjected to occlusion of the LAD followed by reperfusion,occlusion for 30 min and reperfusion for 120 min;ADP group was subjected to injection of ADP into femoral vein before reperfusion;LY294002 group (ADP post-conditioning and LY294002) was subjected to injection of ADP and LY294002 into femoral vein before reperfusion.The titer of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),cardiac troponin I(cTnl) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in plasma were observed.The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD)and MDA in myocardial tissue were observed.Results The levels of LDH,cTnI and MDA in plasma of MIRI group was (732.11 ± 111.29) IU/L,(38.05 ± 6.17) g/L and (4.49 ± 0.17) nmol/L,respectively,compared with sham group,the levels of LDH,cTnI and MDA in plasma of MIRI group increased obviously(all P ＜ 0.05);the levels of LDH,cTnI and MDA in plasma of ADP group were (581.72 ± 68.41) IU/L,(20.70 ± 5.43) g/L and (3.10 ± 0.20) nmol/L,respectively;compared with MIRI group,the levels of LDH,cTnⅠ and MDA in plasma of ADP group declined significantly (all P ＜0.05);the levels of LDH,cTnI and MDA in plasma of LY294002 group were (701.10 ±99.59) IU/L,(33.13 ± 4.32) g/L and (4.19 ± 0.46) nmol/L,compared with ADP group,the levels of LDH,cTnI and MDA in plasma of group LY294002 increased remarkably (t =2.477,1.804,2.961,all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with sham group,the SOD level decreased and the MDA level increased in myocardial tissue of MIRI group(all P ＜ 0.05);compared with MIRI group,the SOD level increased and the MDA level decreased in myocardial tissue of ADP group (all P ＜ 0.05);compared with ADP group,the SOD level decreased and the MDA level increased in myocardial tissue of LY294002 group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions ADP postconditioning is perhaps a protective factor for alleviating myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in 3-week-old rats,the protective effect is perherps related to alleviating the damage of the lipid peroxidation by signaling pathway of adiponectin/phosphoinositide-3 kinase/protein kinase B.

Objective To analyze the effects of acute depletion of liver-specific insulin signaling on secretion of apolipoprotein B (apoB) and triglyceride (TG).Methods Based on Cre-LoxP principle,a promoter of hepatic tissue specific albumin gene was inserted into upstream of the cre recombinase gene.Albumin-Cre adenovirus (Ad-CRE) and GFP adenovirus (Ad-GFP) were amplified in 293A cells and purified before intravenous administration to mice.After adenovirus infection for 2 days,4 days and 6 days,blood samples from mice were collected and hepatic tissues were frozen.The secretion rates of hepatic newly synthesized apoB and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-TG were determined by injection of Triton WR-1339.The levels of plasma cholesterol (TC) and TG were measured.The expressions of insulin receptor and other lipoprotein metabolism related proteins in hepatic tissues were analyzed by Western blot.Results After 2 d,4 d and 6 d of the Ad-CRE injection into mice,insulin receptor expression was reduced by 30.50％ (P＜0.05),60.12％ (P＜ 0.01) and 99.54％ (P＜0.001),and VLDL-TG secretion rate was decreased by 20.43％ (P＜0.05),33.63％ (P＜0.05) and 44.21％ (P＜0.01),respectively.Expressions of sterol regulatory binding proteins 1,fatty acid synthase,and the related proteins of VLDL-formation were decreased,but there were no changes in hepatic secretion of apoB100 and hepatic lipids.The hepatic secretion of apoB48 was increased by 35.07％ (P＜0.05) 6 d after Ad-CRE injection.Conclusions Acute depletion of hepatic insulin receptor might reduce VLDL-TG secretion in manner of time-dependent,and increase the assembly and secretion of smaller apoB-containing lipoproteins in mice liver,which is probably associated with decreased lipogenesis.

Objective Establish an experimental model for primary subchondral bone osteoblasts culture of neonatal SD rat's condylar process. Methods Under the condition of sterile,24-hour SD rat was executed and its condylar process was isolated. Removing cartilage layer, the subchondral bone was exposed obviously, then it was cultured with modified repeating enzymatic digestion-adherent explants method. The cellular morphology was identified with invert microscope and immunohistochemistry staining, the osteoblasts were identified by alkaline phosphorase (ALP) staining and calcified nodules staining, and the proliferation of the acquired cells was examined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Results A variety of cell morphologies were observed, such as spindle-shaped, triangular and irregular-shape, and their cell processes were significant. The alkaline phosphatase staining and calcified nodules staining of cultured osteoblasts with mineralized nodules were positive. Cells grew slowly in 1-3 days, and the cells growth reached the highest level at the 8th day. The cells growth trend has gradually slowed down after 8 days. Conclusion The method is an efficient way to culture and obtain purified neonatal SD rat's subchondral bone osteoblasts with typical characteristics.

AIM: To explore the effects of 5-HT and electrolytes on the airway remodeling in guinea pigs with bronchial asthma.METHODS: 70 guinea pigs were divided into 7 groups: control group,model group,continued model group,5-HT group,anti-5-HT group,high Mg~(2+) group,low Mg~(2+) group.Remodeling model was established with ovalbumin.RESULTS: ① In model group,5-HT of serum and thickness of airway walls were significantly increased compared with control group(P

Objective To estimate the appropriate margins for the clinical target volume (CTV) with or without online correction using cone-beam CT(CBCT) during the processs of radiation for non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients. Methods Eight patients with NSCLC treated with three-dimensional conformal ra-diotherapy(3D-CRT) were investigated, kV CBCT scans were performed before and immediately after radio-therapy. Then analysis of these images was performed using automatic and manual registration of the CBCT and planning computed tomography images. The patient positioning and organ motion were corrected by moving the couch in the left- right (X), cranio- caudal (Y), and anterior- posterior (Z) directions accordingly, and CBCTonline-guided correction data were recorded. The clinical study performed 2-3 times per week. CBCT data ac-quired before treatment delivery were used to evaluate the positioning error and organ motion, and that acquired after treatment were used to assess intrafraction tumor displacement and organ motion. These data were used in a standard formula to calculate CTV-to-PTV(planning target volume) margin of online-guided correction and non-online-guided correction. Results Total of 143 sets of CBCT images were analyzed. On the condition of non- correction, the margins required to account for total errors were 8 mm, 9 nun, 11 mm in X, Y and Z direc-tions respectively. When the tumor was corrected every fraction, margins required to account for intrafraction errors were 2 mm in each directions. Conclusion There are some extent of errors from positioning and organ motion in 3D-CRT for NSCLC. Online correction approach based on CBCT images analysis can be used to re-duce the impact obviously and to estimate the appropriate margins for the CTV.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of online and offline cone-beam CT (CBCT) guided radiotherapy for lung cancer. Methods Fourteen patients with lung tumor treated by three-dimen-sional conformal radiotherapy were investigated. Online kV CBCT scan,image registration and setup correc-tion were performed before and immediately after radiotherapy. CBCT online-guided correction data were used to calculate the population-based CTV-PTV margins under the condition of non-correction and correction in every fraction respectively. The numbers of initial images and the population-based CTV-PTV margins af-ter the offline compensation of the system setup error were evaluated with the permission of 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm maximal residue error,respectively. Results Under the condition of non-correction,the required mar-gins for total error were 5.7 mm,8.0 mm and 7.8 mm in the left-right(x axis) ,cranio-caudal(y axis) and anterior-posterior(z axis) directions, respectively. When the tumor was corrected in every fraction, the re-quired margins for intra-fraction error were 2.4 mm,2.4 mm and 2.3 mm in x,y and z axes, respectively. To correct the systematic setup error,9 sets of CBCT images for 3.3 mm,3.7 mm and 3.6 mm PTV margins, and 7 sets of CBCT images for 3.9 mm,4.3 mm and 4.3 mm PTV margins in x,y and z axes were necessary when 0. 5 mm and 1.5 mm maximal residue errosr were permited respectively. Conclusions Both of the online CBCT correction and the offline adaptive correction can markedly reduce the impact of setup error and reduce the required PTV margins accordingly. It is feasible to deliver the online and offline image guided ra-diation for patients with lung tumor.

Objective To examine the expression of angiopoietin-2(Ang-2) in squamous carcinoma of esophagus,and discuss the relationship between Ang-2 and microvessel density(MVD)and clinical pathological features of squamous carcinoma of esophagus.Method The expression of Ang-2 and CD34 in 80 squamous careinoma of esophagus and 25 normal esophagus were detected by immunohistochemistry SABC technique,and the MVD of tissues signed by CD34 was counted.Results The expression of Ang-2 in squamous carcinoma of esophagus was,higher than that in normal esophagus (P<0.05).The expression of Ang-2 in the stage O-I and II squamous carcinoma of esophagus was lower than that in stage Ⅲ and lV(P<0.05).The expression of Ang-2 in squamous carcinoma of esophagus was correlated with differentiation of esophageal carcinoma and lymph node metastasis and infiltrative deepness.There was a remarkable posidve correlation between the expression of Ang-2 and MVD in squamous carcinoma of esophagus (r=0.603,P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of Ang-2 may be elated to the development of squamous carcinoma of esopha- gus,and may promote the development of squamous carcinoma of esophagus by promoting angiogenesis in tumor.

Objective To detect the relationship between apical rotation and apical myocardial structure.Methods To observe the change of apical rotation,14 mongrel dogs were heated at apexes,and half and three quarter of apical wall thicknesses were destroyed according to their corresponding heating time.Ultrasonic tissue Doppler imaging was used to record the velocities of apical rotation.Computer programming was applied to calculate apical rotation according to the formulas of apical rotation calculation.Apical rotations were compared between before apical heating,half and three quarter of apical wall thicknesses destruction,respectively.Results Compared with the apical rotation before heating,apical rotation after half of apical wall destroyed decreased [(5.2±3.1)°vs (12.4±2.9)°,P＜0.001];but after three quarter of apical wall destroyed,the apical rotation increased [(7.3±3.6)°vs (5.2±3.1)°P＜0.01].Conclusions Outer part of apical myocardium was outer layer myocardium of which the damage leads to the decrease of apical rotation;inner part of apical myocardium was inner layer myocardium of which the damage leads to the increase of apical rotation to some extent.