p53 Gene and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) are both related closely to the ra-diotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). The life span of NSCLC patients with both p53 and PCNA positive is shorter than that of NSCLC patients with both p53 and PCNA negative. Studying the expression of p53 and PCNA in NSCLC, and their relationship with the radiosensitivity and prognosis of NSCLC can play a positive role in individualized treatment and increasing curative effect.

Objective To investigate the role of the expressions of APC,bcl-2 and c-met gene in the progress of gastric cancer and their significances in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer.Methods The immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expressions of APC,bcl-2 and c-met gene in 30 cases of human gastric carcinoma(GC),30 cases of intestinal metaplasia(IM),30 dysplasia(Dys) gastric mucosa,10 gastric adenoma(GA) and 20 normal gastric mucosa.Results ①The positive expression rates of APC in GC,IM,Dys and GA(53.3%,67.7% and 53.3%,respectively) were significantly lower than those in normal gastric mucosa(90.0%,P

Objective:To express and purificate catalytic domain of murine?-1,3-galactosyltransferase and provide the feasible method in the tumor cell surface production ?-gal epitopes..Methods:This research established expression system in pET-15b to express catalytic domain of murine ?-1,3-galactosyltransferase,then identified its activity by HPLC with anion exchange column.Results:(1)Constructed successfully recombinant ?-1,3-galactosyltransferase catalytic domain with His-tag.(2)?-1,3-galactosyltransferase with His-tag in a soluble form was expressed and purificated effeciently.(3)Its activity by HPLC with anion exchange column showed.Conclusion:This research shows ?-1,3-galactosyltransferase in a soluble form has been expressed successfully.

Objective: To explore the related risk factors of perioperative pulmonary infection in elderly patients with hip fracture. Methods: From June 2010 to June 2017, 576 patients with hip fracture (age≥70 years) admitted in Beijing Fengsheng Special Hospital of Medical Traumatology and Orthopaedics were selected retrospectively.According to whether perioperative pulmonary infection occurred, 576 patients were divided into two groups: pulmonary infection group (n=145), non-pulmonary infection group (n=431). The clinical features were compared between the two groups.SPSS20.0 software was used for data processing.χ² test was used for comparison between groups.Logistic regression model was established to screen out independent risk factors. Results: Single factor analysis showed that older age [(82.46±5.56)years vs.(79.22±6.51)years, t=-5.381, P=0.000)], anemia (65.51% vs.31.55%, t=50.696, P=0.000), hypoalbuminemia (55.86% vs.18.10%, χ²=75.557, P=0.000) and heart failure (44.14% vs.13.69%, t=65.242, P=0.000) were independent risk factors of perioperative hip fracture. Conclusion The occurrence of perioperative pulmonary infection in elderly patients with hip fracture is the outcome of combined action of multiple factors.Old age, hypoalbuminemia and heart failure are the independent risk factors for perioperative pulmonary infection.

Objective To study the mediating effect of psychological defense mechanism between personality and depression or anxiety in postgraduate entrance re-examinee. Methods 496 examinee in entrance re-examination of medical postgraduate were investigated by applying Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory(MMsion and anxiety(r=0. 107 ～0. 668, P＜0.05). Psychological defense mechanism was remarkably correlated with depression and anxiety(r= -0. 090 ～ -0.666, P＜0.05;r=0. 131 ～0. 663, P＜0.01). Personality was significantly correlated with psychological defense mechanism (r = - 0. 158 ～ - 0. 586, P ＜ 0.01;r = 0.125 ～ 0.532, Psion, anxiety factor, explicit anxiety, and fear (21.6%, 43.8%, 35.7%, 65.7%). Conclusion Personality is a remarkable predictor of depression and anxiety,and has indirect and direct influence on depression and anxiety through psychological defense mechanism.

Objective To study the socialization character of the examinee in entrance examination of medical postgraduate.Methods 48 examinee in physical fitness test and 496 examinee in entrance examination of medical postgraduate were investigated by applying minnesota multiphasic personality inventory ( MMPI ).Results ①Female postgraduate entrance examinee had higher scores of social responsibility and absence of social anxiety ( H1 ) than male ( 59.1 ± 9.0 vs 56.0 ± 8.5, 59.0 ± 10.1vs 57.3 ± 8.6, P ＜ 0.05 ).Graduates had higher scores of absence of social anxiety( H1 ) (58.3 ±9.4 vs 52.1 ± 11.5, P＜0.05 ), lower scores of alienation from the society(PD4A) and alienation from the society(S1 A) (44.2 ±7.6 vs 51.7 ±9.0, 39.6 ±7.4 vs 45.9 ±9.6,P＜0.05) than junior college graduates.The unmarried persons had higher scores of alienation from the society (PD4A) than the married persons (44.7±7.7 vs 42.9±7.1,P<0.05).②After controlling the effect of gender,marital status and education level, covariance analysis demonstrated that postgraduate entrance examinee had higher scores of S1A (40.0 ±7.5 vs35.2 ±6.8, P＜0.05).Conclusion There are significant differences of socialization character among postgraduate entrance examinee with the difference of genders, marital status and education level.Postgraduate entrance examinee prefers alienation from the society.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy between puncture assisted by a "TINAVI" orthopaedic robot versus freehand puncture in vertebroplaty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF) of the upper thoracic vertebra.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted of the 19 patients (20 vertebral bodies) with OVCF of the upper thoracic vertebra who had been treated at Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital from January 2018 to March 2019 by robotic vertebroplasty (robot group) and of another 21 counterpart patients (21 vertebral bodies) who had been treated by conventional vertebroplasty from January 2016 to December 2017 (freehand group). Puncture was conducted by a "TINAVI" orthopaedic robot in the robotic vertebroplasty but freehand in the conventional vertebroplasty. The robot group had 5 males and 14 females, aged from 62 to 88 years; the freehand group had 6 males and 15 females, aged from 64 to 83 years. The 2 groups were compared in terms of operation time, bone cement volume, postoperative complications (cement leakage, infection and embolism), visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), anterior height (AH) and kyphosis angulation (KA) of the injured vertebra at day 1 and last follow-up after surgery.Results:The 2 groups were comparable because there were no significant differences between them in the preoperative general data ( P>0.05). Vertebroplasty via unilateral puncture approach was completed uneventfully in the 19 patients (20 vertebral bodies) in the robot group and in the 21 patients (21 vertebral bodies) in the freehand group. The 40 patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months (mean, 8.3 month). The operation time [(37.9±8.2) min], bone cement volume [(2.3±0.9) mL] and rate of cement leakage (10.0%, 2/20) in the robot group were all significantly less or lower than those in the freehand group [(46.2±9.4) min, (4.2±1.3) mL and 42.9% (9/21)] ( P<0.05). No infection or embolism was observed in either group. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in VAS, ODI, AH or KA of the injured vertebra at day 1 or last follow-up after surgery ( P>0.05). Conclusion:In vertebroplaty for OVCF of the upper thoracic vertebra, compared with conventional freehand puncture, puncture assisted by a "TINAVI" orthopaedic robot can lead to satisfactory clinical efficacy because it reduces operation time, volume of bone cement injection, and thus incidence of bone cement leakage.

Objective:To explore the effect of calcium phosphate cement（CPC）scaffold loaded with emodin（EMO）on osteogenic activity of osteoblasts.Methods:The bone cement scaffold was prepared by mixing EMO powder and CPC powder（ratio 1∶9），adding citric acid and then was poured into polytetrafluoroethylene mold（EMO-CPC group）. A dose of 0.36 g CPC powder was mixed with citric acid and injected into the polytetrafluoroethylene mold（CPC group）. General morphology，setting time（initial setting time and final setting time），injection rate and compressive strength of stents were compared between the two groups. Primary osteoblasts were extracted and co-cultured with two sets of scaffolds. After co-culture for 3 days，their characterization was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Live/dead cell staining and 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazole-2）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide（MTT）colorimetric method were used to detect cell viability，toxicity and proliferation activity of scaffolds. Two sets of scaffolds were stained with immunofluorescence for osteopontin（OPN），and protein expression was observed under an inverted fluorescence microscope. After co-culture for 7 days，tetrazolium nitro blue/5-bromo-4-chloro- 3-indolyl-phosphate（NBT/BCIP）staining method was used for alkaline phosphatase（ALP）staining. After co-culture for 14 days，two sets of scaffolds were stained with Alizarin Red to detect their osteogenic activity.Results:Two sets of stents showed relatively smooth and flat topography under the scanning electron microscope. There were no significant differences in initial setting time，final setting time，injection rate and compressive strength of stents between two groups（ P > 0.05）. After co-culture for 3 days，the osteoblast clusters were adhered to the surface of the EMO-CPC scaffold，with good shape. Viable cell rate reached（98.2 ± 0.1）% in EMO-CPC group and（90.2% ± 0.1）% in CPC group（ P <0.05）. Cell proliferation activity in EMO-CPC group was stronger than that in CPC group（ P < 0.05）. OPN-specific staining showed that EMO-CPC group had stronger OPN protein fluorescence expression compared to CPC group. After co-culture for 7 days，expression of ALP in EMO-CPC group was higher than that in CPC group. After co-culture for 14 days，staining intensity of Alizarin Red in EMO-CPC group was more significant than that in CPC group. Conclusions:The EMO-CPC scaffold can provide a suitable environment for the growth of osteoblasts for it has better biocompatibility，cell proliferation and osteogenic activity than the CPC scaffold.

Objective To evaluate the precise percutaneous sacroplasty (PSP) assisted by a Renaissance robot for sacral insufficiency fractures (SIF).Methods The clinical data of 12 SIF patients were retrospectively analyzed who had been treated from March 2016 to March 2018 at Department of Spinal Surgery,Honghui Hospital.They were 5 males and 7 females,aged from 55 to 76 years (average,67.5 years).They all received PSP assisted by a Renaissance robot.Their operation time,hospital stay and intraoperative radiation were recorded.The clinical efficacy was evaluated by comparing their visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) before surgery,1 day,3 and 12 months after surgery.Results All the 12 patients underwent surgery successfully with no complications like cement leakage.Their operation time ranged from 32 to 47 minutes (mean,36.8 minutes),their hospital stay from 12 to 25 hours (mean 17.5 hours) and their intraoperative exposure to radiation from 0.87 to 1.53 mSv (mean,1.27 mSv).All the patients were followed up for 12 to 18 months (mean,15.8 months).Their VAS (1.7 ± 0.7) and ODI (22.8 ± 4.1) one day after surgery were significantly decreased than the preoperative values (7.6 ±0.9 and 43.7 ±4.6) (P ＜ 0.05).At 3 and 12 months after surgery,their VAS scores were 2.0 ± 0.8 and 2.4 ±0.8 and their ODI scores 21.5 ±4.3 and 23.0 ±4.6,respectively,showing no significant differences from the values at 1 day after surgery (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The PSP assisted by a Renaissance robot is safe and leads to satisfactory clinical efficacy for SIF as bone cement can be accurately injected into the target area of the fracture.

Objective:To compare the effect of robot navigation system (Tian Ji robot system) plus 3D printing and traditional C-arm X-ray fluoroscopy in assisting percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) or percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for treatment of Kümmell disease.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 40 patients with Kümmell disease treated at Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine from December 2017 to February 2019, including 12 males and 28 females, with an average age of 56.4 years (range, 42-71 years). In observation group, 20 patients underwent PKP or PVP assisted by the robot navigation system and 3D printing. In control group, 20 patients underwent PKP or PVP assisted by the traditional C-arm X-ray fluoroscopy. The operation time and incidence of complications were observed. The visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), Cobb angle and anterior vertebral height were compared before operation, 1 day and 3 months after operation.Results:All patients were followed up for 3.5-8.6 months (mean, 6.7 months). The operation time in control group was (32.2±5.8)minutes, compared with (26.7±3.6)minutes in observation group ( P<0.05). The incidence of cement leakage was 0% (0/20) in the observation group and 5% (1/20) in control group ( P>0.05). One day after operation, in observation group and control group, the VAS was (2.1±0.3)points and (3.7±0.8)points, the ODI was 14.3±1.8 and 25.5±5.7, the Cobb angle was (20.6±1.2)° and (22.4±0.6)°, and the anterior height of vertebral body was (21.2±0.8)mm and (17.6±0.7)mm, respectively, showing significant improvement compared with those before operation ( P<0.01). Three months after operation, in observation group and control group, the VAS was (1.8±0.4)points and (2.8±0.8)points, the ODI was 12.3±1.5 and 21.6±2.3, the Cobb angle was (18.1±0.8) ° and (20.5±1.6)°, and the anterior height of vertebral body was (20.1±1.8)mm and (16.8±1.3)mm, showing no significant difference compared with those at day 1 after operation ( P>0.05). There were significant differences in the VAS, ODI, Cobb angle and anterior vertebral height between the two groups 1 day and 3 months after operation ( P<0.01). Conclusion:For Kümmell disease, with assistance with the robot navigation system combined with 3D printing, PKP or PVP can more effectively reduce the pain of patients, improve the quality of life, restore the anterior height of vertebral body, and realize the individualized treatment in comparison with the traditional C-arm X-ray fluoroscopy.