Objective To investigate the role of vascular endothelial growth factor D(VEGF-D) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3(VEGFR-3) in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of colon carcinoma by observing the expression of VEGF-D and VEGFR-3,and calculated lymphatic vessel density(LMVD) in colon carcinoma. Methods The expressions of VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 were observed by SP immunohistochemistry in 55 colon carcinoma samples of different stages and differentiation degrees.LMVD in colon carcinoma was calculated by using Podoplanin as the specific marker of lymphatic endothelium. Results The positive expression of VEGF-D in colon carcinoma(54.5%) was higher than that in peritumoral tissues(P

0.05).Conclusion:HLA-DQA1*0102 and DQA1*0104 were associated with protection from chronic HBV infection and development of LC,respectively.There was no significant association between HLA-DQA1 and development of HCC in chronic HBV infection patients.

Objective: To study the hypoglycemic effects of chromium-enriched compound acidophilous milk in rats with hyperglycemia. Methods: 120 adult Wister rats were randomly divided into Control group, DM group, therapy group and protective therapy group. Each group were fed a basic diet and Control group were intragastric administration with sodium chloride,DM group and therapy group were intragastric administration with ordinary acidophilous milk and protective therapy group were intragastric administration with chromium-enriched compound acidophilous milk. After 15 days, the rats of DM group, therapy group and protective therapy group were given a single shot of alloxan (50 mg per 1 kg), while Control group was given a single shot of sodium chloride (50 mg per 1 kg). After the diabetic model had been induced by alloxan,the rats of therapy group were intragastric administration with chromium-enriched compound acidophilous milk, and other groups had no change. The blood-fasting sugar, sugar tolerance, and glycosylated hemoglobin were examined. Results: When compared with protective therapy group, the differences of blood-fasting sugar of DM group and therapy group were significant (P

Objective To provide the morphology data for the study on the molecular mechanism of tumor metastasis,we observed the expression of podoplanin on the blood vessels and lymphatics in the human colonic carcinoma.Methods We observed the expression of podoplanin on the blood vessels and lymphatics in the colonic carcinoma from the patients of the operation in the defferent stages with the methods of HE staining and podoplanin immunohistochemistry staining. Results Podoplanin has not been stained,but podoplanin was positively expressed on the colonic carcinoma lymphatics.And, The podoplanin expression positive rate of the colonic carcinoma were increased along with the increase of tumor stages and occurence of lymph nodes metastasis. Conclusion Podoplanin choosed to express in lymphatics in the colonic carcinoma and could correctly distinguish the blood vessels and lymphatic vessels,could be regarded as the specific marker to mark lymphatic vessel. And, The podoplanin expression positive rate of the colonic carcinoma were increased along with the increase of tumor stages and occurence of lymph nodes metastasis.It indicates,It was correlated with colonic carcinoma lymphatical metastasis that the count of lymphatic vessels were increased in the colonic carcinoma along with the tumor advancing.

Following the development of clinical trials, the methodology of clinical trials has developed a great deal, including randomization method and blinding method, etc. The method of randomization includes simple randomization, stratification randomization, etc. Dynamic randomization is also considered as a method of randomization. Two dynamic randomization methods are introduced in this paper, including a method considering the balance of numbers in each group and a method considering prognostic factors. This paper also demonstrates the procedure of dynamic randomization of the above two methods by simulations and actual examples.

Objective To explore the effects of Shenfu injection combined with low-dose hydrocortisone on plasma lev?els of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR and procalcitonin (PCT) in patients with septic multiple organ dysfunction syn?drome. Methods A total of 118 patients with septic multiple organ dysfunction syndrome were divided into three groups:control group (n=39), experimental group 1 (n=39) and experimental group 2 (n=40). The control group received conventioanl medicine therapy, while the experimental group 1 received Shenfu injection (100 mL, 2/d, for 7 d) combined with conventio?anl medicine therapy, and the experimental group 2 received Shenfu injection combined with low-dose hydrocortisone (200 mg/d, for 14 d) besides conventional medicine therapy. The peripheral blood samples were collected for the detection of HLA-DR, PCT and lipoperoxide (LPO) before treatment, 1 d, 3 d amd 7 d after treatment. The mortality in 14 d was record?ed. Results The mortality rates in 14 d were 61.5%(24/39), 41.0%(16/39) and 25.0%(10/40) for control group, experimen?tal group 1 and experimental group 2 (χ2=8.15, P<0.05). There were no significant differences in PCT, HLA-DR and LPO levels before treatment and 1 d after treatment between the three groups (P>0.05). The plasma levels of PCT and LPO were significantly decreased in control group, experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 after 3-d and 7-d treatment, but the levels of HLA-DR was significantly increased (P < 0.05). Conclusion The combination therapy of Shenfu injection and low-dose hydrocortisone can effectively reduce PCT level and increase HLA-DR level, which promotes the improve?ment of patients with septic multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

Objective To analyse the expression patterns of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3(VEGFR-3) at the protein and mRNA level,and to detect the biological function of VEGFR-3 in the lymphangiogenesis of the embryos. Methods A total of 61 specimens of skin were investigated by immunohistochemical staining with a polyclonal antibody against VEGFR-3 in embryo 15-day-old(E15) and in embryo 21-day-old(E21).The expression of VEGFR-3 mRNA was studied in situ hybridization. Results The positive expression of VEGFR-3 can be seen in lymphatic vessels of the embryonic skin.The occurrences of VEGFR-3 protein in lymphatic vessels in E15 and in E21 were 38.71%(12/31) and 73.33%(22/30) respectively,the expression level of VEGFR-3 protein in E21 was significantly higher than that in E15(?~2=7.408,P

Objective To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C(VEGF-C) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3(VEGFR-3) in rat colorectal cancer,and to provide an experimental material for the role of VEGF-C and its receptor VEGFR-3 in cancer progression and metastasis via lymphatics. Methods The expressions of VEGF-C and its receptor VEGFR-3 in colorectal cancer induced by MNNG were observed by immunohistochemistry staining. Results There was no expression of VEGF-C in normal colorectal tissues,but VEGFR-3 expressed in the lymphatic endothelium.The protein of VEGF-C mainly expressed in the cancer cells and the positive rates were 75% and 100% respectively in the early and the mid-terminal stages of cancer.The positive expression of VEGF-C in the early stage of cancer was higher than that in mid-terminal stage(P

Objective:To investigate the immune mechanism of 5-fluorouracil(5-Fu) and Octerotide(Oct)in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)and it’s kidney injury.Methods:55 male SAP rats induced by retrograde infusion of 5% sodium taurocholate into bilopancreatic duct were randomly divided into 3 groups:Normal saline group(n=17)were treatmented with normal saline infusion,Oct group(n=18):The first dose of Oct was 2?g/100g iv,then 0.2?g/(100g?h)continuous injection,5-Fu group(n=20):The dose of 5-Fu was 2mg/h?12h.Rats from each group were killed at 12h after opertation.The plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?),interleukin-1(IL-1)were assessed by ELISA method.Thromboxan B_2(TXB_2)and prostaglandinE_2(PGE_2)were assessed by radioimmunoassay method.The expression of TNF-? mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.The apoptosis rate of rat kidney tissue were detected by TUNEL method.Apoptosis rate of NRK cell treated by serum of different groups were assessed by flow cytometry methods.Results:The plasma level of TNF-?、IL-1 and TXB_2 in 5-Fu and Oct group were much lower than that in normal saline group.The expression of TNF-? mRNA of kidney tissue decreased significantly after the SAP was treated by 5-Fu or octreotide.The apoptosis rate of NRK cell disposed by normal saline group,oct group,5-Fu group and control group rat plasma were (38.67?11.4)%,(20.4?18.4)%,(10.5?11.0)% and (1.7?2.2)% respectively(P

BACKGROUND: Pharmacological researches demonstrate that Chinese crude drugs of invigorating the kidney contain flavonoids such as prepared rhizome of rehmannia and kudzuvine root, they possess phytoestrogenic effect, among them, isoflavone acts as a regulator of estrogen receptor.OBJECTIVE: To approach the effects of self-planned Bushen Huoxue Fang (BSHXF) on the serum estradiol and estrogen receptor α mRNA expression in pituitary gland in rats with collagen-induced arthritis. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized grouping controlled animal experiment was performed in the central laboratory of Bethune Intemational Peace Hospital of Chinese PLA between May 2006 and May 2008. MATERIALS: Sixty female and healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operated group (n=10) and operation group (n=50). Operation group was reproduced collagen-induced arthritis model at 2 weeks following ovariectomy. The rats of arthritic index ≥ 5 were assigned into model group, BSHXF group, methotrexate (MTX) group, and MTX + BSHXF group, each group included 10 rats. The Chinese crude drugs were bought from LERENTANG drugstore in Shijiazhuang, including rhizoma drynariae, safflower, prepared rhizome of rehmannia, Herba Epimedii, danshen root, kudzuvine root and so on. After routine decoction, centrifugalization, rogue and condensing 1.3 kg/L decoction, the solution was sealed up, divided pack and reserved at 4℃.METHODS: Sham operated group and model group were intragastrically administered with normal saline 2 mL per day; BSHXF group with BSHXF decoction 2 mL per day; MTX group with MTX 2.6 mg/kg (2 mL) once a week, and normal saline 2 mL per day at other time points; MTX + BSHXF group with MTX 2.6 mg/kg (2 mL) once a week and BSHXF juice 2 mL per day. Each group was given 6 weeks.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: After blooding by abdominalis aorta, magnetic-split enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was applied to detect the level of serum estradiol. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction detected the expression of estrogen receptor a mRNA in rat pituitary gland.RESULTS: Compared with model group, the expression of estrogen receptor a mRNA in pituitary gland increased in the MTX group, but there was not statistically significant. BSHXF + MTX group showed a significantly increased expression (P < 0.01). The expression of estrogen receptor α mRNA in BSHXF group was higher than MTX group, but lower than BSHXF + MTX group (P < 0.05). No significant difference existed between BSHXF group, BSHXF + MTX group and sham operation group. Compared with sham operation group, there were statistically significant decrease of estradiol in the model group. Compared with model group, the estradiol levels were shown to increase in three treatment groups. Among them, MTX group had slightly slower level with no significant difference (P > 0.05), while BSHXF + MTX group had the most obvious increase, which was close to normal level (P < 0.01). There was a significantly positive correlation between estradiol and the expression of estrogen receptor o mRNA (r=0.483, P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Serf-planned BSHXF possessing oestrogenic hormonelike role can elevate the level of serum estradiol and upregulate the expression of estrogen receptor a mRNA in pituitary gland.