0.05), whereas definite etiology, partial or generalized seizure, generalized tonic-clonic seizure, epileptic syndrome, nervous system signs, EEG slow wave, EEG epileptiform discharges, imaging abnormalities and therapy after first onset had statistic difference in intermittent time between first seizure and recurrence (all P

Objective To observe clinical curative effect of pregabalin combined with oxycodone hydrochloride controlled-release tablets on patients with postherpetic neuralgia(PHN).Methods 84 patients with PHN were randomly divided into observation group (n=42 cases) and control group ( n=42 cases); control group was given oxycodone hydrochloride controlled-release tablets, observation group received pregabalin combined with oxycodone hydrochloride controlled-release tablets treatment; NRS, dermatology life quality index (DLQI), Pittsburgh sleep quality score (PSQI) and SAS score were recoded before and after 1,2,4 weeks treatment; 24 h duration of pain, 24 h total sleep time , pain-relief effectiveness and adverse reactions of two group were compared.Results NRS, DLQI, PSQI and SAS score of two groups after 1,2,4 weeks treatment was lower than before treatment (P<0.05), all the scores of observation group were lower than control group (P <0.05); 24 h duration of pain of observation group was obviously less than control group ( P <0.05 ) , 24 h total sleep time was longer than control group ( P <0.05 ); dose of oxycodone hydrochloride controlled-release tablets in observation group was lower than control group ( P <0.05 ); pain relief effectiveness of observation group was obviously higher than that of control group (P<0.05); adverse reactions of observation group such as dry mouth, dizziness was higher than control group (P<0.05), the rest of the adverse reactions in two groups had no significant statistical difference.Conclusions Treatment of pregabalin combined with oxycodone hydrochloride controlled-release tablets are both effective and safe significantly, and can obviously improve the patient’ s pain symptoms, improve quality of life, preferable satisfactory comprehensive curative effect.

Progressive stroke is a therapeutic challenge for clinical practice. Some factors, such as infection, hypotension, hyperglycaemia and fever were related with progressive stroke. The clinical features, imaging, laboratory examination could predict the development of progressive stroke. Treatment include anticoagulation, reduce fibrinogen，temperature，glucose，enlarge capacity，control brain edema, protective agent and surgery.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of systolic pressure variation (SPV) in monitoring blood volume in patients.Methods Twenty-two ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients (17 male,5 female),aged 49-79 yr,with body height 153-173 cm,weighing 55-89 kg,scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass grafting under cardiopulmonary bypass,were studied.Stroke volume variation (SVV) was monitored based on the arterial pressure wave and SPV measured based on the invasive arterial pressure wave after changing the title.After the chest was closed,the volume load test was immediately carried out.6％ hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 50-80 ml/min was infused via the jugular vein until cardiac index (CI) increased by 10％.HR,mean arterial pressure (MAP),SPV,CI,SVV,stroke volume index (SVI),systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI),central venous pressure (CVP),and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) were recorded in supine position (T1),at 30° head-down tilt before skin incision (T1'),before (T2) and after opening the chest in supine position (T2'),before (T3) and after the volume load test in supine position after closing the chest (T3'),in supine position after skin closure (T4),and at 30° head-down tilt after skin closure (T4').The difference in SPV and SVV (△SPV and △SVV) was calculated.The receiver operator characteristic curve for △SVV and △ SPV in determining blood volume changes was plotted.Results MAP,CVP,PCWP,CI,and SVRI were significantly increased,while SVV and SPV were decreased at T1' compared with those at T1 (P ＜ 0.05).HR was significantly increased,while CVP was decreased at T2' compared with those at T2 (P ＜ 0.05).MAP,CVP,PCWP,and CI were significantly increased,while SVV and SPV were decreased at T3' compared with those at T3 (P ＜ 0.05).MAP,CVP,and PCWP were significantly increased,while SVV and SPV were decreased at T4' compared with those at T4 (P ＜ 0.05).The area under receive operator characteristic curve for △SVV and △SPV in determining blood volume changes was 0.603 and 0.616 respectively,and there was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion SPV can accurately monitor the blood volume in patients.

Thirty eight adult male rabbits were selected for the experiment. The experimental peptic ulcer was induced by means of injection of 40% acetic acid to the submucosa of the stomach. Animals of the control group were injected with normal saline instead and another control group consisted of normal rabbits without any treatment. The animals were killed by decapitation at different time intervals (3～49 days) after the operation. The adrenal tissues were prepared for histochemical studies from both experimental and control animals. The results were observed as follows:During the early stage of the peptic ulcer, the fascicular and reticular zones were the chief sites in the adrenal cortex where histochemical changes were involved. Three days after the peptic ulcer operation, the cells of the fascicular and reticular zones filled with sudanophilic lipid droplets and cholesterol droplets. Five days after the operation, both of lipid droplets and cholesterol droplets decreased; the content of ascorbic acid increased slightly; and the activity of succinic dehydrogenase also increased. The above changes were most conspicuous in the inner portion of the fascicular zone within ten days. After fourteen days, all the above histochemical changes began to recover and gradually returned to the normal level after eighteen to thirty five days. In the normal saline operation control group, the contents of lipid droplets and cholesterol droplets decreased in the fascicular and reticular zones after three days and returned to normal level during the period of ten to fourteen days after operation for saline injection.The above histochemical changes showed that the adrenal cortex was at an active functional state during the early period of the experimental peptic ulcer.

Objective To investigate the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on seizure frequency in epilepsy patients complicated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods Subjects were divided into CPAP group (20 subjects) and medication group (22 subjects) according to whether they can tolerate CPAP. CPAP group were treated with CPAP combined with antiepileptic drugs. Medication group were treated with antiepileptic drugs alone. Seizure frequency and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) were compared between groups before and after 4 weeks and 24 weeks of treatment. Results Baseline seizure frequency and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) were compared between groups(P>0.05). A sig?nificant reduction of seizure frequency was observed in CPAP group after 4 weeks and 24 weeks of treatment compared to that before treatment (P<0.01). In medication group, no significant difference in seizure frequency was noted betweem 4 weeks and 24 weeks after treatment compared to that before treatment(P>0.05). A significant reduction of AHI was ob?served in the CPAP group after 24 weeks of treatment compared to that before treatment (P<0.01), but no change of AHI by treatment was observed in medication group (P>0.05). Conclusion Treatment of OSA in patients complicated with epilep?sy may improve seizure control in short and long term, but longer observation time and more samples are needed for further research.

As the specific endangered medicinal plant in Xinjiang, resources and distribution of Ferula sinkiangen-sis are important for biodiversity conservation and sustainable development of Chinese medicine resources. The spa-tial distribution and resources of F. sinkiangensis were researched based on low altitude remote sensing and sample investigation. The results showed that the optimum working time for F. sinkiangensis monitoring by low altitude remote sensing was the nearby 5 hills, which covered about 0.88 km2. It was suggested that the fence area should be expanded for protection. According to the results of low altitude remote sensing, the amount of F. sinkiangensis in yellow (diameter exceeding 0.3 m) was about 3 191. However, the sample investigation on amount of F. sinkiangensis in yellow (diameter exceeding 0.3 m) was about 2 752. The error between them was 14%. The monitoring time and range for F. sinkiangensis by low altitude remote sensing were also ensured. It was concluded that low altitude re-mote sensing had the advantage of quickly receiving distribution situation of F. sinkiangensis, which can effectively evaluate dynamic changes of F. sinkiangensis in Xinjiang.

Objective To study the change and the correlation of serum soluble vascular cell adhesion molecuh-1(sVCAM-1)level with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods 60 type 2 diabetic patients were selected for the study through the examination of ophthalmoscope and/or fundus fluorescence angiography by ophthalmologist.Diabetic patients were divided into three main groups:No signs of diabetic retinopathy(NDR)(n=20);Background DR(BDR)(n=20)Proliferative DR(PDR)(n=20).Healthy individuals matching sex and age of the patients were used as controls(n=20);Serum sVCAM-1 level was measured by ELISA,compared in diabetes without DR,with BDR,with PDR.These levels were compared with those of 20 controls.Results The serum level of sVCAM-1 in the DM patients with PDR or BDR and those without DR were significantly higher than those in healthy controls(all P＜0.001);Serum level of sVCAM-1 in PDR groups were higherthan those in DM patients with BDR or patients without DR(all P＜0.001);There was no difference between the patients with BDR and those without DR (P＞0.05).(4)In the DM patients,there was a positive correlation between serum sVCAM-1 and the course of diseases(r=0.338,P＜0.05),but no relationship with HbA1C,FBG,CHO,TG,LDL and INS.Conclusion Increased serum level of sVCAM-1 in different stage of DR patients suggested that they hagbe play an important role in the development of DR,and may assess the severity of diabetic retinopathy.The measuremem of serum sVCAM-1 levels in type 2 diabetic patients could be clinically useful for early diagnosis or treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological and clinical features of acute hepatitis E (AHE).Methods All the data of AHE patients from April 2005 to October 2011 were collected and their epidemiological features were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into two groups:patients with single hepatitis E virus (HEV ) infection and patients with HEV/hepatitis B virus (HBV ) coinfection,to compare the biochemical parameters and outcomes and to find out the risk factors for AHE related liver failure.Kruskal-Wallis test,Chi square test,and Logistical regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 621 cases were included in the present study and most patients were elderly male and happened from February to May every year.The incidence of AHE related liver failure and mortality was 18.68% and 1 .93%,respectively.Compared to the single HEV group (n=331 ),the HEV/HBV group (n = 280 )had a longer hospital stay (46 d vs 40 d,Z = - 4.591 ,P < 0.01 ),a significantly lower prothrombin activity (55 .5 % vs 78.7%,Z =-7.998,P <0.01 )and a significantly higher incidence of AHE related liver failure (30.7% vs 9.1 %,χ2 =46.229,P <0.01 ).In single HEV related liver failure group (n=30),the percentages of early-stage,interim-stage and end-stage live failure were 53.33%,23.33% and 23.33%,respectively.While in the HEV/HBV related liver failure group (n=86),the corresponding numbers were 34.88%,31 .40% and 33.72%,respectively.The differences were not statistically significant (χ2 = 3.176,P = 0.204 ).Additionally,the clinical outcome between these two groups was also comparable (83.33% vs 91 .86%,χ2 =0.945 ,P = 0.331 ).The Logistic analysis showed that age over 50 years (OR=2.080,P =0.002)and coinfection with HBV (OR=5 .632, P <0.01)were risk factors for AHE related liver failure.Conclusions AHE is seasonal and mainly occurs in elderly male.Advanced age and HBV coinfection may be risk factors of severe AHE.

Objective To investigate the relationship between HBV mutations in the precore (PC)/core promoter region and the liver histological changes in HBeAg negative CHB patients. Method A total of 71 HBeAg negative CHB patients with liver biopsy from April 2012 to Dec 2013 were enrolled. DNA was extracted from blood serum, then the HBV S gene and PC/core promoter region were amplified by semi-nested PCR and sequenced. The relationship between significant liver histological changes and viral factors were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. Results The incidence of significant necroinflammation (15.8% vs. 27.3%, χ2 =1.398, P = 0.237) and significant fibrosis (71.1% vs. 84.4%, χ2= 1.926, P = 0.165) were found to be similar between patients infected with HBV genotype B and genotype C . By Logistic regression analysis including risk factors of age, sex, HBV genotype and mutations (T1753V,A1762T/G1764A,A1846T and G1896A), the A1762T/G1764A mutation in HBV associated with significant necroinflammation (OR = 4.296, P = 0.037), while factors of age, sex, genotype and other mutation were not associated with significant liver histological changes. (all P > 0.05). Conclusion Mutation in PC/core promoter region of HBV may act as a marker to evaluate the liver histological changes.