Studies in recent years have suggested that the basic characteristics of the identified cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subeortical infarcts and leukoencepha-lopathy (CADASIL) are the onset of the disorder with a form of familial hereditary, middle-age onset with progressive ischemic stroke-like course and multiple diffuse white matter lesions, the identified MRI abnormal white matter signals and pathology. Molecular genetic studies have suggested that the multiple mutations of the Notch3 gene are associated with CADASIL. The combination of gene diagnosis with peripheral tissue biopsy may be the most valuable diagnostic means before death. To study CADASIL from the aspects of pathogenesis and clinical manifestations contributes to improve clinical diagnosis rate.

[Objective]To discuss the methods selection for lumbar compressed fracture.[Method]137 cases were respectively treated with non-operation,AF nail,Z-Plate steel board internal fixation and protruding formation behind centrum.[Result]All were cured in 10~14w,(12?0.6)w in average;the pain VAS score,Frankel score,Cobb’s angle,the height of front and back edge of centrum were all relieved a lot after treatment,without operation sequela or marked loss of injured vertebra.[Conclusion]The methods shall be selected for lumbar compressed fracture under compressing degree,bone occupation degree in lumbar tube,nerve injure degree,stability of spine structure or fracture dislocation,etc.The stable fracture shall rest in bed with cushion under back.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects in t he treatment of femoral peritrochan teric frac-tures by PFN(proximal femoral nail).Methods A retrospective analysis was done in the treatment of femoral peritrochanteric fractures(72cases).38cases were male and 44cases female.Their age ranged 64～96years old with the average age being 78years old.70cases were intertrochanteric f ractures(EvensⅠtype 16,Ⅱtype 31,ⅢA type 14,ⅢB type 6,Ⅳtype 3),and 2cases subtrochanteric fractu res.Results65patients were followed up for over 6months.All fractures healed and all patients could take care of themselves and were satisfied with t he clinical curative effect except one patient who had the lag screw pulled o ut and coxa vara because of serious os-teoporosis.Conclusion PFNis a better way to cure femoral peritrochanteric fractures because of few complications and simple surgical procedure.Bein g a micro-trauma technique,it is worthy of wide application in clinic.[

Adiponectin is one of the cytokines secreted by fat cells.It has a variety of physiological functions,including anti-inflammation,anti-atherosclerosis,anti-diabetes,and anti-obesity,etc.Studies in recent years have demonstrated that there are certain correlations of adiponectin with vascular risk factors and cerebrovascular disease.

Ischemic stroke is closely associated with carotid atherosclerosis.Detecting carotid plaque components (including fibrous Cap,lipid core,hemorrhage,and calcification) using high-resolution 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging contributes to evaluate the risk of ischemic stroke and guide treatment.This article reviews the research status of magnetic resonance imaging of carotid atherosclerotic plaque components.

Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) refers to the stroke patients suffering from infectious lung parenchyma (including the alveolar wall,i.e.the general pulmonary interstitial) inflammation without previous pulmonary infection.It is one of the most common major complications resulting in death and affecting functional recovery in patients with stroke.Dysphagia resulting in aspiration is the main reason of SAP.Therefore,avoiding aspiration and preventing SAP have important significance for patients with stroke through early correct tube feeding.This article reviews the tube feeding methods of preventing SAP.

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) traditionally refers to temporary brain dysfunction lasting no longer than 24 hours due to a shortage of blood and oxygen, without any residual neurological deficit. In recent years, the development of imaging technology enables us to have a new awareness about TIA. This article reviews the effects of MRI, especially diffusion-weighted imaging, in the diagnosis and prognostic prediction of TIA.

Objective To explore the relationship between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and central corneal thickness (CCT) in myopia eyes.Methods 91 cases (91eyes) were selected from ophthalmological outpatients including 28cases with low myopia ( spherical equivalence [ SE ] ＞ -3.0D), 33 cases with moderate myopia (SE -0.3D ～ -6.0D) and 30 cases with high myopia (SE ＜ -6.0D).All patients received ocular standard examination including intraocular pressure, refraction, slitlamp biomicroscopy and fundus examination.Other ocular diseases except refractive error were excluded.RNFL thickness and CCT were measured by RTVue Fourior-OCT ( Optovue Inc, USA).Refraction diopter was shown as SE.Results The mean RNFL thickness and CCT was ( 108.5 ± 10.1 ) μm, (524.7 ±36.8)μm respectively.These were no significantly different among low, moderate and high myopia ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Temporal RNFL thickness( tl1 ,tu1 ) was significantly positive related with CCT( r =0.281,0.093 of tl1, r= 0.352,0.167 of tu1 respectively in single and multiple variable analysis; P ＜ 0.05 ), nasal ( nl2, nu2)and inferior nasal RNFL thickness( in2,in1 )was significantly positive related with SE( P ＜0.05), inferior temporal RNFL thickness( it2)was significantly negative related with SE( P ＜0.05), and RNFL thickness in other regions were not significant related with CCT and SE ( P ＞ 0.05 ) in single and multiple variable regressive analysis.Conclusion Relationship between RNFL thickness of local paradisc region and CCT in myopia eyes suggested that CCT should be correlative with some sensible structural parameters in glaucomatous neuropathy and might be important in the diagnosis and therapy of glaucoma.

So far, the method of detection of patent foramen ovale (PFO) by transcranial Doppler (TCD) has had two decades of history. Standardization in contrast-enhanced transcranial Doppler US procedures for cardiac right-to-left shunt detection was proposed in the Venice Consensus Paper in 1999, and some questions were raised at the same time. Over the past 10 years, the researchers have conducted a more in depth study on the method. This article reviews the related research progress.

According to the traditional point of view,CT and lumabar puncture are the main means in the diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH).The values of conventional MRI T1-weighted imaging(T1WI)and T2 weighted imaging(T2WI)are very little in the diagnosis of SAH.With the development of MRI technique and the research and application of novel MRI sequences,the value of MRI are gradually recognized and affirmed in the diagnosis of SAH.and has shown its superiority.MRI isn't inferior to CT in the diagnosis of acute SAH.evidently superior to CT in the diagnosis of subacute,chronic and atypical SAHs and superior to CT in the diagnosis of the complications of SAH.MRI is valuable in screening for intraeranial aneurysms and postoperative follow-up.