Objective To optimize the formula ratio of matrix and the preparation process of Xuanshe Painkillers Cataplasm. Methods The optimal matrix prescription of Xuanshe Painkillers Cataplasm was optimized by uniform design,and the optimal preparation process was determined at the same time. The viscosity and the appearance of the Xuanshe Painkillers Cataplasm (film residue,uniformity,ductility,skin adhesive ability of the plaster)are used as indexes. Results The preparation process of Xuanshe Painkillers Cataplasm is good,and through the analysis of experimental data,the optimal ratio of the matrix is NP-700∶aluminum hydroxide ∶glycerol ∶0.1% tartrate solution=3∶0.3∶25∶5. Conclusion The Preparation process is good and the optimal matrix has moderate viscosity,no film residue,and with better uniformity,ductility and skin adhesive ability.