1.A survey on the contents of nutrient and nutrition in the orderings of customers when eating at three restaurants in Beijing
Baojing LIANG ; Nanxi ZHAO ; Liming LI ; Jun LYU
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2016;37(4):501-505
Objective To study the median nutrient content of customers' ordering in the restaurants in Beijing.Methods The median contents of nutrients regarding ordering/per person from the customers were estimated,via combining the nutrient content of menu offering.Data,based on all weights of ingredients and Chinese food composition with all the ordered records from customers,was collected within a set period of time,from 2011 to 2013.Nutrition status was then estimated,under the Nutrient-Rich Foods (NRF).Results The median energy intake reached 4 973.9 (P25-P75:3 575.6-6 971.0) kJ and 88.2% of the tables were exceeding the recommended energy limits,respectively,with 3 347.2 kJ for lunch and 2 510.4 kJ for dinner.Data was gathered from three restaurants in Beijing.In all the three restaurants,the median nutrient contents appeared 70% outnumbered the daily value of fat and cholesterol.The median sodium contents (87.9%) were also over the standard set for sodium adequate intake.In addition,the median nutrition on fibers,calcium,vitamin A,vitamin C and vitamin E were far below the recommended nutritional intakes (RNI),in the ordering.For NRF9.3,the Wenzhou restaurant showed the highest score (5.50) but the restaurant in Yunnan appeared the lowest (2.26),with difference statistically significant (P<0.001).Conclusion Eating-out habit ended in taking low nutrition with higher limited nutrients,but with low recommended nutrients,when compared to the recommended Chinese Dietary Reference Intake.
2.Data analysis on 232 cases of critically ill pregnant women cured by combination of the department of obstetrics and ICU
Baojing ZHAO ; Yuanyuan YANG ; Lin CONG
Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui 2017;52(9):1375-1379
Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and outcomes of obstetric patients in intensive care unit(ICU).Retrospective study over a period of four years and 232 cases were included.Methods Records were reviewed for clinical characteristics,maternal and neonatal outcomes.All patients were divided into obstetric related disease group and non-obstetric related disease group.Results The patients who had regular antienated examination only accounted for 34.5%.Seven patients died.Hypertensive disorders,heart disease and hemorrhage are the main cases of admission.Among the 232 obstetric patients,there are 131 cases(56.5%) in the obstetric group,101 cases(43.5%) in the non-obstetrical group.The average age of the patients in obstetric related disease group were lower than those in non-obstetric related disease group (P < 0.001).The postpartum hemorrahge within 24 hours,the rates of hystereyomy and the rates of hemorrhagic shock in obstetric related disease group were all higher than those in non-obstetric related disease group (P < 0.001).Conclusion The establishment of specialized obstetric ICU and physicians with obstetric and ICU knowledge to manage such patients will be a future development trend.
3.Systemic lupus erythematosus with extensive intracranial calcification: a case report
Baojing ZHAO ; Zhen ZHANG ; Wen QIN ; Qingqing YUAN ; Xiudi WU
Chinese Journal of Neurology 2021;54(8):825-828
Extensive intracranial calcification is rare in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. This article reported a patient with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus, complicated with bilateral symmetrical extensive intracranial calcification. By reviewing literature, the results suggested that the flare of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies may be risk factors for intracranial calcification. Therefore, in order to prevent the formation of intracranial calcification, it is necessary to maintain continuous disease remission and anticoagulant therapy.
4.A survey on the sodium content of customers' orderings at three restaurants in Beijing
Nanxi ZHAO ; Baojing LIANG ; Pingping HE ; Liming LI ; Jun LYU
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2014;35(4):393-396
Objective To survey the mean sodium content of menu offering and customers' orderings on sodium when eating out.Methods All weights of ingredients of menu offerings at three Chinese restaurants with Wenzhou,Shandong,and Yunnan cuisines,in Beijing,were collected and their sodium values were estimated based on data from the Chinese Food Composition.All records from customers' orders were collected in a certain period of time from year 2011 to 2013.The mean sodium content of ordering per person and the proportion of all orders exceeding the recommended daily sodium limit that applicable to most native Chinese,were estimated.Results Of all the menu offerings,hot dishes (1 728.6 mg; P25,P75:1 198.7,2 482.8) and soup dishes (2 101.5 mg;P25,P75:1 467.8,2 291.2) had the highest sodium contents,followed by cold dressed dishes (790.7 mg; P25,P75:128.1,1 472.9) staple foods (802.9 mg; P25,P75:115.1,1 563.2) while the beverages having the lowest sodium contents (17.0 mg;P25,P75:2.0,19.5) (P<0.05).Meat dishes (1 796.3 mg;P25,P75:1 303.9,2 670.3) contained more sodium than vegetable dishes (1 105.5 mg; P25,P75:423.6,1 628.6)(P<0.001).The median sodium contents in per person orderings were 2 325.6 mg (P25,P75:1 700.7,3 213.8) for lunch and 2 542.5 mg (P25,P75:1 857.5,3 498.1) for dinner.Current dietary guideline recommended for Chinese adults was:in general,the amount of consumption should not exceed 2 400 mg of sodium per day.Based on the recornmended optimal daily calories intake ratio as 3 ∶ 4 ∶ 3for breakfast,lunch,and dinner,we would suggest that the sodium intake should follow the amount as 960 mg for lunch and 720 mg for dinner.Our data indicated that 97.5% of the ordered meals appeared that they were over the recommended sodium limit and 76,5% of the tables showed two times more than the limit of recommendation.Conclusion Soup and hot dishes provided at these three restaurants contained more sodium contents.People ordered dishes at restaurants would contain more sodium than the recommended Chinese daily sodium intake.