0.05).Conclusion There is susceptibility correlation between the UC patients of north Chinese and the rising of C/T gene polymorphisms and T allele gene frequency in IL-1B +3962 site,but there isn't correlation between the gene polymorphisms in IL-1B +3962 site and different invasion location of UC of north Chinese.IFN-?+874 hasn't correlation with UC of north Chinese.

Objective To construct pcDNA 3.1(+)/HPV 18 E 6 fusion gene and a single-codon mutation pcDNA 3.1(+)/E6 F49R or pcDNA 3.1(+)/E6 F127R fusion gene in eukaryotic expression vector and study the effects on proliferation and apoptosis of cervical carcinoma cell line Hela. Method HPV 18 E6 gene sequence and the single-point mutation HPV 18 E6 F49R or HPV 18 E6 F127R were amplified from total RNA of Hela cell line by reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction ( RT- PCR), then the gene sequences were respectively inserted into pcDNA 3.1(+) vector to reconstruct recombinant plasmids which were transfected transiently into Hela cells. MTT and RT-PCR were used to test the expression levels of HPV 18 E6 and the growth of HeLa cells after transfected about 48 h. The proliferation and apoptosis of Hela cells were detected respectively by cell counting and AO/EB fluorescent vital staining. Results The pcDNA 3.1(+)/HPV 18 E6, pcDNA 3.1(+)/E6 F49R and pcDNA 3.1(+)/E6 F127R eukaryotic expression vectors were successfully constructed. The gene of HPV 18 E6 was discriminably detected in the HeLa cells which were transfected with the recombinant plasmids. After several days, the proliferation of Hela cells transfected with pcDNA 3.1(+)/E6 F49R or pcDNA 3.1(+)/E6 F127R plasmid were obviously inhibited and the apoptotic rates were significantly increased, then the proliferation of cells transfected with pcDNA(+)/HPV 18 E6 was rather increased slightly, and we could observe the phenomena of early apoptosis and the formation of thekaryopyknosis by fluorescent microscope in the cells transfected with pcDNA 3.1(+)/E6 F49R or pcDNA 3.1(+)/E6 F127R. Conclusion The eukaryotic expressing vectors encoding HPV 18 E6 F49R and HPV 18 E6 F127R provide fundamental basis for the further study on HPV 18 E6 mechanism as well as prevention and treatment of uterine cancer.

Objective　To find out if an unique blood mode-vasculogenic mimicry (VM) exist in prostate cancer and analyze its relationship with prognosis.　Methods　The age of the patients was 59 to 72 years,with a mean age of (66.7 ± 11.0) years.All had been confirmed as prostate cancer by biopsy.The level of serum PSA was 15.6 to 76.7 μg/L,with a mean level of (34.6 ± 1.7 ) μg/L.A histochemical and immunohistochemical dual staining method for PAS-CD31 and MMP-2 in 96 prostatic adenocarcinomas were conducted to explore if VM exist in prostate cancer,describe its morphology and distribution.The different expression of MMP-2 in VM positive and VM negative tissue were.The clinical data were collected and analyzed to explore the relationship between disease progression and VM.　Results　Among 96 cases,24 cases were found VM positive,the others were negative.The boundary membrane of VM was PAS positive,which was continuous or incontinuous. A positive correlation between VM density and high Gleason score were found.The tPSA were higher in the VM positive cases than that in VM negatives.The VM positive patients had poorer prognosis than that of the negatives.The MMP-2 expression was found correlated with VM positive (rs =0.60,P ＜ 0.01 ).　Conclusions　VM exists in the prostate cancer as an independent structure,and it is more common in the high-grade cancer.The progression-free survival of VM positive patients could be worse than the negative.MMP-2 and VM could be the indicators of poor prognosis.

BACKGROUND :Although the conventional 20 G pars plana vitrectomy can improve the prognosis of vitreous-retina diseases,but it would also cause serious operation related injury and much complications.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the practicability and safety of 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy system (TSV25G) in the macular surgery, so as to elicit the preliminary clinical experience of mimimally invasive vitrectomy system.DESIGN:Case analysisSETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force; Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Sino Japen Friendship Hospital; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong; Department of Ophthalmology,Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong PARTICIPANTS: From July 2003 to July 2004, 16 patients with macular diseases were admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology in the General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force and taken as subjects (n=16), they were confirmed as epiretinal membrane in 9 eyes, idiopathic macular hole in 3 eyes, traumatic macular hole in 2 eyes and vitreo-macu lar tractional syndrome in 2 eyes. The course of disease ranged from 3 to 36 months with eyesight varied between 0.06 and 0.4.METHODS: 16 eyes underwent preoperative ophthalmic evaluation in cluding visual acuity measurement, Amsler chart test, slit lamp microscopy,.indirect ophthalmoscopy tonometry and optical coherence tomography (OCT). For the macular hole patients OCT was performed. 25-gauge Transconjunctival Sutureless Vitrectomy System (TSV25G) was used to carry on minimally invasive surgery under anesthesia state, the surgical parameter was set as: high speed cutter with rate of 1500 cuts per minute,BSS bottle was hang at height of 40-50 cm, the maximum aspiration of TSV25G was 550 mm Hg with the intraocular pressure remained at around 29-35 mmHg during the operation. Three-beveled trocar were used to make three-transeonjunctival incision on sclera of about 0.5 mm long respectively in the infratemporal, superotemporal, and supraotemporal quan drants, meanwhile a transconjunctival cannula was placed. One end of the infusion tube was inserted into the infratemporal cannula to establish infusion with the other two cannulas used for the intraocular operation with 25-gauge vitreous cutter and other instruments, such as vitreoectomy and membrane dislocation. The surgery was terminated by removing the cannula except for ceaseless leak, the conjunctival and scleral incision were not sutured. Patients received follow-up examination for 1-12 months postoperatively.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①The operative time and the time for the establishment of three access. ② Changes of intraocular pressure after operation. ③ The effusion from the puncture after the intraocular perfor mance. ④ The postoperative vision, operative complication and the sealing of the holes.RESULTS:All of the 16 patients completed the vitrectomy; and entered the data analysis.①16 patients complete the vitrectomy with the operative time of 28-56 minutes (the mean of 37 minutes). The average time for the establishment of three access and closing was 84 s and 32 s respectively.②The average preoperative intraocular pressure was 16.4 mm Hg,comparing with 13.5,15.5,17.9 mm Hg at postoperative 1 day, 1 w and 1 m. ③Water leakage were found in 4 wounds of three patients after operation, 3 wounds were sealed after injecting 1-2 mL disinfected air into the eyes, the other one sutured with 6-0 absorbable suture. ④The mean time of inpatients were 5 days postoperatively. The visual acuity improved in 14 patients by the average of three lines, amongst which visual acuity was found improved to above 0.8 in 5 patients and the visual distortion disappeared in 8 eyes and attenuated in 3 eyes. But still there were 2 cases without improvement.No surgical complications were noted and macular hole gained clinical sealing in totally 5 eyes.CONCLUSION: TSV25G system can simplify the surgical procedure with many other advantages such as decreasing the operation related injury and complications, as well as shortening operative time, which benefits the rapid rehabilitation.

Objective To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in the evaluation of the renal cortical perfusion in rabbits in low temperature conditions.Methods 20 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups,4 rabbits in each group:1) with the first group as the control group (under the conditions of room temperature) ; 2)The second group was treated under-15℃--23℃ for 8hours; 3)the third group was treated under-15℃--23℃ for 4 hours; 4)the fourth group was treated under-6℃--14℃ for 8 hours; 5) the fifth group was treated under-6℃--14℃ for 4 hours.SonoVue was injected via the ear vein at a dose of 0.1 ml/kg,the renal perfusion imaging was made,observing the dynamic image of 0-3 min after the injection and analyzing the time-intensity curves(TIC)obtained from the following parameters:the slope rate of ascending curve(A),the slope rate of descending curve(α),area under the curve (AUC),time to peak (TTP),and derived peak intensity(DPI).Results Compared with the control group,the A,α of the second and the fourth group were significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05),while the AUC was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05) and the TTP was significantly prolonged(P ＜0.05),for the third and the fifth group,only the A was decreased (P ＜0.05),and the DPI in each group showed no significant difference.Compared with the third and the fourth group,the AUC of the second group was increased and the TTP was prolonged (P ＜0.05).Conclusions Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can reflect the earlier renal cortical hemodynamic changes in rabbits in the low-temperature conditions,and is of great value for the early diagnosis of renal damage caused by low temperature.

Objective To evaluate the contribution of puboprostatic ligament-sparing technique in urinary continence after radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP). Methods A total of 74 men with clinically localized prostate cancer underwent RRP. Of whom, 50 patients were performed pubo-prostatic ligament-sparing technique(group A), while 24 patients were not(group B). Patients were evaluated by independent observer questionnaire to determine their urinary continence status. Results Mean patient age [(61.3±2.4) vs (60.8±2.1)years], serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values [14.3±1.2)ng/ml vs (14.7±1.3) ng/ml], operative time [(110.5±10.4)min vs (109.7±10.6) mini, estimated blood loss [(250.5±23.4) ml vs (253.4±22.3) ml], and positive surgical margin rate (6% vs 8%) were not significantly different between group A and B(P>0.05). The urinary con-tinence rate with the puboprostatic ligament-sparing technique at 1-year follow-up was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Concision The puboprostatic ligament-sparing technique significantly enhances post-operative urinary continence after RRP.

Objective To investigate the effects of preserving continence important structures during Studer pouch surgery. Methods Radical cystectomy and Studer orthotopic neobladder surgeries were performed on 68 male patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer.The anatomic configuration of the rhabdosphincter complex,pudendal nerve supply,and musculofascial support system to the proximal urethra were carefully preserved.The neobladder functions were then evaluated. Results The pathological classification of the 68 patients was as follows:T3a N0M0 in 20 cases and T2N0M0 in 48 cases.The patients were followed up for 6 to 36mon(mean 12 mon).Complete urinary continence was achieved in 67 patients 24 hours a day and the remained one had nocturnal incontinence.Of these patients,59 patients could urinate well without residual urine and the other 9 patients had residual urine of 20 to 30 ml. Conclusions A well-performed Studer pouch should pay specific attention to the anatomic configuration of the rhabdosphincter complex,pudendal nerve supply,and musculofascial support system to the proximal urethra to achieve the goal of maximizing continence preservation.

Objective To evaluate effectiveness of the applying pelvic double-slice retractor in the division of bladder and prostate pedicles in male patients with previous surgery history during radical cystectomy (RC) and anterograde radical prostatectomy (ARP). Methods The pelvic double-slice retractor was used to expose the bladder and prostate pedicles in 43 RC (30 cases with BMI ＞ 28 kg/m2,16 cases had previous partial cystectomy) and 37 ARP ( all cases with BMI ＞ 28 kg/m2 ). Results The pelvic double-slice retractor provided excellent exposure for the division of bladder and prostate pedicles.The handling of bladder and prostate pedicles became easy and safe without unnecessary bleeding and injury to the rectum.The median operating time to control the pedicles during RC and ARP were 12 min and 7 min,and the average blood loss were 30 ml and 20 ml,respectively. Conclusion The use of pelvic double-slice retractor for the exposure of the bladder and prostate pedicles is simple and effective in male patients with complicated pelvic anatomy during RC and ARP.

Objective:To observe the anti-carcinoma and immuno-regulatory effects of shikonin derivatives.Methods:A water-soluble preparation of shikonin derivatives was prepared (designated as LE)and given by lavage (2.5～10 mg/kg daily for 10 days) to the mice inoculated with either HepA22 or S180 sarcoma. Their survival duration and the in situ tumor mass were observed. Thymus and spleen indexes of the mice were measured. The parameters for immuno-functions were detected by the routine activity assays, which included NK cytotoxicity, ConA-induced lymphocyte transformation and IL-2 production by the splenocytes of the mice. Thymic and splenic morphology of the experimental animals were microscopically examined with HE staining.Results:Both thymic and splenic indexes in the tumor-bearing mice diminished extremely compared to those of the normal control, and the immunological functions analyzed were also found obviously lowered when loaded with the transplantable carcinomas. Under light microscopy, it was surprisingly exhibited that thymus cortex was almost disappeared in the organs of tumor-bearing mice, and the germinal centers of their spleens were visibly shrunk. LE inhibited propagation of the inoculated tumors and at the same time, it amended the immunosuppresive impacts by tumor-bearing, including both structures of immune organs and the bioactivities of spleen cells.Conclusion:LE can reverse the immune damages mediated by carcinomas.

Objective To investigate the impacts of drug administration processes on comfort, tolerability and adverse events in patients with chemotherapy for multiple myeloma. Methods A total of 113 patients with chemotherapy for multiple myeloma were randomly divided into control group (n=56) and observation group (n=57). The control group was treated with conventional drug administration procedures, while the observation group was treated with bortezomib subcutaneously by an optimized drug administration process. Comfort level, tolerability, adverse events and satisfaction rate for injection were compared between the two groups before and after intervention. Results After intervention, the observation group scored higher on the General Comfort Questionnaire (GCQ) for physiological dimension of (24.59±2.73), psychological dimension of (25.64±2.29), sociocultural dimension of (22.64±2.05), environmental of (11.79±1.37), and total score of (79.21±6.81) than (21.68±2.67), (22.05±2.16), (18.11±1.74), (9.42±1.46) and (63.52±6.34) respectively in the control group. Total chemotherapy course was (6.02±1.08) cycles in the observation group, which was less than (7.86±1.59) cycles in the control group, with a chemotherapy discontinuation rate of 8.77% versus 37.5%, and the full-dose and full-schedule chemotherapy completion rate of 96.49% versus to 82.14% between observation group and control group, and all the differences were statistical significant (P < 0.05). The overall incidence of liver-kidney function damage, thrombocytopenia, and peripheral neuropathy during medication administration was 3.51% in the observation group, which was significantly lower than 16.07% in the control group (P < 0.05). The satisfaction rate for injection in the observation group was 94.74%, which was significantly higher than 78.57% in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Optimizing the drug administration process can improve patient's comfort and tolerability during chemotherapy for multiple myeloma, reduce the incidence rate of adverse reactions, and has a high satisfaction rate for injection.