Objective To assess the value of enhanced multislice spiral CT (MSCT) scan using fat-dense enema for the staging of colorectal carcinoma.Methods 33 cases with colorectal carcinoma confirmed by colonoscopy were examined by enhanced MSCT scan ,from the dome of the diaphragm to symphysis pubica,after bowel cleaning,administration of smooth muscle relaxant, and rectal fat-dense contrast agent insuffation .Carcinomas were staged with TNM by axial,multiplannar reconstruction(MPR) and CT virtual endoscopy (CTVE) images. The staging results on CT were compared with that of postoperative pathological examination in all cases.Results All the 33 colorectal carcinoma were demonstrated clearly by MSCT ,the total accurate rate in staging with the TNM classification was 78.78%.The sensitivity and positive accurate values for T staging were 100%and 87.88%(29/33),respectively. The sensitivity and positive accurate values for in detecting lymph node involvement were 86.36%(19/22)and 68.18%(15/22), respectively. Five cases in M stage were all diagnosed correctly. Conclusion Using fat-dense contrast medium and enhanced multislice spiral CT is of very important value in staging of colorectal carcinoma.

Objective T o analyse the m etabolic changes in urine of rats w ith brodifacoum intoxication, and to reveal the m olecular m echanism of brodifacoum-induced toxicity on rats. Methods B y establish-ing a brodifacoum poisoning rats m odel, the urine m etabolic profiling data of rats w ere acquired using high performance liquid chromatography-timeofflightmassspectrometry (HPLC-TOF-M S).The orthogo-nal partial least squares analysis-discrim ination analysis (O PLS-D A ) w as applied for the m ultivariate statistics and the discovery of differential m etabolites closely related to toxicity of brodifacoum . Results O PLS-D A score plot show ed that the urinary m etabolic at different tim e points before and after drug adm inistration had good sim ilarity w ithin tim e period and presented clustering phenom enon. C om paring the urine sam ples of rats before drug adm inistration w ith w hich after drug adm inistration, tw enty-tw o m etabolites related to brodifacoum-induced toxicity w ere selected. Conclusion T he toxic effect of brodi-facoum w orked by disturbing the m etabolic pathw ays in rats such as tricarboxylic cycle, glycolysis, sphin-golipid m etabolism and tryptophan m etabolism , and the toxicity of brodifacoum is characterized of accu-m ulation effect. The m etabonom ic m ethod based on urine H PLC-TO F-M S can provide a novel insight into the study on m olecular m echanism of brodifacoum-induced toxicity.

Objective T o establish a gas chrom atography-m ass spectrom etry (G C-M S ) m ethod for the determ ination of sulfide ion in blood and apply it to the practical cases. Methods T he 1, 3, 5-tribro-m obenzene w as selected as an internal standard, and 0.2 m L blood sam ple w as collected and analyzed using G C-M S after α-B rom o-2, 3, 4, 5, 6-pentafluorobenzyl brom ide derivatization. Results T he m ass concentration of sulfide ion in blood had good linearity in the range of 0.2-40μg/m L w ith a lim it of detection (L O D ) of 0.05μg/m L . T he m ass concentration of sulfide ion w as less than 0.05μg/m L in blank blood from different sources such as healthy subjects and dead cases. In 3 sulfide poisoning cases, sul-fide ion w as detected in the blood sam ples of 6 victim s, and the m ass concentration range w as 1.02-3.13μg/m L . Conclusion T his study establishes a m ethod for investigation of sulfide ion in blood w hich has been applied successfully to the cases of fatal sulfide poisonings.

AIM To investigate the immunolore gulation effect of Angelica polysaccharide purified from Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels. METHODS Index of immune organs was weighed and caculated. Phagocytosis of mononuclear macrophage (M?) was determined with carbon particle clearance test. Spectrophotography was used to estimate levels of serum hemolysis IgG, IgM. Mixed lymphocyte reaction was measured by MTT assay. RESULTS In certain concentrations (10～100 mg?kg -1 ), Angelica polysaccharide significantly in creased phagocytic function and spleen index inboth normal and immunosuppression mice,caused by sc cyclophosphamide, but showed no obviouse influnence on thymus index. It also remarkbly decreased levels of serum hemolysis IgG, IgM. CONCLUSION These results suggest that Angelica polysaccharide has potent enhancement on non specific immunity. However, it could suppress humoral immunity.

Objective To investigate the expression and the effects of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) on lungs of rats with sepsis.Methods Forty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into two groups,namely sham group (n =8) and sepsis model group (n =32).The rats of model group were modeled by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP),and were further divided into four subgroups as per the time after modeling,namely 6 h (n =8),12 h (n =8),24 h (n =8),48 h (n =8)subgroups.Blood and lung samples were taken 6 h,12 h,24 h and 48 h after modeling.The histological changes in lungs of the rats were observed under light microscope.Expressions of TIMP-1 mRNA,Bax mRNA and Bcl-2 mRNA in lungs were measured by RT-PCR.The immunohistochemistry was used to label the CD18 in lungs during different phases of sepsis.The data were processed by t test.Results Compared with sham group,the lung tissues of rats in model group were injured to a certain extent after CLP.The expression of TIMP-1 mRNA and the number of CD18 positive cells increased at the same time (P ＜ 0.01),and peaked 24 hours later (P ＜ 0.01).While the expression of Bax mRNA in model group decreased markedly 12-48 hours after modeling (P ＜ 0.01-0.05),and reached minimum 48 hours later (P ＜ 0.01).The expression of Bcl-2 mRNA in model group changed unnoticeable.The positive correlation between variations in number of CD18 positive cells and expression of TIMP-1 mRNA was found in model group (r =0.426,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The increase in expression of TIMP-1 mRNA in lungs is closely associated with the lung injury of sepsis.The mechanism of lung injury is likely attributed to the preservation of inflammatory cells from apoptosis,and the persistent inflammation response causes tissue damage,leading to organ dysfunction.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of exercise on expression of protein kinase B (PKB) in adipose tissue of insulin resistant rats fed by high fat diet.Methods30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group (n=10),given basic diet; the model group (n=20), given fat diet. After 4 weeks, the model group was randomly divided into 2 subgroups, the insulin resistant group was continually given high fat diet, the exercise treated group accepted high fat food and swimming training. After 6 week intervention, the expression of PKB stimulated by insulin in adipose tissue was determined with Western blotting at the end of experiment.ResultsAfter long term high fat diet, expression of PKB in adipose tissue of the insulin resistant group decreased by 23.5% comparing with the control group (P<0.01). After 6 weeks swimming training, the expression of PKB of the exercise treated group was increased by 19.2% comparing with the insulin resistant group (P<0.01).ConclusionExercise treatment can significantly elevate the expression of PKB and ameliorate the state of insulin resistance.

OBJECTIVE: The possibility for the identification of GHB administration through hair analysis was investigated to provide method and information for toxicology examination of GHB. METHODS A GC/MS assay for GHB in hair was developed. Endogenous levels of GHB in hair, time course of GHB in hair, relationship between GHB levels in hair and hair color or administration dose were also established by guinea pig model. RESULTS: Endogenous levels of GHB in guinea pig black hair and human black hair were (3.01 +/- 1.41) ng/mg (n=28) and (1.02 +/- 0.27) ng/mg (n=20), respectively. GHB levels in black hair were increased by GHB administration and related with drug dosage, and also much higher than in brown and white hair. CONCLUSION Analysis of GHB in hair is suitable for investigation of GHB abuse in forensic toxicology and GHB level in segmental analysis compared with endogenous level of GHB may provide useful information about GHB administration.
Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Forensic Toxicology/methods* ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Guinea Pigs ; Hair/chemistry* ; Hair Color ; Humans ; Hydroxybutyrates/analysis* ; Male ; Substance Abuse Detection/methods* ; Time Factors

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of miR-92a regulating sonic hedgehog(SHH)pathway on promoting vascular regeneration after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury.Methods Primary cardiomyocytes were isolated from newborn SD rats(1 to 3 days old),and then cultured to establish a cellular model of hypoxia/reoxygenation injury.The cardiomyo-cytes were divided into cardiomyocyte normoxia group and cardiomyocyte I/R group.After miR-92a mimic and inhibitor were respectively transfected into primary cardiomyocytes to overex-press or lower its expression,the cells were then grouped into control,I/R,miR-92a mimic and in-hibitor groups.CCK-8 assay was used to determine cell viability,flow cytometry was employed to detect cell apoptosis,ELISA and QT-PCR were applied to detect the expression of VEGF,b-FGF and Ang-1,and Western blotting was performed to measure the expression of SHH signaling pathway related proteins.Results The expression level of miR-92a was significantly higher in the cardiomyocytes from the ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)group than the normoxia group(3.89±0.29 vs 1.53±0.19,P＜0.01).Statistical differences were observed among the control group,miR-92a inhibitor group,I/R group,and miR-92a mimic group in the protein levels of SHH(0.57±0.13 vs 0.51±0.11 vs 0.24±0.03 vs 0.14±0.02,P＜0.01),of Smoothened(SMO,0.53±0.12 vs 0.49± 0.10 vs 0.14±0.04 vs 0.09±0.01,P＜0.01),of glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1(Gli-1,0.56±0.14 vs 0.50±0.13 vs 0.15±0.03 vs 0.08±0.01,P＜0.01),and of glioma-associated onco-gene homolog 2(Gli-2,0.58±0.11 vs 0.49±0.12 vs 0.18±0.02 vs 0.11±0.03,P＜0.01).Conclu-sion MiR-92a is abnormally highly expressed in cardiomyocytes after I/R injury,and inhibition of miR-92a can activate SHH signaling pathway to promote the expression of angiogenesis factors effectively.

Objective To compare and analyze the clinical outcomes of apically repositioned flap surgery and free gingival graft on keratinized gingival augmentation. Methods Totally 30 partially edentulous patients treated with submerged implant surgery in mandibular molar area were recruited and divided into three groups:group 1(mean age:41 years) and group 2 (mean age:25 years) received free gingival graft 1 month after submerged implant surgery and second stage implant surgery3 months after submerged implant surgery;group 3(mean age:44 years) received apically repositioned flap and second stage implant surgery 3 months after submerged implant surgery. The widths of keratinized gingiva were measured respectively at the time before the apically repositioned flap surgery/free gingival graft and 1 month, 6 months after the surgery. The thickness of keratinized gingiva was measured during the operation. Results The widths of peri-implant keratinized gingiva of group 1 and group 2 were (3.1 ± 1.2) mm and (3.5 ± 1.0) mm 1 month after the free gingival graft surgery, (3.0 ± 1.3) mm and (3.5 ± 1.0) mm 6 months after the free gingival graft surgery, respectively. The widths of peri-implant keratinized gingiva in group 1 and group 2 demonstrated no statistically significant differences(P>0.05). The widths of peri-implant keratinized gingiva of group 3 was (2.6±0.5) mm 1 month after the apically repositioned flap surgery, (1.9±0.3) mm 6 months after the apically repositioned flap surgery, respectively. The widths of peri-implant keratinized gingiva(1 month and 6 months after the apically repositioned flap surgery) in group 3 showed statistically significant differences when compared with group 1 and group 2(P=0.008, P=0.000). Conclusions The implant area treated with free gingival graft or apically repositioned flap exhibited increased width of the keratinized gingiva. The implants treated with free gingival graft exhibited more increased width of the keratinized gingiva compared with those treated with apically repositioned flap. Age showed little impact on keratinized gingival augmentation.

Objective To explore the effects of intestinal trefoil factor ( ITF) on gastric mucosal epithelial cell proliferation and its possible molecular mechanism . Methods The cultured GES-1 cells were treated with ITF in the concentration of 100 ng/mL and 500 ng/mL in vitro, and then were observed using microscope for the morphological analysis .The Cell Counting Kit-8 ( CCK-8) was used to detect the proliferation activity of GES-1.The cultured GES-1 cells were treated with 100 ng/mL ITF and the specific inhibitor of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway LY294002 (15μmol/L) in vitro, and then were observed using microscope for the morphological analysis . The proliferation activity of treated GES-1cells was detected using CCK-8 and the expressions of p-Akt and Akt of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway were determined by Western blot . Results Compared with the control group , the proliferation activity of GES-1 cells in-creased after being treated with ITF and the higher concentration of ITF induced the higher proliferation activity .LY294002 inhibited the increased proliferation activity of GES-1induced by ITF.The data of Western blot indicated that ITF induced the expression of p -Akt and activated the P3IK/Akt signaling pathway to modulate the proliferation activity of GES -1 cells.However, LY294002 inhibited the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and then decreased the proliferation activity of GES -1 cells. Conclusion ITF could promote the proliferation ac-tivity of GES-1 cells by activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway .