ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of National Natural Science Foundation ( NSFC ) on the progress of the discipline of endocrine and metabolic research from 1987 to 2010.MethodsThe data regarding the NSFC allocated to endocrine and metabolic research from 1987 to 2010 were collected.Total expenses and numbers of the majority of programs,unit distribution,times of funding and the situation of completed program finished in recent two years were provided.ResultsFrom 1987 to 2010,a total of 731 projects and 178 398 thousands Yuan expenses of NSFC were allocated to endocrine and metabolic research.The detailed allocations are as follows:general program ( n =462 ),Young Scientists Fund ( n =187 ),regional fund ( n =28 ),Key Program ( n =9 ),National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars ( n =5 ),Joint Research Fund for Overseas Chinese Young Scholars( n =2 ),Fund for Creative Research Groups ( n =1 ),International ( regional )joint research program ( n =11 ),and the others ( n =26 ).Taking the projects ( n =102 ) completed in 2009 and 2010 as an example,279 papers were published in Science Citation Index ( SCI ) included journals and 236 papers were published in Chinese journals.During the time of the projects completed,8 post-doctoral students,169 students for PhD degree,and 227 students for Master degree have been graduated.ConclusionOver the past 25 years,the continuously increased funding of NSFC on endowrine and metabolic research has led to substantial achievement.The grants of talent training and research program have increased dramatically,and the units of funding increased yearly.Talent training and subject-specific development have increased greatly.

cDNA of human interleukin-8 was expressed in E. coli bacteria, and recombi-nant human interleukin-8 ( rhIL- 8 ) was produced. The latter was used for treatment of rat intestinal ischemia-reperfusion(I-R) injury, and it was found that rhIL-8 significantly improved the hypotensive state of the animals,and it also inhibited the elevation of plasma endothelin level , decreased the intestinal myeloperoxidase activity, and obviously prolonged the survival timeof the animals. Perfusion of isolated rat superior mesenteric artery with rhIL-8 markedly inhibited endothelin synthesis or (and) release induced by anoxia. The above results suggest that rhIL- 8 may be an effective preventive and therapeutic agent for I-R injury through its inhibition on leukocyte adhesion and endothelin synthesis or (and) release.

Objective To summarize the nursing experience of a child with serious skin problems at the puncturing site of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) for methotrexate (MTX) infusion.MethodsA pediatric patient from the Hematology Ward of Beijing University People''s Hospital was found to be with serious skin problems at the puncturing site of PICC for MTX infusion.Local irradiation with ultraviolet, disinfection of local skin with iodine volts and 0.9％ sodium chloride injection, coverage of the broken skin with alginate dressing, and fixation of PICC with sterile gauzes were applied.Results After 22 days of nursing, the pain and itching at the broken skin around PICC disappeared.The skin returned normal, without exudates and prolapse of catheter.Conclusions After MTX use via PICC, the children can easily become irritable due to local symptoms and their own feelings after skin allergy.Meanwhile, prolonged treatment and nursing may make the child cry and increase the stress of parents.Caregivers needs to explain the related factors of allergy to the children and their families, and give the correct nursing intervention, so as to improve local allergy and facilitate the retention of PICC.

objective To analyze the correlation between the level of serum uric acid and the clinical and pathological features of IgA nephropathy.Methods Totally 148 patients diagnosed as IgA nephropathy by renal biopsy in our hospital from January 2007 to December 2010 were divided into hyperuricaemic group(41 cases)and non-hyperuricaemic group(107 cases)according to the level of serum uric acid.The clinical parameters and renal pathology grade were compared.Results There were significant differences between hyperuricaemic group and non-hyperuricaemic group in the incidences of hypertension(63.4%vs 38.3%),disease duration[(18.90±10.12)months vs(9.46±3.91)months]and body mass index[(22.81±3.60)kg/m2vs(15.32±2.54)kg/m2](all P<0.05),while no differences in age and sex(both P>0.05).The blood urea nitrogen(BUN)[(8.93±4.28)mmol/L vs (5.21±2.18)mmol/L],creatinine(Cr)[(155.96±107.72)μmol/L vs(79.52±40.01)μmol/L],serum triglycerides[(2.11±1.06)mmoVL vs(1.86±1.20)mmol/L]and 24-hour urine protein amount [(4328.16±1434.25)mg/24 h vs(2885.10±1388.15)mg/24 h]were significantly different between the two groups(all P<0.05).The percentage of Lee's grade I+Ⅱin hyperuricaemic group was 12.2%,and IV+V grade was 39.0%,while percentage of Lee's grade I+Ⅱin non-hyperuricaemic group was 25.2%,and IV+V grade was 16.9%(P<0.05).Tubulointerstitial lesions(TIL)gradeⅢ+IV was more in hyperuricaemic group,which was 68.3%,while TIL grade II was more in non-hyperuricaemic group,which was 76.6%.Renal artery damage grade II+Ⅲ was more in hyperuricaemic group.which was 73.2%,while renal artery damage grade 0+1 was more in non-hyperuricaemic group,which was 69.2%.Conclusion The level of serum uric acid was related with 24-hour urine protein amount,blood pressure and kidney function in IgA nephropathy,and Lee's grade,TIL grade and renal artery damage grade were severe in hyperuricaemic group.

AIM: To investigate the change of heme oxygenase (HO)-carbon monoxide (CO)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway in vascular calcification, to clarify the cellular and molecular mechanimsm in vascular calcification.METHODS: Vascular calcification model was established in rats by using vitamin D 3 and nicotine. The relative content of HO-1 mRNA, immunochemistry (IH) for HO-1, HO activity, HbCO formation and content of cGMP in aorta were measured. RESULTS: Compared to those of control rats, the HO-1 mRNA level in vessels of rats in VDN group(vascular calcification group) were decreased by 34.9% ( P

Objective To setup a measurement of human bone marrow micromegakaryocyte which based on CD41a and PI double‐labeled flow cytometric analysis ,and study the significance in the diagnosis of MDS .Methods In 42 cases of MDS patients , their bone marrow megakaryocytes were obtained by Percoll density gradient separation medium .The megakaryocyte glycoproteinⅡb/Ⅲa(CD41a)were marked with fluorescein isothiocyanate through its corresponding monoclonal antibody ,and their DNA were marked with PI .Then the megakaryocyte ploidy was analyzed by flow cytometry(FCM ) .Results The method for micromegakaryo‐cyte identification and analysis was established .In 42 patients with MDS ,the detection rate of micromegakaryocyte was 90 .5 per‐cent by FCM analysis ,but only 54 .8 percent by Wright‐Giemsa staining test and 64 .3 percent by immunohistochemistry ,the differ‐ence among them was statistically significant(χ2 = 13 .640 ,P= 0 .001) .The 42 patients with MDS were divided into two groups (low‐risk group and high‐risk group) .The detection rates of micromegakaryocyte were 81 .8 percent in low‐risk group and 100 per‐cent in high‐risk group separately by FCM analysis ,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =4 .019 ,P=0 .045) .Conclusion The detection rate of micromegakaryocyte by FCM with CD41a and PI double marker is higher than that by cytochemical staining . The detection rate of micromegakaryocyte in the high‐risk group is higher than that of the low‐risk group ,which shows that the de‐tection of micromegakaryocyte is of great significance for MDS prognosis assessment .

AIM: To study alterations of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in cardiac sarcop lasmic reticulum from rats with myocardial calcification, and to explore the mec hanism of inhibition of SR function in the rats with myocardial calcification. METHODS: The myocardial calcification rat models were prepared by vit amin D3 plus nicotine for 2 weeks and 6 weeks. Cardiac SR was separated by centrifugating. T he nitric oxide (NO) production, NOS activity and NOS protein expression in the SR were perfor med. RESULTS: Compared with control, myocardial calcium content in t he 6 weeks i ncreased by 408%(P

Objective To improve the quality of the clinical hematologic examination laboratories in national free preconception health examination project by using randomized blind sample test in the external quality assessment (EQA ) schemes .Methods Blind samples for clinical hematologic examination were prepared as higher ,middle ,lower three levels .Samples were dispensed in u‐nified way which included 4 times conventional EQA and in random way which included 1 time blind sample test .Samples will be tested by Clinical hematologic examination laboratories in national free preconception health examination project .The feedback re‐sults were summarized and analyzed by EQA organizer .Results In 4 times of conventional EQA ,the rates of accepted score of 134 laboratories were 72 .4% ,97 .8% ,97 .0% and 98 .5% respectively .The rates of accepted score in last three times were statistically significant higher than that in the first time(P<0 .05) .However ,the rates of accepted score (84 .3% ) in randomized blind sample test were significant lower than that(97 .0% ) in conventional EQA which was conducted at the same time(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The use of randomized blind sample test may help the EQA organizer to find the problems in laboratories participated EQA and find effective way to improve the quality of the laboratories .

AIM: To observe the change of nitric oxide (NO) generation system in the vascular adventitia, media and intima in septic shock rats. METHODS: The septic shock model was made in rats by caecal ligation and puncture. The intima, media and adventitia of the rat aorta were separated. NO production (NO - 2) , nitric oxide synthase(NOS) activity and L-arginine (L-Arg) transport were measured, separately. Inducible NOS (iNOS) distribution was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Both in early and late stage of septic shock, NO - 2 from the intima was decreased by 66.1% and 78.9%( P

Objective To evaluate the value of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)in distinguishing the solid solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN).Methods 42 patients with SPN (malignant in 25 and benign in 1 7)who were confirmed by operation,biopsy or follow up after treatment underwent routine chest T1 WI,T2 WI and DWI.The b values were chosen as 300,500,800 and 1 000 s/mm2 ,and the corresponding apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)values and the signal intensity (SI)were respectively measured.Results The ADC values and SI of benign and malignant SPNs were gradually reduced with increasing b value.The ADC value between benign and malignant SPNs was statistically significant with b value of 500 s/mm2 (P 500 =0.03 <0.05 ),meanwhile the SI was statistically significant with b values from 300 to 1000 s/mm2 (P 300 <0.001,P 500 =0.03 <0.05,P 800 =0.01 <0.05, P 1 000 =0.02<0.05).Conclusion Both SI and ADC value of DWI play important role in distinguishing benign and malignant SPNs, and the diagnostic efficiency of SI is superior to ADC value.