Objective To evaluate the effect of sofren injection on acute lung injury (ALI) in septic mice.Methods Ninety-six pathogen-free made Kunming mice,aged 8-10 weeks,weighing 30-35 g,were divided into 4 groups (n =24 each) using a randon number table:sham operation group (group Sham),ALI group,vehicle group (group Vehicle) and sofren injection group (group Sofren).Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture.In Vehicle and Sofren groups,double distilled water and sofren injection 4 ml/kg were intraperitoneally injected,respectively,after the model was established,followed by repeated admninistration once every 12 h.At 12,24 and 48 h after operation,the animals were sacrificed and lungs were removed for mnicroscopic examination and for determination of wet to dry weight ratio (W/D ratio),malondialdehyde (MDA) content,superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity,and contents of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in lung tissues (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay).The lung injury score (LIS) was calculated after haematoxylin and eosin staining.Results Compared with group Sham,the LIS,W/D ratio and contents of MDA,TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased,and the SOD activity was decreased at each time point in ALI and Vehicle groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group ALI,the LIS,W/D ratio and contents of MDA,TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased,and the SOD activity was increased at each time point in group Sofren (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in each parameter mentioned above in group Vehicle (P＞0.05).Conclusion Sofren injection can attenuate ALI in septic mice.

Objective To investigate the rate of employing angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEI/ARB) therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Gansu,Ningxia,Qinghai and Xinjiang provinces from 2001 to 2011,in order to determine the factors affecting the use of ACEI/ARB.Methods The original data of this study were obtained from the China PEACE,a national retrospective study of AMI to evaluate clinical outcome of coronary heart disease from 31 provinces.A part of these data was selected from 8 cooperative hospitals (2 hospitals were tertiary class and 6 hospitals were secondary class) from Gansu,Ningxia,Qinghai and,Xinjiang provinces for further analyses.The clinical data of AMI patients in 2001,2006 and 2011 were collected to analyze the use of ACEI/ARB therapy in each of these years.Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing the use of ACEI/ARB.Results Of 311 eligible patients included,300 were categorized into Class Ⅰ AMI and 11 into Class Ⅱ a AMI according to Chinese guidelines.From 2001 to 2011,there wassignificant change in the use of ACEI/ARB in term of percentage in patients with Class Ⅰ AMI (69.57％,82.19％ and 60.77％,P =0.033),but such change did not occur in patients with Class Ⅱa AMI (40％,0％ and 60％,P =0.525).Among three specific years,the percentage of ACEIs employed was noticeably higher than that of ARBs.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that patients with hypertension (OR =2.3,95％ CI:1.3-4.1),heart failure (OR =1.95,95％ CI:1.7-5.8),smoking indulgence (OR =2.0,95％ CI:1.2-3.6) were more likely to be treated with ACEI/ARB,and patients with prior stroke (OR=0.3,95％CI:0.1-0.8),systolic blood pressure ＜90 mmHg (OR =0.1,95％CI:0-0.5)were less likely to be treated with ACEI/ARB.Conclusiorns In underdeveloped areas such as Gansu,Ningxia,Qinghai and Xinjiang provinces,the overall proportion of rational and necessary use of ACEI/ARB use in patients with AMI during hospitalization is still low.The rational use of ACEI/ARB lags behind the advance of medical condition progress,economic development and information availability,especially in patients with a history of stroke,low blood pressure.Patients with hypertension,heart failure,smoking indulgence were more likely to get ACEI/ARB therapy.The main reasons of this phenomenon were attributed to firstly the thorough understanding of standard medication guide to coronary heart disease to be lacking among some professionals,secondly,the side effects of these drugs to be unnecessary worried about among certain of doctors,and thirdly,low awareness of the pathogenesis of AMI disease and the lack of concerning for patients to be existent.

BACKGROUNDBased on the excellent medical care and management system for Chinese veterans, as well as the detailed medical documentation available, we aim to construct a Chinese Veteran Clinical Research (CVCR) platform on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and carry out studies of the primary disabling NCDs.

METHODSThe Geriatric Neurology Department of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital and veterans' hospitals serve as the leading and participating units in the platform construction. The fundamental constituents of the platform are veteran communities. Stratified typical cluster sampling is adopted to recruit veteran communities. A cross-sectional study of mental, neurological, and substance use (MNS) disorders are performed in two stages using screening scale such as the Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal cognitive assessment, followed by systematic neuropsychological assessments to make clinical diagnoses, evaluated disease awareness and care situation.

RESULTSA total of 9 676 among 277 veteran communities from 18 cities are recruited into this platform, yielding a response rate of 83.86%. 8 812 subjects complete the MNS subproject screening and total response rate is 91.70%. The average participant age is (82.01±4.61) years, 69.47% of veterans are 80 years or older. Most participants are male (94.01%), 83.36% of subjects have at least a junior high school degree. The overall health status of veterans is good and stable. The most common NCD are cardiovascular disorders (86.44%), urinary and genital diseases (73.14%), eye and ear problems (66.25%), endocrine (56.56%) and neuro-psychiatric disturbances (50.78%).

CONCLUSIONWe first construct a veterans' comprehensive clinical research platform for the study of NCDs that is primarily composed of highly educated Chinese males of advanced age and utilize this platform to complete a cross-sectional national investigation of MNS disorders among veterans. The good and stable health condition of the veterans could facilitate the long-term follow-up studies of NCDs and provide prospective data to the prevention and management of NCDs.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disease ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Veterans ; statistics & numerical data