Base on the Kawakita powder compression equation, a general theoretical model for predicting the compression characteristics of multi-components pharmaceutical powders with different mass ratios was developed. The uniaxial flat-face compression tests of powder lactose, starch and microcrystalline cellulose were carried out, separately. Therefore, the Kawakita equation parameters of the powder materials were obtained. The uniaxial flat-face compression tests of the powder mixtures of lactose, starch, microcrystalline cellulose and sodium stearyl fumarate with five mass ratios were conducted, through which, the correlation between mixture density and loading pressure and the Kawakita equation curves were obtained. Finally, the theoretical prediction values were compared with experimental results. The analysis showed that the errors in predicting mixture densities were less than 5.0% and the errors of Kawakita vertical coordinate were within 4.6%, which indicated that the theoretical model could be used to predict the direct compaction characteristics of multi-component pharmaceutical powders.

Objective:To study the relation among nm23-H 1 expression,DNA contents and lymph node metastases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).Methods:Fresh specimens from 30 previously untreated patients with HNSCC were examined for the determination of nm23-H 1 expression with immunohistochemistry, Aneuploid and S-phase fraction(SPF) with flow cytometry(FCM).The association among these parameters with lymph node metastases was studied.Results: nm23-H 1 expression was found in 18 cases (60%).and aneuploid in 20 (66.7%).Correlation was found between lymph node metastasis and nm23-H 1 protein expression (P

The effect of transcutaneous stimulation to Hegu, Fengchi and Yuyao points with Han's Acupoint Nerve Stimulator on enflurane anesthsia and the hemodynamic changes during craniotomy were studied in 80 neurosurgical patients. The results showed that acupoint electric stimulation decreased the inhalating concentration and consumption of enflurane. The expired concentration of enflurane in HANS group was significantly lower than that in control group by a reduction of 37.8 % -47. 0%. The cardiovascular depression was lesser during operation, and the patients recovered faster and more stable after operation in HANS group. It was concluded that acupoint stimulation with HANS significantly potentiated the anesthetic effect and decraesed the side effect of enflurane.

Objective To investigate biomechanical characteristics of flexor profundus tendon repaired by modified Kessler or Tsuge technique in the early of postoperative period, and to discuss the feasibility of using two techniques in flexor tendon repair in order to proceed early active or passive mobilization protocols. Methods 42 Sanhuang cocks were randomly divided into two groups. The second and fourth flexor digitorium profoundus tendons of cocks were severed at the middle phalanx transversely and repaired by modified Kessler or Tsuge technique respectively, postoperative plaster cast immobilization was maintained for 3 weeks. The repaired tendons were harvested at 7 time intervals-immediately after repair, 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21 days after operation and stored at  20 ℃ in a refrigerator until biomechanical test. A tensile strength-elongation curve was obtained for each tendon sample. Biomechanical parameters including tensile strength of rupture and elongation ratio of rupture were calculated from the curve automatically by testing machine. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Independent-samples t test for inter-group comparison; One way ANOVA and SNK q test for inter-group comparison. Results The tensile strength of rupture dropped to the lowest level between 10th and 14th day and resumed its original level immediately after repair at 21st day in modified Kessler group; while in Tsuge group, it decreased at 10th day, then slowly rised up at 14th day but still didnt reach the original level at 21st day. There was no significant difference between two repair methods after 4th day after operation. The elongation ratio of rupture was lowered significantly since 7th day in modified Kessler method, but 4th day in Tsuge method and decreased consistently until 3 weeks postoperatively. There was no significant difference between the two suture methods at any time-intervals. Conclusion The rather high biomechanical characteristics of Tsuge method loses quickly in the early period of tendon healing and resumes slowly; Modified Kessler method maintains its biomechanical properties at all time-intervals except 10th day.

005)The complete block times were (270?22)min, (204?14)min and (129?12)min respectively, with significant differences among three groups (P

Objective:To observe the changes of serum progastrin-releasing peptide (Pro-GRP) and neuron specific enolase (NSE) levels in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy and their significances.Methods:The data of 80 patients with SCLC who were admitted to Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from June 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, and the patients were divided into the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group (26 cases) and chemotherapy alone group (54 cases). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and electrochemiluminescence method were used to detect serum Pro-GRP and NSE levels before and after treatment; and the association of Pro-GRP and NSE levels with patients' condition, treatment method, treatment stage and treatment efficacy was analyzed.Results:Among 80 patients with SCLC, Pro-GRP level of patients with limited-stage [127.43 pg/ml (17.61- 1 547.30 pg/ml)] was lower than that of patients with extensive-stage [547.87 pg/ml (20.20-2 111.00 pg/ml)], and the difference was statistically significant ( U = 312.65, P < 0.01). NSE level of patients with limited-stage [25.02 μg/L (4.72-64.64 μg/L)] was also lower than that of patients with extensive-stage [88.08 μg/L (5.52-104.64 μg/L)], and the difference was statistically significant ( U = 203.14, P < 0.01). The levels of Pro-GRP and NSE in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group and the chemotherapy alone group were decreased after 2 and 4 cycles of chemotherapy compared with those before treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.01); the decrease range in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group was more than that in the chemotherapy alone group, but the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant (all P > 0.05). The objective response rate in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group was 96.15% (25/26), which was higher than that in the chemotherapy alone group [70.37% (38/54)], and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 6.972, P = 0.008). Conclusions:The serum levels of Pro-GRP and NSE for patients with SCLC in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy can reflect the changes of the condition of SCLC patients. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is more effective compared with the chemotherapy alone in the treatment of SCLC.

Objective To observe the effects of fosamax on the fracture healing and the bone mineral density(BMD)in postmenopausal women with radius distal osteoporotic fracture(RDOF).Methods All the 62 patients with RDOF were randomly divided into 2 groups after the fracture was fixed manually.Thirty-two patients in treated group took fosamax 1 tablet(70 mg)per week for 12 weeks and caltrate D 600 mg per day,while the other 30 patients in control group took caltrate D 600 mg per day only.The BMD and the fracture healing time were detected after 12 weeks' treatment.Results The fracture healing time was(9.31±2.50)weeks in treated group and was(13.0±2.8)weeks in control group(t=5.54,P＜0.01).BMD was significantly increased after treatment in treated group[(0.615±0.075)g/cm2 vs.(0.665±0.085)g/cm2,t=2.50,P＜0.05],while there was no obvious change of BMD in control group[(0.620±0.085)g/cm2 vs.(0.617±0.075)g/cm2,P＞0.05].BMD was higher in treated group than in control group after treatment(t=2.46,P＜0.05). Conclusions Fosamax can promote formation of bony callus,increase BMD and shorten external fixation time of radius distal osteoporotic fracture in postmenopausal women.

Objective To evaluate the value of the periportal free air(PPFA) sign at computed tomography(CT) in distinguishing between upper and lower gastrointestinal(GI) tract perforation. Methods CT images of 62 patients with surgically proven GI tract perforation were retrospectively analyzed. 62 cases included upper and lower GI tract perforation in 35 cases and 27 cases,respective-ly. When there was free air in the periportal area,it was defined as positive periportal free air(PPFA) sign. The difference of PPFA sign in upper and lower GI tract perforation, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and ac-curacy of PPFA sign in diagnosing gastrointestinal perforation were analysed respectively. Results The PPFA sign was seen in 33 of 35(94%) patients with upper GI tract perforation,but only in 10 of 27 (37%) patients with lower GI tract perforation,there was sig-nificant difference between them(P<0.05). For diagnosis of super GI perforation with PPFA sign, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accuracy were 94% (33/35), 63%(17/27), 770%(33/43), 89%(17/19) and 81% (50/ 62), respectively. Conclusion The PPFA sign is a useful finding in distinguishing between upper and lower GI tract perforation.

Objective To investigate the effect of propofol combined with remifentanil or sufentanil on cognitive function in patients undergoing awake craniotomy. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ neurosurgical patients undergoing resection of glioma in cerebral cortical functional area were divided into 2 groups by random digits table: propofol + remifentanil (group RF, 30 cases) and propofol + sufentanil (group SF, 30 cases). Scalp nerve block and local infiltration of incision and dura mater were performed in both groups with 0.5% ropivacaine. Propofol, remifentanil and sufentanil were administered by target controlled infusion. The target plasma concentration of remifentanil was set at 1-2 ng/ml and that of sufentanil at 0.1-0.2 ng/ml,propofol was set at 3-6 μg/ml at open skull stage. The patients were inserted laryngeal mask and mechanically ventilated. Bispectral index (BIS) was monitored as the depth of anesthesia. Mini-mental scale examination (MMSE) was investigated at the time of preoperative,intraoperative wake-up after the patients had been targeted capacity. Results Blood concentration of propofol in group RF was (1.10 ± 0.06)μg/ml, group SF was (0.98 ± 0.05)μ g/ml in patients during intraoperative wake-up. BIS in group RF changed from 46.4 ± 2.5 to 90.8 ± 3.2 during wake-up, group SF from 44.8 ± 2.1 to 89.9 ± 3.2. The cognitive function score was not significantly different at the time of preoperative and intraoperative assessment. Conclusion Propofol combined with remifentanil or sufentanil has no effect on cognitive function for the patients undergoing awake craniotomy.

Objective To compare the biomechanical stabilities of 2 fixations for oblique split fractures of tibial plateau. Methods Oblique split fractures of the medial tibial plateau were simulated by osteotomy in 6 pairs of fresh tibia of adult swine. One fracture of each pair was fixed with 3 lag screws parallel to the articular surface whereas the contralateral site was stabilized with 3 lag screws vertical to the fracture line. The maximum anti. Compression load, the maximum power consumption at the maximum load.the load and power consumption at the 2 mm subsidence of articular surface were measured and recorded. Results There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in the maximum anti-compression load. The maximum power consumption at the maximum load, the load and power consumption at the 2 mm subsidence of articular surface. Conclusion Vertical fixation may not provide a biomechanical advanrage over the parallel fixation in stabilizing oblique split fractures of tibia plateau.