Objective To analyze the factors influencing the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer.Methods The clinical data of 276 patients with pancreatic cancer who had been admitted to our department from September 1995 to August 2005 were retrospectively analyzed.Cox regression analysis was used to screen out independent risk factors influencing the prognosis of patients with pancreatic head cancer or pancreatic body and tail cancer,and Kaplan-Meier method to calculate the median survival time.The effects of tumor location on the prognosis were examined by Log-rank and Breslow test.Results Cox regression analysis showed that the diameter of tumor,invasion of the superior mesenteric vessel and treatment method were the independent risk factors influencing the prognosis of patients with pancreatic head cancer;while age,lymphadenectasis and treatment method were the independent risk factors influencing the prognosis of patients with pancreatic body and tail cancer.The median survival time of patients with pancreatic head cancer and pancreatic body and tail cancer after radical resection were 460 days and 480 days,which were significantly longer than 240 days and 200 days of patients who received palliative treatment or gave up treatment.The median survival time of patients with whole pancreatic cancer was 117 days,which was significantly shorter than 330 days of patients with pancreatic head cancer and 300 days of pancreatic body and tail cancer.Conclusions Radieal resection is currently the best choice for pancreatic cancer.The prognosis is poor for patients with pancreatic head cancer(diameter≥4 cm)and invasion of the superior mesenteric vessel.Patients with age≤60 and lymphadenectasis are the factors resulting in poor prognosis of pancreatic body and tail cancer.The prognosis of patients with pancreatic head cancer and pancreatic body and tail cancer are close.Patients with whole pancreatic cancer is in the terminal stage with the worst prognosis.

Objective To evaluate the long-term efficacy of modified loop choledochojejunostomy (MLC). Methods The clinical data of 259 patients who had underwent choledochojejunostomy in First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from January 2000 to December 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. Of all the patients, 130 underwent MLC (MLC group) and 129 underwent Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostemy (RYC, RYC group). The changes in incidence of cholangitis and liver function between the 2 groups were compared. All the data were analyzed by t test, chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Results The levels of alaninetransa-minase and alkaline phosphomonoesterase were (63±42) U/L and (147±147) U/L in MLC group, and (84±52)U/L and (256±201)U/L in RYC group, with statistical difference between the 2 groups (t=1.634, 1.655, P>0.05). The level of gamma-glutamyl transferase in MLC group was (116±91)U/L, which was signifieandy lower than (169±96)U/L in RYC group (t=2.461, P<0.05). Three patients (2.3%) in MLC group and 9 (7.0%) in RYC group suffered from acute cholangitis after operation, with no statistical difference in the incidence between the 2 groups (P>0.05). Of the 12 patients with acute cholangids, 1 in MLC group and 7 in RYC group were hospitalized, with statistical difference between the 2 groups (P<0.05). Conclusions The incidence of acute cholangitis in patients who underwent MLC is comparable to that of RYC. However, the procedure of MLC is simpler than RYC, and patients have milder symptom and lesser frequency of reflux cholangitis onset after MLC.

Objective To evaluate risk factors of hepatectomy for patients with large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Clinical data of 310 large HCC cases receiving hepatctomy were analyzed retrospectively. Results Hepatitis B infection rate was 60.7% in this group with cirrhosis rate of 66.8%. Tumor size averaged at (9.4?3.8) cm in diameter. Child A grade was found in 51.0% of cases, Child B in 36.8% and Child C in 12.3%. Pringle′s procedure, semi-liver blood occlusion and modified Heaney procedure were used in 31.6%, 11.0% and 2.3% of cases respectively, with occlusion time of ( 17?8) min, (25?9) min and (20?10) min, respectively. Left lateral lobectomy, left hemihepatectomy, right hemihepatectomy and segmentectomy were performed in 17.1%, 11.6%, 9.0%, and 62.3% cases, respectively. Blood loss, blood transfusion and operation duration were (820?1 151) ml, (966?945) ml and (182?74) min, respectively. The overall morbidity and liver failure were 22.3%, and 5.8%, respectively, with an operative mortality of 2.6%. The univariate analysis for liver failure revealed its risk factors being preoperative AST value(P

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of oetreotide (OCT) on DENA related hepatoeareinogenesis in rats. Methods Fresh diethylnitrosamine (DENA) solution was given to induce the model of rat hepatoeellular carcinoma. The rats were divided randomly into two groups: OCT treatment group and control group. The survival rate and hepatoeareinogenesis rate were observed. SSTR2 mRNA and protein expression were measured. Results The survival rote of OCT treatment group (70.0%, 7/10) was significantly higher than that of control group (30.0%, 6/20) (X2 = 4.344, P<0.05). 16 weeks after DENA treatment, the difference of bepatoearcinogenesis rate between the two groups was not remarkable though the value of OCT treatment group (0%, 0/10) was lower than that of control groups (30.0%, 6/20)(X2 = 3.750, P＞0.05). However, 22 weeks after DENA treatment, hepatoeareinogenesis in control group (83.3%, 10/12) was markedly higher than that in OCT treatment group (22.2% , 2/9)(X2 =7.843, P<0.01). With liver cirrhosis progressing, the expressions of SSTR2 mRNA and protein increased, and reached the peak 16 weeks after DENA treatment, then began to decrease. The expressions of SSTR2 mRNA and protein in hepatocellular carcinoma were significantly lower than those in the liver 22 weeks after DENA treatment (F = 35.010 and 13. 386, P<0.01). The expression levels in OCT treatment group were similar to those in control group 8 and 16 weeks after DENA treatment. But the expression levels in OCT group 22 weeks after DENA treatment didn't lower markedly, and were higher significantly than those in control group (t = 2.806 and 4.498, P<0.05). Conclusion OCT can inhibit efficiently hepatocareinogenesis and reduce the mortality of rots treated with DENA possibly by a mechanism maintaining the expression levels of SSTR2.

Objective To evaluate the impact of early enteral nutrition (EEN) compared with parenteral nutrition (PN) on patients after hepatectomy. Methods Seventy-eight patients undergoing liver resection were randomized prospectively into two groups: EEN group receiving early enteral nutrition (n=35) and PN group receiving parenteral nutrition (n=43). The patients in both groups received isocaloric and isonitrogenous nutritional formulas 24 h after operation and the formulas were stopped on postoperative day 7. The general conditions, liver function tests, clinical complications,and clinical nutritional variables at three time points that included preoperative phase, postoperative day 1 (POD 1) and postoperative day 8 (POD 8) were observed. Results No significant differences were found in length of hospital stay, liver function and clinical nutritional variables between the 2 groups. In the EEN group, the serum prealbumin level almost returned to the preoperative level on POD 8. The nutritional complication rate of the EEN group was increased significantly but it was milder than that of the PN group. The time of gut function recovery in the EEN group was shorter than that of the PN group. The costs of nutritional drugs showed a significant decrease in the EEN group.Conclusion Early enteral nutrition is safe, rational and effective in patients who have undergone hepatectomy. Early enteral nutrition is better than parenteral nutrition in promoting liver function recovery, liver protein synthesis, postoperative recovery of gut function and decreasing costs of nutritional drugs.

Objective To determine the clinical significance of hepatocyte growth factor receptor (Met) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the clinicopathology and prognosis of pancreatic cancer.Methods 70 patients admitted with pancreatic cancer from 1995 to 2005 were retrospectively analyzed with clinicopathological and follow-up data.Expression of Met and EGFR in cancer nest embedded with paraffin were detected by immunohislostaining (EnVision method) and correlation with clinicopathologic parameters and mutual correlation between these two receptors were further analyzed.Prognosis and related risk factors were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis,respectively.Results Both Met and EGFR significantly correlated with TNM staging,tumor size and superior mesenteric vessels invasion (P＜0.05).Expression level of Met positively correlated with that of EGFR (r9 =0.658,P＜0.05).Both Met and EGFR significantly correlated with patients' survival (P＜0.05) and Met was an independent prognostic risk factor for pancreatic cancer.Conclusions Both Met and EGFR significantly affect development and prognosis of pancreatic cancer and correlate with each other.Simultaneously targeting both Met and EGFR pathways may provide an advisable strategy of targeted therapy in pancreatic cancer.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effects of microRNA145 ( miRNA145 ) on the viability, apoptosis, inva-sion and metastasis of hepatoma HepG2 cells.METHODS: HepG2 cells were randomly allocated into 3 groups: blank control group, empty mimic transfected group and miRNA145 mimic transfected group.Under the induction of Lipofectami-neTM 2000, the recombinant was transfected into HepG2 cells.After transfection, the expression level of miRNA145 was detected by real-time PCR.The protein level of N-cadherin and the mRNA expression levels of miRNA145 and N-cadherin were detected by Western blot and real-time PCR.The cell viability was detected by MTS assay.The cell cycle and apopto-sis were analyzed by flow cytometry.Invasion and metastasis were detected by Transwell assay.RESULTS:Compared with negative control, miRNA145 expression was up-regulated significantly, while the expression of N-cadherin was down-regu-lated significantly.Meanwhile, the cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis of hepatoma HepG2 cells were all significantly inhibited (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:miRNA145 dramatically inhibits viability, apoptosis, inva-sion and metastasis of hepatoma cells.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effects of ultra-pulsed fractional carbon dioxide laser (UFCL) in the treatment of mild to moderate microstomia after burns. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 19 patients with mild to moderate microstomia after burns who were admitted to Inner Mongolia Baogang Hospital from January 2018 to January 2022, including 15 males and 4 females aged (35±14) years. Patients had an average course of 71 d of microstomia, with 8 cases of moderate microstomia and 11 cases of mild microstomia. All the patients received UFCL treatment every 2-3 months until the microstomia was corrected or the treatment bottleneck was reached. The times of UFCL treatment for patients and the time interval from the last treatment to the last follow-up were recorded. Before the first treatment and at the last follow-up, the opening degree of mouth (finger measurement method), oral gap width, and the distance between the upper and lower incisors during mouth opening were recorded. Before the first treatment and at the last treatment, the new Vancouver scar scale (VSS) was used to evaluate the scar. At the last follow-up, the degree of satisfaction was evaluated by the Likert 5 scale by the patients themselves, and the satisfaction ratio was calculated; the adverse reactions such as pigmentation, blisters, infection, and persistent erythema in the treatment area were counted. Data were statistically analyzed with Mann-Whitney rank sum test or paired sample t test. Results: Patients received UFCL treatment of 3 (2, 6) times. The interval from the last treatment to the last follow-up was 26 months at most and 4 months at least. At the last follow-up, the opening degree of mouth of patients was significantly improved than that before treatment (Z=4.68, P<0.01). At the last follow-up, the oral gap width of patients was (35±6) mm, and the distance between upper and lower incisors during mouth opening was (3.2±0.4) cm, which was significantly improved compared with those before treatment (with t values of 10.73 and 18.97, respectively, P<0.01). The VSS score after the last treatment was 4.1±1.6, which was significantly better than that before treatment (t=22.96, P<0.01). At the last follow-up, the satisfaction ratio of patients with treatment was 18/19, and no pigmentation, blisters, infection, persistent erythema, and other adverse reactions of all patients in the treatment area occurred, however, one of the patients reported that the disease recurred about half a year after treatment. Conclusions: UFCL is an effective method for treating mild to moderate microstomia after burns, with which patients are highly satisfied, and it is worth of further study and promotion.
Blister ; Burns/therapy* ; Cicatrix/therapy* ; Female ; Humans ; Lasers, Gas/therapeutic use* ; Male ; Microstomia ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To study the correlation between the changes of matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio(NLR)before and after the revascularization of acute ischemic stroke(AIS),so as to find biomarkers to predict the bleeding transformation risk of AIS patients.Methods From February 2022 to December 2022,161 patients admitted to the Stroke Center of Qujing Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University with AIS werre divided in to the hemorrhagic transformation group and the non-hemorrhagic transfor-mation groupand treated with revascularization(intravenous thrombolysis,endovascular treatment,combined the intravenous thrombolysis with endovascular treatment).Among them,there were 46 cases in the hemorrhagic transformation group and 115 cases in the non hemorrhagic transformation group.And the general data,NLR value and MMP-9 before and after the revascularization were compared between the two groups.Results There was no statistical difference in general data between the two groups(all P>0.05)except for C-reactive protein in hemorrhagic transformation group and in non-hemorrhagic transformation group(P<0.001).The white blood cells,neutrophils,neutrophil percentage,neutrophil absolute value,lymphocyte absolute value,NLR and MMP-9 value in hemorrhagic transformation group were significantly higher than those in non-hemorrhagic transformation group before the treatment and there was a statistical significance(P<0.05).After revascularization,the indexes of blood routine and MMP-9 were significantly higher than those before the revascularization,and the increase in hemorrhagic transformation group was more obvious than that in non-hemorrhagic transformation group and there was a statistical significance(P<0.001),The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of NLR and MMP-9 predicting bleeding transformation after AIS revascularization were 0.74 and 0.90.Conclusion NLR,MMP-9 are associated with the risk of bleeding transformation in AIS patients after the revascularization and can they can be used as the predictive factors for bleeding transformation risk.