Cardiovascular disease, with high morbidity and mortality, has been threatening the health of human beings. Therefore, expecting to find a more effective therapeutic method, a plenty of researchers devote themselves to the study of the cardiovascular disease all the time. Since discovered on the heart, M3 receptor of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAchR, M receptor) became a new starting point of the research of the cardiovascular disease. With more and more investigation, many people found that M3 receptor could protect the heart from kinds of cardiovascular disease, which may make it a new hopeful therapeutic point. So, expecting to give support to the reference and encouragement for the study of disease related to M3 receptor in future, this review expounds M3 receptor on the heart from the main following aspects: the effect on the heart, the influence on the cardiovascular disease and the mechanism of M3 receptor involved.

Objective To investingate the expression method of bcl-2 and it's significance in osteogenic tumor and tumor-like diseases.Method The protein of PCNA, p53, Fas and bcl-2 were examined immunohistologically in osteosarcoma, ossifying fibroma, fibeous dysplasia of bone and normal bone callus. The results were analysed combing with the information of metastasis and hisomorphology.Results PCNA and p53 were highly expressed in low-differentiated osteosarcoma, bcl-2 were highly expressed at high-differentiated osteocoma and ossifying fibroma. When PCNA, p53 and bcl-2 were all expressed at high level, the metastasis rate was high, when only bcl-2 was expressed at high level, the progmosis was better. Conclusion The mechanism for benign and malignant tumor are different, the benign and low-degree malignant tumor may be caused by over accumulated mutation cells sipported by high level of bcl-2, while malignant tumor may be the result of multi-gene cooperation abnormally.

[Objective]To explore the outcome of repairing nerve defects with nerve allografts stored in green tea polyphenol solution.[Method]Forth-eight male mice were randomly divided into 4 groups of nerve grafting,with 12 rats in each group.A 1.0 cm sciatic nerve segment,5 mm away from infrapiriform foramen,was removed and repaired by 4 kinds of nerve allografts.Group A:autografts.Group B:allografts.Group C:cryopreserved nerve allografts.Group D:nerve allografts stored in green tea polyphenol solution.At 6 weeks and 12 weeks,a series of examinations were performed,including the gross appearance,electrophysiological test,histological observation,electron microscopic study and quantitative analysis with image analysis system.[Result]All the parameters of groups A and D were better than those in groups B and C(P

[Objective]To study the combination of calcium phosphate cement(CPC) and morselized bone and their optimum mixing ratio. [Methods]Bilateral nemora of macro-ears rabbits were made into morselized bone.There were two groups:experimental group and control group.In the experimental group,the ratios of morselized bone to CPC were 1 to 1,1 to 2,1 to 3,1 to 4 and 1 to 5.In the control group CPC was used after it was solidified.The maximum compression strength and solidified time of the materials in experimental and control groups were tested.The cell multiplication was evaluated by MTT after mesenchymal stem cells were cultivated.[Results]The cell multiplication in materials mixed with ratios of 1 to 2 and 1 to 3 was better than those in the materials mixed with the other ratios by MTT.It indicated that there was a significant difference(P

[Objective]To observe the effect of vacuum sealing drainage(VSD) on bacteria and microcirculation of acute explosion wounds in pigs.[Method]Twelve blast wounds,created by explosion of a specific type of electric detonations which were fixed at 1 cm over the skin of the hips of six Lanzhou healthy pigs(30-40 kg),were divided into two matched groups.Debridement was performed at 6 hours after injury.Group A was treated with conventional dressing change,and group B was treated with VSD under the pressure of-20kPa.Tissue specimens collected from different sites of the wound bed before and at 12,24,48,72 hours after treatment,and experienced bacteria counting.The microcirculation of the blast wounds was examined by color B-mode ultrasonic diagnostic equipment before and 72hours after treatment.[Result]The difference of wound bacteria loads between group A and group B was statistically signficant at different time points.Bacteria loads in group B were increased to 105cfu/g at 48 h after treatment,compared with group A at 24 h.No signal of blood flow in blast wound was found before treatment.In contract,the blast wound had plenty of signals of blood flow in group B.[Conclusion]VSD could reduce the bacteria loads,and delay the time of infection.Meanwhile it improved the microcirculation of the acute blast wound.

[Objective]To confirm the effect of combination of calcium phosphate cement and small amounts of autoallergic micromorselized bone for reparing bone defect and provide the basis for clinical use.[Method]The animal models of bilateral radius defect were created by surgery on Japan white big ear rabbits.The combination with a ratio of 3 to 1 in one lateral leg was implanted in experimental group,and calcium phosphate cement was used in the control group.The X-rays,bone density,and maximum torsional moment were carried out at different time points,and osteogenesis and degradation of the materials in the two groups were analyzed.[Result]Enhancement of osteogenesis was found in the experimental group,and the materials were enclosed significantly by bony callus at the 8~(th) week,the defects were repaired and the materials were degraded completely at the 16~(th) week.The bone mineral content in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group(P

Objective To probe the repair effect of bone defect after getting rid of free bone in chronic osteomyelitis patients. Method Eighteen chronic osteomyelitis patients were reconstructed with vascularized fibula graft at one stage after getting rid of free bone and 2 cases were reconstructed with regional transplantation of pedic fibula after inflammable bone segment were exsected. Result Twenty chronic osteomyelitis patients who were treated with vascularized fibula graft or regional transplantation of pedic fibula after getting rid of free bone were followed up 3 - 6 months (mean 3. 5 months). The reconstructed bone unioned well,the inflammation of all bones near to joints were controlled; the repaired limbs achieved satisfactory function and outline. Conclusion The operation to reconstruct bone defect after getting rid of free bone in chronic osteomyelitis patients with vascularized fibula graft or regional transplantation of pedic fibula primerally is a good method' The advantage lies in avoiding the long alteration period of free bone, bettering the blood circulation of receipt region, controlling inflammation, shortening the resident period,times and operation times,and so. The method is a good attempt to repair inflammatory bone defect using vascularized bone graft.

Aneurysmal bone cyst of mastoid bone is seldom, here one case was reported. The mastoid bone of the patient presented with a baloon-like swelling full of non-coagulated blood and serous-hemorrhagic fluid. CT scan demonstrated a large expansile destructive mass located in left mastoid bone region with the thin or absent cortical bone. The MRI demonstrated T2-weighted images and clear boudary from surrounding tissue. Pathologic reported that the mastoid bone was repalcement with lacunar divided by fibro-tissue, containing numerous hemosiderin, giant cells and inflammatory cells. A surgery was performed and the patient was cured.
Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mastoid ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Aim To establish the technology of isolation rat’s mesenteri c lymphatics and the culture method of their endothelium and confirm the ability o f synthesis nitric oxide and Factor Ⅷ related antigens in the endothelium in vitro. Methods With an operating microscope and microsurgical in struments, rat’s mesenteric lymphatics were isolated and the endothelium were p rimarily cultured and subcultured. Exerting immunohistochemical method, Factor Ⅷ related antigens and nitric oxide synthase were evaluationed. The contents of NO metabolite were measured. Results The rat’s mesenteric lympha tics were isolated and the endothelium were Fusiform shape or polygon, the monol ayer cultures displayed typical cobblestone or pavingstone morphology. Factor Ⅷ related antigens were expressed and their positive rate was 98%. The positive rate of nitric oxide synthase was 83%. Positive reaction products were buffy ar ound nuclear. NO metabolite was (10.26?2.17) mol?L -1(n=7). Conclusion The culture method we introduced was very practical, simple and reliable. The endothelium is in normal structure and function characters. It also certificated that the endothelium in vitro could express nitric oxide synthase and Factor Ⅷ related antigens.

Objective To analyze the magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) appearance and pathological changes of pig thigh of soft tissues after been shot by rifle,so as to offer a theoretical foundation for wound management in early stage of gunshot injuries.Methods Seventeen adult pigs were intravenously anesthetized and suspended in supine position,the pigs were shot in 10 meters away by domestic-made rifle of 95 type.The wound limb were undergone 1.5T MRI scans and histological observation at 2h,6h,12h,24h,48h,9day,and 18day after shot injury.Results The wounded tissues included four areas of different pathological changes:primary ballistic cavity,coagulative necrosis area,tissue disruption area and tissue distortion area.The thickness of coagulative necrosis area was about 1 to 3 millimeters,which showed double-hypointense signal phenomenon in both T2 weighted image and enhanced T1 weighted image.The tissue disruption area and part of tissue distortion area showed double-hyperintense signal phenomenon in both T2 weight image and enhanced T1 weighted image.Conclusion Penetrating gunshot wound in soft tissues of hind limb can be divided into four areas:primary ballistic cavity,coagulative necrosis area,tissue disruption area and tissue distortion area.MRI can clearly show primary ballistic cavity and coagulative necrosis area.Tissue disruption area and tissue distortion area are hyperintense signal areas on the outside of the primary ballistic cavity,which can be distinguished clearly by pathalogical observation,but tissue disruption area and part of tissue distortion area are undistinguishable by MRI.