1.Significance and Problems in Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Micrometastasis in Peripheral Blood
Baoding LI ; Qingchuan ZHAO ; Kefeng DOU
Chinese Journal of Bases and Clinics in General Surgery 2003;0(06):-
Objective To determine the value of detection of micrometastasis in peripheral blood to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis or recurrence. Methods Reviewed the related literatures, the methods and significances of the detection of HCC micrometastasis in peripheral blood were analyzed. Results Currently, there are mainly two methods, hematogenous dissemination cell detection and HCC specific mRNA biomarker detection, for detection of HCC micrometastasis in peripheral blood. Theoretically, although they are considered as early detections of HCC metastasis or recurrence, researches still not have a abroad agreeable conclusion from different studies. After adjusting and improving the methods and detection time, different studies also have not gotten a quite consistent conclusion. Conclusion There is a great significance in detection of HCC micrometastasis in peripheral blood to understanding the mechanisms of HCC metatasis and recurrence, and also to improving the clinical therapy. Theoretically and practically, the method should be improved for facilitating the mechanism research of HCC metastasis and recurrence, and the application of detection.
2.Effects of berberine on serum inflammatory factors and carotid atherosclerotic plaques in patients with acute cerebral ischemic stroke.
Ying LI ; Pei WANG ; Mei-Jing CHAI ; Fan YANG ; Hong-Shan LI ; Jing ZHAO ; Huan WANG ; Dan-Dan LU
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2016;41(21):4066-4071
This study aims to analyze the effect of berberine on serum inflammatory factors and carotid atherosclerotic plaques in ppatients with acute cerebral ischemic stroke(AIS). In the study, 120 patients with AIS were randomly divided into berberine group(n=60) and general group (n=60). The 60 cases in the general group were provided with general therapy according to the latest guidelines of diagnosis and treatment of AIS. The berberine group received berberine 300 mg(tid) in addition to the therapy of the general group. The levels of serum inflammatory factors, the nerve function defect grades and the indexes of carotid atherosclerosis plaques [including the total plaque area(TPA), intima-media thickness(IMT) and the number of unstable carotid atherosclerotic plaques] were measured and compared. The results indicated that the levels of serum inflammatory factors, the NIHSS(national institute of health stroke scales) cores and the indexes of carotid atherosclerosis plaques were not significantly different between the berberine groups of general group, with positive correlation between serum inflammatory factors and NIHSS scores(P<0.05). The levels of serum inflammatory factors and NIHSS scores of the berberine groups on 14 d were significantly lower than those on 1 d(P<0.05). The levels of serum inflammatory factors and NIHSS scores of the berberine group on 14 d were significantly lower than those of the general group(P<0.05). The TPA and the number of unstable carotid atherosclerotic plaques of the berberine groups on 90 d were significantly lower than those of general group, with significant differences(P<0.05). The IMT showed a downward trend, but with significant difference.The mRS(modified rankin scale) scores of the berberine group on 90 d were significantly lower, with a higher rate of short-term favorable prognosis (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups. This study showed that berberine in addition to the general therapy can significantly lower the levels of serum MIF and IL-6, reduce the degree of carotid atherosclerosis to some extent and improve neurological impairment and the prognosis of patients with AIS.
3.Expression of NOB1 in liver cancer tissues and its significance
Lijuan ZHAO ; Zhifeng LI ; Rongy SHI
Journal of Clinical Hepatology 2016;32(4):739-741
ObjectiveTo measure the expression of NOB1 in liver cancer tissues, and to investigate the relationship between NOB1 and clinicopathological features of liver cancer. MethodsA total of 48 liver cancer samples were collected from the patients who underwent liver cancer surgery in our hospital from February 2011 to May 2015, and 22 samples of cirrhotic liver tissues and 22 samples of normal liver tissues were collected as controls. The immunohistochemical SP method was used to measure the expression of NOB1 in different tissues, and the relationship between the expression of NOB1 and clinicopathological features was analyzed. The chi-square test was applied for comparison of categorical data between groups. ResultsThe expression of NOB1 in liver cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in cirrhotic liver tissues and normal liver tissues (72.9% vs 36.4%/31.8%; P=0.004 and 0.001), while the expression of NOB1 showed no significant difference between cirrhotic liver tissues and normal liver tissues (P>0.05). The patients with a tumor diameter of >5 cm had a significantly higher positive rate of NOB1 than those with a tumor diameter of ≤5 cm (χ2=4.355, P=0.037), and the patients with Edmondson grade Ⅲ/Ⅳ tumor had a significantly higher positive rate of NOB1 than those with Edmondson grade Ⅰ/Ⅱ tumor (χ2=5.127, P=0.024). The expression of NOB1 in liver cancer tissues was not correlated with age, sex, presence or absence of microvascular invasion, presence or absence of lymph node metastasis, and clinical TNM stage (all P>0.05). ConclusionNOB1 is highly expressed in liver cancer tissues. The expression of NOB1 is closely related to tumor size and Edmondson grade, and can be used as an important tumor marker for liver cancer.
4. Influence of Shengmaiyin Combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Tang on Hypercoagulable State Caused by Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Lan ZHANG ; Lei SONG ; De-xu LI ; Ya-wei LIU ; Yong-chen ZHAO ; Gui-min YANG ; Min TANG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2019;25(11):109-114
Objective:To observe influence of dialectical addition and subtraction of Shengmaiyin combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Tang on fibrinolytic activity and coagulation active factor of patients with non-small cell lung cancer at hypercoagulable state. Method:One hundred and eighty patients were randomly divided into control group (58 cases) and observation group (60 cases) by random number table. Patients in control group got low molecular weight heparins calcium injection by subcutaneous injection for 3 weeks, 1.0 mL (5 000 AXa unit)/time, 1 time/day, and oral aspirin enteric-coated tablets, 100 mg/time, 1 time/day. Patients in observation group got dialectical addition and subtraction of Shengmaiyin combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Tang, 1 dose/day. A course of treatment was 8 weeks. And activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), platelet (PLT), fibrinogen (FIB), D-dimer (D-D), plasma tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor in plasma-1 (PAI-1), von willebrand factor (vWF), P-selectin, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor (TGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected. And before and after treatment, scores of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome and hemorheological indices were detected. Result:After treatment, APTT, PT and TT in observation group were longer than those in control group. Levels of PLT, D-D and PAI-1 were lower than those in control group (P<0.01), level of t-PA was higher than that in control group (P<0.01). And levels of vWF, P-selectin, bFGF, TGF and VEGF were lower than those in control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). And improvement of hemorheological indexes the such as the whole blood viscosity (high shear and low shear), plasma viscosity and platelet aggregation rate were better than those in control group (P<0.01). And scores of symptoms of Qi deficiency were lower than those in control group (P<0.01), and except for ‘zhengji’, scores of symptoms of blood stasis were lower than those in lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion:Dialectical addition and subtraction of Shengmaiyin combined with Xuefu Zhuyu Tang can ameliorate hypercoagulable state of NSCLC, relieve clinical symptoms, and can regulate fibrinolytic activity and coagulation activity factors, so it can mitigate dangers caused by deep venous thrombosis of NSCLC.
5.Inhibitors of JAK2/STAT Signaling Pathway and Hematologic Malignancies-Review.
Ya-Ling ZHAO ; Gui-Min LIU ; Li-Jun ZHANG ; Wen-Tong LIANG ; Zhi-Yong CHENG
Journal of Experimental Hematology 2016;24(4):1275-1279
Jauns kinase (JAK)/transducer and activator of transcription(STAT) pathway is a classical approach to study the rapid changes of the gene expression in specific target cells by a variety of extracellular signals. The JAK and STAT transfer cytokine receptor signaling plays a unique role in multiple cellular and molecular biological changes.The abnormal signal of JAK/STAT pathway will lead to the hematopoietic abnormalities.Studies had shown that the abnormal activation of JAK2/STAT signaling pathway are in many kinds of malignant hematological diseases, such as in acute lymphoblastic/myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, lymphoma, myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloprofilerative neoplasm, especially in the patients of myeloproliferative neoplasm(MPN) with JAK gene mutation(JAK2V617F), this mutation has an important value for MPN diagnosis. At present, the effect of the specific inhibitors of JAK2 has showed good perspective, which had been applied to clinic treatment and achieved remarkable curative effect. In this review, the JAK2/STAT signaling transduction, the JAK2 signal and hematologic malignancies, the kagulation of signaling pathway and the inhibitors of JAK2/STAT signaling pathway are summarized.
Hematologic Neoplasms
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Humans
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Janus Kinase 2
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Mutation
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STAT Transcription Factors
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Signal Transduction
6.Phase Separation of Biomacromolecules and Its Important Role in Transcriptional Regulation
Xiang-Dong ZHAO ; Le WANG ; Lu-Jie MA ; De-Bao XIE ; Meng-Di GAO ; Ya-Nan MENG ; Fan-Li ZENG
Progress in Biochemistry and Biophysics 2024;51(4):743-753
Cells not only contain membrane-bound organelles (MBOs), but also membraneless organelles (MLOs) formed by condensation of many biomacromolecules. Examples include RNA-protein granules such as nucleoli and PML nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) in the nucleus, as well as stress granules and P-bodies in the cytoplasm. Phase separation is the basic organizing principle of the form of the condensates or membraneless organelles (MLOs) of biomacromolecules including proteins and nucleic acids. In particular, liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) compartmentalises and concentrates biological macromolecules into liquid condensates. It has been found that phase separation of biomacromolecules requires some typical intrinsic characteristics, such as intrinsically disordered regions, modular domains and multivalent interactions. The phase separation of biomacromolecules plays a key role in many important cell activities. In recent years, the phase separation of biomacromolecules phase has become a focus of research in gene transcriptional regulation. Transcriptional regulatory elements such as RNA polymerases, transcription factors (TFs), and super enhancers (SEs) all play important roles through phase separation. Our group has previously reported for the first time that long-term inactivation or absence of assembly factors leads to the formation of condensates of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) subunits in the cytoplasm, and this process is reversible, suggesting a novel regulatory model of eukaryotic transcription machinery. The phase separation of biomacromolecules provides a biophysical understanding for the rapid transmission of transcriptional signals by a large number of TFs. Moreover, phase separation during transcriptional regulation is closely related to the occurrence of cancer. For example, the activation of oncogenes is usually associated with the formation of phase separation condensates at the SEs. In this review, the intrinsic characteristics of the formation of biomacromolecules phase separation and the important role of phase separation in transcriptional regulation are reviewed, which will provide reference for understanding basic cell activities and gene regulation in cancer.
7.F4.8 visual miniature nephroscope for the diagnosis and treatment of hematospermia.
Ke-Yi ZHOU ; Wen-Zeng YANG ; Zhen-Yu CUI ; Ruo-Jing WEI ; Chun-Li ZHAO ; Tao MA ; Feng AN
National Journal of Andrology 2018;24(6):525-528
ObjectiveTo explore the practicability and safety of the F4.8 visual miniature nephroscope in the diagnosis and treatment of hematospermia.
METHODSThis study included 12 cases of refractory hematospermia accompanied by perineal or lower abdominal pain and discomfort. All the patients failed to respond to two months of systemic anti-inflammatory medication and local physiotherapy. Seminal vesicle tumor and tuberculosis were excluded preoperatively by rectal seminal vesicle ultrasonography, MRI or CT. Under epidural anesthesia, microscopic examination was performed with the F4.8 miniature nephroscope through the urethra and ejaculatory duct orifice into the seminal vesicle cavity, the blood clots washed out with normal saline, the seminal vesicle stones extracted by holmium laser lithotripsy and with the reticular basket, the seminal vesicle polyps removed by holmium laser ablation and vaporization, and the seminal vesicle cavity rinsed with diluted iodophor after operation.
RESULTSOf the 10 patients subjected to bilateral seminal vesiculoscopy, 3 with unilateral and 2 with bilateral seminal vesicle stones were treated by holmium laser lithotripsy, saline flushing and reticular-basket removal, 2 with seminal vesicle polyps by holmium laser ablation and vaporization, and the other 3 with blood clots in the seminal vesicle cavity by saline flushing for complete clearance. The 2 patients subjected to unilateral seminal vesiculoscopy both received flushing of the seminal vesicle cavity for clearance of the blood clots. The operations lasted 10-55 (25 ± 6) minutes. There were no such intra- or post-operative complications as rectal injury, peripheral organ injury, and external urethral sphincter injury. The urethral catheter was removed at 24 hours, anti-infection medication withdrawn at 72 hours, and regular sex achieved at 2 weeks postoperatively. The patients were followed up for 6-20 (7 ± 2.3) months, during which hematospermia and related symptoms disappeared in 10 cases at 3 months and recurrence was observed in the other 2 at 4 months after surgery but improved after antibiotic medication.
CONCLUSIONSThe F4.8 visual miniature nephroscope can be applied to the examination of the seminal vesicle cavity and treatment of seminal vesicle stones and polyps, with the advantages of minimal invasiveness, safety and reliability.
Calculi ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Ejaculatory Ducts ; Endoscopes ; Endoscopy ; instrumentation ; Genital Neoplasms, Male ; Hemospermia ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Holmium ; Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Lithotripsy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery ; instrumentation ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Postoperative Complications ; Reproducibility of Results ; Seminal Vesicles ; diagnostic imaging ; Urethra
8.Analysis of Proliferation Characters of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome.
Yan-Bin PANG ; Min-Jie ZHANG ; Su-Rong LI ; Jin ZHANG ; Xue-Lian ZHAO ; Jiang-Bo ZHANG ; Ji-Yuan WANG ; Guo-Tao FANG ; Rui ZHANG ; Li-Xia FAN
Journal of Experimental Hematology 2021;29(4):1224-1230
OBJECTIVE:
To analyze the proliferation potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).
METHODS:
The MSC derived from the 24 patients with newly diagnosed MDS (MDS-MSC group) and MSC derived from 15 patients with nutritional anemia (control group) in the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University were used as the research objects. The proliferation potential of MSC was analyzed by colony-forming unit assay, doubling time, cumulative passaging, cell number after 10 days of culture with equal amount of MSC and MTT experiment. The mechanism of abnormal proliferation was analyzed by cell cycle experiment, apoptosis experiment and p21 gene expression assay.
RESULTS:
In the colony forming unit assay, the number of MDS-MSC colonies was 4.44±2.51, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (12.44±2.55)(P<0.01); the doubling time of MDS-MSC group was significantly longer than that of the control group (7.80±3.26 vs 3.63±0.85) (P<0.01); the number of MDS-MSC in 5×10
CONCLUSION
The proliferative capability of MDS-MSC is significantly reduced, which relates with the arrest of cell cycle in G
Apoptosis
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Bone Marrow Cells
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Cell Proliferation
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Humans
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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Myelodysplastic Syndromes
9.Electroencephalogram feature extraction and classification of autistic children based on recurrence quantification analysis.
Jie ZHAO ; Zhiming ZHANG ; Lingyan WAN ; Xiaoli LI ; Jiannan KANG
Journal of Biomedical Engineering 2021;38(4):663-670
Extraction and analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) signal characteristics of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Based on recurrence quantitative analysis (RQA)method, this study explored the differences in the nonlinear characteristics of EEG signals between ASD children and children with typical development (TD). In the experiment, RQA method was used to extract nonlinear features such as recurrence rate (RR), determinism (DET) and length of average diagonal line (LADL) of EEG signals in different brain regions of subjects, and support vector machine was combined to classify children with ASD and TD. The research results show that for the whole brain area (including parietal lobe, frontal lobe, occipital lobe and temporal lobe), when the three feature combinations of RR, DET and LADL are selected, the maximum classification accuracy rate is 84%, the sensitivity is 76%, the specificity is 92%, and the corresponding area under the curve (AUC) value is 0.875. For parietal lobe and frontal lobe (including parietal lobe, frontal lobe), when the three features of RR, DET and LADL are combined, the maximum classification accuracy rate is 82%, the sensitivity is 72%, and the specificity is 92%, which corresponds to an AUC value of 0.781. The research in this paper shows that the nonlinear characteristics of EEG signals extracted based on RQA method can become an objective indicator to distinguish children with ASD and TD, and combined with machine learning methods, the method can provide auxiliary evaluation indicators for clinical diagnosis. At the same time, the difference in the nonlinear characteristics of EEG signals between ASD children and TD children is statistically significant in the parietal-frontal lobe. This study analyzes the clinical characteristics of children with ASD based on the functions of the brain regions, and provides help for future diagnosis and treatment.
Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis*
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Autistic Disorder
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Brain
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Child
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Electroencephalography
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Humans
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Recurrence
10.Effects of different drying methods on the quality of Chrysanthemum morifolium
Jiayi SHI ; Luoxing PAN ; Yihong TAO ; Qing ZHAO
China Pharmacy 2024;35(19):2365-2371
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different drying methods on the quality of Chrysanthemum morifolium, and to provide a basis for the harvesting and processing of C. morifolium. METHODS Twenty-five samples were obtained by drying the fresh products using 7 types and 25 kinds of drying methods, and the unqualified samples were removed by taking their appearance and moisture content as elimination indexes. The contents of six active ingredients (chlorogenic acid, luteoloside, 3,5- O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, quercetin, lignoceroside, baicalin) were used as indicators, and combined with principal component analysis (PCA), partial least square method-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), PCA comprehensive score ranking and the best samples obtained from each drying method to select 6 experimental samples comprehensively. The quality of 6 kinds of samples was evaluated using the activities and stability of oxidation-related enzymes (polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase) and the microscopic morphology of the petal surface as evaluation indexes. RESULTS The results of PCA and PLS-DA showed significant differences in the quality of samples obtained by different drying methods, and chlorogenic acid, 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid and baicalin might be the main reasons for the differences among the samples. The herbs treated with 100 ℃ steam fixation for 1 min combined with blast drying at 50 ℃ for 4 hours had the highest comprehensive score of active ingredients. The oxidation-related enzymes in C. morifolium treated with microwave 800 W fixation for 1 minute followed by 50 ℃ air drying for 4 hours and 100 ℃ steam sterilization for 1 minute followed by 50 ℃ drying for 4 hours were completely inactivated, and the stability was better than that of samples obtained by other drying methods. The observation results of the microstructure of the petal surface showed that the sample obtained by drying at a microwave power of 400 W for 6 minutes had the highest integrity and flatness compared to the above two samples. CONCLUSIONS From the perspective of finished product quality and drying efficiency, 100 ℃ steam fixation for 1 min combined with blast drying at 50 ℃ for 4 hours is the best drying method for C. morifolium.