OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnosis applying effects of ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials(oVEMP) in peripheral BPPV disease. METHOD: During September 2012 to January 2015, we selected 80 healthy people in our hospital medical center as the control group, choose the same period of primary benign paroxysmal positional vertigo as the observation group of 80 patients. Two groups were carried out fully functional auditory evoked potential analysis, determination of oVEMP and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMP) anomaly amplitude threshold, P1 latencies, N1 incubation period. RESULT: The cVEMP abnormal rate in the observation group was 28.8%, the oVEMP abnormal rate was 38.8%, while cVEMP and oVEMP abnormal rates in the control group was 1.3% and 2.5% respectively that compared to significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). The oVEMP test amplitude in the observation group was (5.98 ± 2.15) µv, the N1 incubation period was (10.03 ± 0.76)ms, while the control group were (4.09 ± 2.11)µv and (11.67 ± 0.78) ms that compared difference were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The cVEMP test amplitude in the observation group was (154.8 ± 43.9)2 µv, while the control group was (180.49 ± 45.34)µv, compared the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Paroxysmal positional vertigo patients ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials abnormal rate is relatively high, the utricle dysfunction for more severe than the balloon can be the subject of an objective function of the ear stone judgment, judgment in favor of the disease.
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ; diagnosis ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Saccule and Utricle ; physiopathology ; Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials

Objective To observe the effect of allogenic bone marrow mononuclear cells(BM-MNCs) transplantation on myocardial apoptosis after acute myocardial infarction(AMI) in rats.Methods 40 Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group(n=20) and transplantation group(n=20).Myocardium around the infarcted left ventricular area of the rats in transplantation group were injected with BM-MNCs suspension beneath the epicardium.Myocardium the area of control group was injected with culture solution.Results After 4 weeks of the operation,the myocardial apoptosis index,the TNF-? content and the PDCD5 mRNA of transplantation group were all notably less than those of control group(P

OBJECTIVEIn order to understand the glycyrrhizin content range in the wild and cultivated Glycyrrhiza uralensis in China and to find the related influencing factors of glycyrrhizin content.

METHODThe glycyrrhizin content of 165 wild and 1 013 cultivated G. uralensis samples from 37 countries in 9 provinces was determined by HPLC, and the effects of the producing region, medicinal parts, cultivation years, soil type and texture on the glycyrrhizin content were analyzed.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe average glycyrrhizin content was (4.43 +/- 1.32)% in the wild G. uralensis population, and (1.51 +/- 0.49)% in the cultivated and the glycyrrhizin content in the cultivated was less than the minimum sandards in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The glycyrrhizin content was significant different in the wild and cultivated G. uralensis in different producing regions, respectively. The glycyrrhizin content in roots and rhizome of the wild G. uralensis had no significant difference, it had no significant difference in the cultivated G. uralensis from 1 to 4 years and it increased rapidly after 5 years, and the effects of the soil types and texture on it were significant.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous infusion and intratym-panic injection of dexamethasone in the treatment of sudden deafness(SD)in middle-aged and elder-ly patients.Methods A total of 115 middle-aged and elderly SD patients in the hospital from July 2018 to November 2023 were randomly divided into group A(n=57)and group B(n=58).Group A received intravenous infusion of dexamethasone,while group B received intratympanic injection of dexamethasone.The symptom improvement time(tinnitus disappearance time,vomiting disappear-ance time,vertigo disappearance time,and hearing recovery time),hearing thresholds(high and low frequencies),sleep quality[the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)],vascular endothelial func-tion[nitric oxide(NO),lipid peroxide(LPO)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)],clinical effica-cy,and adverse reactions(transient vertigo,mild ear pain,rash)were compared between the two groups.Results The tinnitus disappearance time,vomiting disappearance time,vertigo disappear-ance time,and hearing recovery time in group B were significantly shorter than those in group A(P＜0.05).The hearing thresholds at high and low frequencies after treatment in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment,and the hearing thresholds in group B were significant-ly lower than those in group A after treatment(P＜0.05).The PSQI scores after treatment in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment,and the PSQI score in group B was signifi-cantly lower than that in group A after treatment(P＜0.05).After treatment,NO and SOD in group B were significantly higher than those in group A,while LPO was significantly lower than that in group A(P＜0.05).The total effective rate in the group B was 93.10％,which was significantly higher than 78.95％in the group A(P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was 12.07％in group B and 10.53％in group A,with no significant between-group difference(P＞0.05).Conclusion Intra-tympanic injection of dexamethasone is more effective than intravenous infusion in the treatment of SD in middle-aged and elderly patients,with faster symptom relief,improved hearing thresholds,better sleep quality,and endothelial function,without increasing adverse reactions,demonstrating high efficacy and safety.

Uncovering the functionally essential variations related to tumorigenesis and tumor pro-gression from cancer genomics data is still challenging due to the genetic diversity among patients, and extensive inter-and intra-tumoral heterogeneity at different levels of gene expression regulation, including but not limited to the genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptional levels. To minimize the impact of germline genetic heterogeneities, in this study, we establish multiple primary cultures from the primary and recurrent tumors of a single patient with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Multi-omics sequencing was performed for these cultures that encompass the diversity of tumor cells from the same patient. Variations in the genome sequence, epigenetic modification, and gene expression are used to infer the phylogenetic relationships of these cell cultures. We find the discrepancy among the relationships revealed by single nucleotide variations (SNVs) and transcriptional/epigenomic pro-files from the cell cultures. We fail to find overlap between sample-specific mutated genes and differ-entially expressed genes (DEGs), suggesting that most of the heterogeneous SNVs among tumor stages or lineages of the patient are functionally insignificant. Moreover, copy number alterations (CNAs) and DNA methylation variation within gene bodies, rather than promoters, are significantly correlated with gene expression variability among these cell cultures. Pathway analysis of CNA/DNA methylation-related genes indicates that a single cell clone from the recurrent tumor exhibits distinct cellular characteristics and tumorigenicity, and such an observation is further confirmed by cellular experiments both in vitro and in vivo. Our systematic analysis reveals that CNAs and epigenomic changes, rather than SNVs, are more likely to contribute to the phenotypic diversity among subpop-ulations in the tumor. These findings suggest that new therapeutic strategies targeting gene dosage and epigenetic modification should be considered in personalized cancer medicine. This culture model may be applied to the further identification of plausible determinants of cancer metastasis and relapse.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous infusion and intratym-panic injection of dexamethasone in the treatment of sudden deafness(SD)in middle-aged and elder-ly patients.Methods A total of 115 middle-aged and elderly SD patients in the hospital from July 2018 to November 2023 were randomly divided into group A(n=57)and group B(n=58).Group A received intravenous infusion of dexamethasone,while group B received intratympanic injection of dexamethasone.The symptom improvement time(tinnitus disappearance time,vomiting disappear-ance time,vertigo disappearance time,and hearing recovery time),hearing thresholds(high and low frequencies),sleep quality[the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)],vascular endothelial func-tion[nitric oxide(NO),lipid peroxide(LPO)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)],clinical effica-cy,and adverse reactions(transient vertigo,mild ear pain,rash)were compared between the two groups.Results The tinnitus disappearance time,vomiting disappearance time,vertigo disappear-ance time,and hearing recovery time in group B were significantly shorter than those in group A(P＜0.05).The hearing thresholds at high and low frequencies after treatment in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment,and the hearing thresholds in group B were significant-ly lower than those in group A after treatment(P＜0.05).The PSQI scores after treatment in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment,and the PSQI score in group B was signifi-cantly lower than that in group A after treatment(P＜0.05).After treatment,NO and SOD in group B were significantly higher than those in group A,while LPO was significantly lower than that in group A(P＜0.05).The total effective rate in the group B was 93.10％,which was significantly higher than 78.95％in the group A(P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was 12.07％in group B and 10.53％in group A,with no significant between-group difference(P＞0.05).Conclusion Intra-tympanic injection of dexamethasone is more effective than intravenous infusion in the treatment of SD in middle-aged and elderly patients,with faster symptom relief,improved hearing thresholds,better sleep quality,and endothelial function,without increasing adverse reactions,demonstrating high efficacy and safety.

Exoelectrogens are promising for a wide variety of potential applications in the areas of environment and energy, which convert chemical energy from organic matter into electrical energy by extracellular electrons transfer (EET). Microorganisms with different mechanisms and EET efficiencies have been elucidated. However, the practical applications of exoelectrogens are limited by their fundamental features. At present, it is difficult to realize the extensive application of exoelectrogens in complex and diverse environments by means of traditional engineering strategies such as rational design and directed evolution. The exoelectrogens with excellent performance in environments can be screened with efficient strain identification technologies, which promote the widespread applications of exoelectrogens. The aims of this review are to summarize the methods of screening based on different types of exoelectrogens, and to outline future research directions of strain screening.
Bioelectric Energy Sources ; Electricity ; Electron Transport