Objective To explore a better method to establish temporal lobe epilepsy model by administrating drug in brain region.Methods Kainic acid(KA)4 ?g/kg was injected into rat's hippocampus by stereotactic operation.The rat's behavior,EEG and pathological changes were observed.Results After the rat's hippocampus injected with KA,staring,wet-dog shakes,masticatory movement and clonus of limbs occurred successively.The seizures were paroxysmal with rotation,unsettled state of jump and tic of limbs.The rats' behavior gradually recovered to normal after 10 hours.Then the spontaneous seizure(mostly rating 2～4)occurred 1～3 times every week.Cluster electric discharge,spike waves and sharp waves were recorded in cerebral cortex.KA-treated rats could result in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 fields neuronal degeneration and necrosis,especially significant neuron loss was observed in the CA3 field of KA injected ipsilateral side.Conclusions Injection KA in brain region of rat can establish temporal epilepsy model.The symptom,electrophysiology and pathological changes of temporal lobe epilepsy in the rat model are almost the same as those in human being.The KA induced rat model is an ideal tool to research human temporal lobe epilepsy.

Objective To explore the effects on self-efficacy and health behavior change in elderly patients with chronic diseases in community by motivational interviewing and to provide the basis for the health behavior management of elderly patients with chronic diseases in community.Methods The study was based on a cross-section investigation by random cluster sampling which included a sample of 287 elderly patients.The questionnaire was localized good life club questionnaire of Australia,including demographic data,prevalence of chronic diseases,health-related indicators,self-health assessment,psychological pressure measurement,life satisfaction scale and assessment of behavior change stage.A total of 265 valid questionnaires were effective,and the effective rate was 92.3％.Results The scores of self-reported symptoms and life satisfaction of patients with chronic diseases after motivational interviewing were significantly higher than before (F=8.527,7.697; P＜0.05),the scores of stress scale and behavior change stages were significantly lower than before (F=229.483,91.613; P＜0.01).The score differences with health self-assessment,functional status and social function evaluation were not statistically significant(F=0.222,2.084,P＞0.05).The number of patients who believed their health are better rose from 102 to 114,the number of patients whose life satisfaction were moderate and above rose from 255 to 265,and the number of high risk of psychological stress reduced from 5 to 1.In the stages of behavior change,the number of people in the action stage rose from 1 to 20,and the number of people in the preparation stage rose from 138 to 215 after the intervention.Conclusion Motivational interviewing can strengthen the self-efficacy in elderly patients with chronic diseases in community significantly and promote healthy behavior change.It is necessary to provide ongoing support for motivational interviewing to consolidate its behavior change outcomes,because of the complexity of the development process of behavior change stages.

Objective To explore the expression of Gamma-aminobutyric acid B recepter (GABABR) subunits mRNA and the effects of its agonist Baclofen in hippocampus after KA induced seizures,of experimental epileptic rats.Methods The GABABR subunits GAR1a及GAR2 mRNAs expression were determined in hippocampus of each experimental group after epileptic seizure and Baclofen interference by hybridization in situ. Results In early(6~12 h) time of KA induced epileptic rats, the mRNA levels of both receptor subunits in hippocampal formation were found downregulation widespreadly (all P

BACKGROUND: It has vedfied that seaweed polysacchande-agarose modifiers have their medical application value. OBJECTIVE: To perform skin regeneration trials using sprayable activated agarose/gelatin solution, and to explore the possibility of egarose modifier as skin dressing for skin regeneration. METHODS: To prepare 3% sprayable mixture with the dissolved activated agarose and gelatin at a certain ratio, and then filtrated with millopore for sterilization to prepare activated agarose (egarose degradation for 8 hours) and gelatin degradation, and made into different ratios (1: 0, 1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 3). A total of four rabbits were obtained, and four sites were selected on the back of each rabbit, totally 16 experimental sites. The sprayable activated agarose/gelatin mixture (1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 3) was directly sprayed on the four lesion sites. Sprayable activated agarose for two sites and simple gelatin for two sites served as controls. The effects of the wounds sprayed with,dressing were observed at 4 weeks following surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 7 days following surgery, the cover film had broken in mixture of activated agarose and gelatin at 1: 3, and remaining three were intact. No infection or inflammation occurred in wound of four ratios. Following comparison, the wound was rapidly healed in 1: 2 ratio dressing. The additional gelatin showed promoting effects on wound healing significantly. Hematoxylin-eosin staining demonstrated that skin with the dressing was similar to autologous skin, which verified that sprayable activated agarose/gelatin have a premise in skin regeneration.

By using ~3H—TdR incorporation and CTLL—2 cell line,we observed effects of RU486,anantagonist of type Ⅱ glucocorticoid receptor,on dexamethasone inhibition of lymphocyte prolifer-ation and interleukin—2(IL—2)production in rat spleen.It was shown that RU486 obviouslyantagonized the inhibitory actions of dexamethasone on lymphocyte proliferation and IL—2 pro-duction.By means of dot hybridization and Northern blot analysis,effects of dexamethasone andRU486 on IL—2 gene expression were investigated in lymphocytes of rat spleen.The datademonstrated that dexamethasone markedly decreased IL—2 mRNA production,RU486 alonedidn't affect IL-2 mRNA levels,but obviously reversed dexamethasone-mediated downregala-tion of IL—2 mRNA production in ConA—activated lymphocytes.These results suggest thatthe above effects of dexamethasone may be mediated by glucocorticoid receptor in lymphocytesof rat spleen.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of technologies for arteriovenous malformation(AVM ) ,which are skull to boneless head CTA by surface shaded display technique (hereinafter referred to as the SSD‐CTA technology) .Methods Totally 27 patients of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were selected ,which were diagnosed with AVM by VCTDSA .The original data to our hospital CT workstation were imported ,SSD‐CTA technology to bone reconstruction were performed ,and the data of the two groups were compared .Another 5 patients in our hospital which were diagnosed with AVM by SSD‐CTA examination were selected ,and compared the results with DSA .Results The quality score of SSD‐CTA reconstructed image was less than that of VCTDSA ,but the diagnosis of the two technologies for AVM had no significant statistical difference (P>0 .05) .The number of AVM patients from our hospital wsa too less to do the statistical analysis .The detail resolution of SSD‐CTA was less than DSA ,but the diagnosis of SSD‐CTA was consistent with DSA .Conclusion SSD‐CTA has clinical practical val‐ue ,can be used as a check ,intracranial venous malformation diagnosis .

BACKGROUND:For the treatment of distal tibial fractures, open reduction and plate fixation, minimal y invasive percutaneous plate fixation and intramedul ary nail fixation are effective, but each has advantages and disadvantages. OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects of intramedul ary nail combined with blocking screws versus minimal y invasive percutaneous plate fixation in treating distal tibial fractures. METHODS:Fifty-one cases of distal tibial fractures were divided into two groups. The blocking screw group (23 cases) was treated with closed reduction and internal fixation with interlocking nail combined with blocking screws. The plate fixation group (28 cases) was treated with minimal y invasive percutaneous plate fixation. Fracture healing time, recovery of tibial function and complication occurrence were observed during fol ow-up. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al patients were fol owed up for 8 to 32 months. (1) Except one patient in the plate fixation group, the other patients had bony union. The healing time was (4.6±1.7) months in the blocking screw group and (6.9±2.3) months in the plate fixation group. Significant differences in healing time were detected between the two groups (P<0.05). (2) The excel ent and good rate of tibial function recovery was significantly higher in the blocking screw group (100%) than in the plate fixation group (82%) (P<0.05). (3) No significant difference in the incidence of adverse events was determined between the blocking screw group (13%) and plate fixation group (18%) (P>0.05). (4) Results suggested that interlocking intramedul ary nail combined with blocking screw fixation in the treatment of distal tibial fractures can promote fracture healing and joint function recovery.

Objective To use the fluorescence PCR‐melting curve method to detect CYP2C9 and VKORC1 gene polymorphism in Xinjiang Hui population ,to analyze their gene distribution and gene mutation frequency ,and to evaluate the clinical applicability of the fluorescence PCR‐melting curve method .Methods The fluorescence PCR‐melting curve method and sequencing method were adopted to contrastively detect CYP2C9*2 ,CYP2C9*3 and VKORC1(‐1639G/A)gene polymorphism .Results Among detected 228 Xinjiang Hui individuals ,199 cases of CYP2C9*1/*1 ,2 cases of CYP2C9*1/*2 ,26 cases of CYP2C9*1/*3 and only 1 case of CYP2C9*3/*3 were detected ,no case of CYP2C9*2/*2 and CYP2C9*2/*3 was detected .Two kinds of allele G and A were detected for VKORC1(‐1639G/A) ,in which VKORC1‐1639G/G type was detected in 2 cases ,VKORC1‐1639G/A type was detected in 39 cases and VKORC1‐1639A/A type was detected in187 cases ,compared with the sequencing method ,the results of the fluorescence PCR‐melting curve method were completely consistent .Conclusion Xinjiang Hui population also has CYP2C9 gene *2 ,*3 loci and VKORC1 gene(‐1639G/A) locus polymorphism ,their occurrence frequency has a certain difference with Xingjiang Uygur and other regional populations ,the adopted fluorescence PCR‐melting curve method used in the gene polymorphism detection can meet clinical detection requirements .

Objective To study the clinical effect of the BacFuse for the lumbar disc herniation(LDH) and to discuss the affect for symptom of patients and structure of spine.Methods Collected the patients suffered from LDH retrospectively who had been implanted the BacFuse.There were 25 patients (29 surgical levels) included in the study.The clinical and X-ray assessment have been done on preoperation,postoperation,3 month,6 month and 12 month.Clinical index used visual analogue scale (VAS) score,oswestry disability index (ODI) score and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score assessed clinical symptom and physical function.The intervertebral angle,posterior disk height and foraminal height were measured in X-ray.The patients were taken CT at preoperation and postoperation.The area and distance of herniated disc were measured in CT scan.Results In the aspect of clinical effect,25 cases were finished operation successly.The VAS score decreased from (6.61±1.29) points on preoperation to (2.78±1.00) points on the last follow-up,the ODI score decreased from (31.9±8.3) points to (15.9±6.4) points,the JOA score increased from (9.6± 3.0) points to (18.8± 3.2) points.In the aspect of spine structure,the intervertebral angle decreased from 10.1°±5.4° on preoperation to 8.4°±4.9° on the last follow-up,the posterior disk height increased from (0.65±0.29) cm on preoperation to (0.78±0.27) cm on the last follow-up and the foraminal height increased from (2.01±0.35) cm on preoperation to (2.16±0.37)cm.There was significant difference on posterior disk height and foraminal height between preoperation and postoperation,while the posterior disk height lost (0.07±0.12) cm (9.3％) and foraminal height lost (0.06±0.19) cm (2.7％).The CT showed that area of herniated disc decreased from (4.10±0.78) mm to (3.72±0.66) mm (9.3％) and distance of herniated disc decreased from (96.4±37.8) mm2 to (83.8±31.1) mm2 (7.4％).Conclusion BacFuse can relieve symptom and affect the biomechanics of the spine,makes the herniated disc retract partially,playing a Internal Retractor role in spine,and it is a new effective therapy for LDH.

Objective To explore the relation between vitamin D deficiency and susceptibility to spinal tuberculosis. Methods A total of 163 hospitalized patients with untreated spinal tuberculosis in Tianjin Haihe hospital were enrolled in this study from June 2013 to May 2016. A total of 170 individuals participated in health examination program at the same period were enrolled as the control group. The serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The 25(OH)D grading included serious deficiency group (<25 nmol/L), deficiency group (≥25 nmol/L and <50 nmol/L), insufficiency group (≥50 nmol/L and <75 nmol/L) and sufficiency group (≥75 nmol/L). Histopathological classification was confirmed by intraoperative findings. Results The serum level of 25(OH)D was significantly lower in patient group [23.99(20.55,29.54)nmol/L] than that of control group [42.94(35.68,51.04) nmol/L] (P<0.01), and which was also significantly lower in four seasons than that of controls (P<0.05). The serum levels of 25(OH)D were significantly higher in summer group than those of winter group in both patient and control groups (P<0.008 3). The proportion of patients with serious deficiency of 25(OH)D was significantly higher in spring and winter groups in patient group, which was significantly lower in summer group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in patients with serious deficiency of 25(OH)D between four seasons (P<0.01). For control group, there was a higher proportion of cases with deficiency of 25(OH)D in four seasons, and there was no significant difference in the distribution of seasons (P>0.05). In patient group, there were 107 cases of caseous necrosis type, 56 cases of hyperplasia type, and the proportion of caseous necrosis type was significantly higher in the severe deficiency group (79.17%, 76/96) than that of deficiency group (46.27%, 31/67, P<0.01). Conclusion Excluding the effect of season, vitamin D deficiency is associated with susceptibility to spinal tuberculosis and histopathologic classification.