Objective Observe the results and reality of the peripheral nerve stimulator in the obtu- rator nerve block in TURBt.Methods 18 cases received the peripheral nerve stimulator in obturator nerve block before TURBt.Results In 17cases obturator nerve reflection vanished;lcase had a little symptom of adductor spasm.Conclusion Obturator nerve block with the help of the nerve stimulator can increase the achievement and quality of obturator nerve block and avoid some complications caused by obturator nerve re- flection in TURBt,such as perforation of bladder and injury of nerve and vessel.

Objective To assess the estimated 10-year risk of stroke among hypertensive outpatients known with diabetes from cardiovascular clinics of 36 tertiary hospitals in China and to analyze the characteristics of the risk factors and the 10-year risk of stroke between the southern and the northern patients.Methods A multi-center prevalence survey was conducted from October 2011 to June 2012.Hypertensive outpatients known with diabetes were enrolled from cardiovascular clinics of 36 tertiary hospitals in China.A total of 15 914 outpatients were included in the final analysis.The 10-year probability of stroke was evaluated by the Framingham stroke risk profile.According to the 10-year probability of stroke,patients were divided into low risk (≤ 5％),medium risk (6％ ～9％) and high risk (≥10％).Results (1) Of all the hypertensive outpatients known with diabetes,the mean age was (64.6 ± 10.1) years and the mean systolic pressure was (138.7 ± 19.3) mmHg(1 mmHg =0.133 kPa).Among them,7.4％ with atrial fibrillation,11.2％ with left ventricular hypertrophy,57.2％ with cardiovascular diseases,17.1％ smokers and 37.0％ using mono-hypoglycemic agent.The southern patients who were older with more smokers had higher proportions of men and left ventricular hypertrophy,lower Levels of systolic blood pressure,and lower proportions of other cardiovascular diseases than those of the northern patients (all P ＜ 0.05).(2) The mean 10-year probability of stroke was (20.9 ± 16.2) ％.The southern patients had a higher mean 10-year probability of stroke than that of the northern patients [(22.4 ± 17.1)％ vs (19.7 ± 15.2)％] (P ＜ 0.01).After adjusted by age and sex,the southern patients still had a higher mean 10-year probability of stroke (P ＜0.05).(3) All the patients had 7.7％ with low risk,17.4％ with medium risk,and 74.9％ with high risk.The southern patients had lower proportions of low and medium risk than those of the northern patients (6.7％ vs 8.4％,15.5％ vs 18.9％),but had a higher proportion of high risk than that of the northern patients (77.7％ vs 72.7％,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Among the hypertensive outpatients known with diabetes from the cardiovascular clinics of our study,most of them were at the 10-year high risk of stroke.The southern patients had a higher mean 10-year probability of stroke than that of the northern patients.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the therapeutic effect of thenar perforator flaps for the narrow cicatricial contracture at thumb and the first web.

METHODSFrom Aug. 2010 to Jan. 2012, 9 cases with narrow cicatricial contracture at thumb and the first web, were treated. The defect size after releasing the contracture ranged from 8 mm x 20 mm to 15 cm x 30 mm. The bilateral thenar perforator flaps beside the wound were designed which size was 10 mm x 25 mm to 15 mm x 35 mm. The wounds at donor sites were closed directly.

RESULTSAll the 9 flaps survived completely with primary healing. The patients were followed up for 6-18 months. The flaps had soft texture and good appearance. The shape of flaps and function of the fingers were satisfied after 6-18 months of follow-up. There was no scar contracture at incisions in thenar. The thumb motion was really normal. The abduction of first web was 70 degrees - 90 degrees degrees.

CONCLUSIONSThe thenar perforator flaps is one of the ideal methods for the treatment of narrow cicatricial contracture at thumb and the first web. The main artery is not sacrified.

Arteries ; Cicatrix ; surgery ; Contracture ; surgery ; Fingers ; Humans ; Perforator Flap ; transplantation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin Transplantation ; Thumb ; surgery ; Wound Healing

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of stimulating “Zhiyang” (DU 9) with electric acupuncture apparatus on contents of cAMP and cGMP in plasma of experimental acute myocardial ischemic rabbits.Methods40 rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: the normal control group (A), model group (B), model plus electric acupuncture on “Neiguan” (P 6) group (C) and model plus electric acupuncture on DU 9 group (D). The acute myocardial ischemic model was established by pituitrin (2 U/kg) injected into the vein of rabbit. Electrocardiogram (ECG) of Ⅱ leads was observed and contents of cAMP and cGMP in plasma were tested after electric acupuncture by radio immunoassay.ResultsThe cAMP contents of the group C and group D were lower than that of the group B significantly ( P<0.01), but not different from that of the group A ( P>0.05), and there was no difference between the group C and group D. The contents of cGMP were not different among four groups ( P>0.05).ConclusionPuncturing DU 9 can raise the myocardial endurance to the insufficiency of blood and oxygen. The effects of electric acupuncture on DU 9 and P 6 are the same.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of myasthenia gravis (MG) associated autoantibodies.Methods Titin,ryanodine receptor (RyR)and acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies were examined in the sera of 74 myasthenia gravies patients by ELISA.Results AChR,Titin, RyR antibodies were detected in 77.0% (57/74),39.2% (29/74) and 32.4% (24/74) of the MG patients,respectively.For thymoma MG,AChR,Titin and RyR antibodies were detected in 76.2% (16/21),71.4% (15/21) and 52.4% (11/21) respectively.For late onset MG,Titin and RyR antibodies were detected in 77.3% (17/22) and 50.0% (11/22) respectively.With respect to the modified Osserman classification,the positve rate for Titin and RyR antibodies is much higher in more severe patients (X~2= 16.094,P=0.001;X~2=11.226,P=0.011).Titin antibodies was significantly related with RyR antibodies (r=0.380,P=0.001).Conclusions Titin and RyR antibodies show high sensitivity for thymoma MG,and the combination of serological and radiological testing can increase both sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of thymoma MG.The levels of the two antibodies may serve as important prognosis markers in MG.The induction of the immune response against Titin and RyR and the possible pathogenic effects of the two antibodies will be further studied.

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD): on H2O2-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells. Methods PC12 cells were transfected with sense and antisense human MnSOD by lipofectin, and exposed to 50 mmol/L H2O2, MTT assay, low cytometry and Hoechst stain were used to study the cytotoxicity. Results MnSOD activity increased by 130% in cells transfected with sense MnSOD cDNA, and was decreased by 67% in cells transfected with antisense MnSOD cDNA as compared with controls. Conclusion Antisense MnSOD can offer protection against H2O2-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. The damage of the mitochondria may be attributed to the cytotoxicity of H2O2 against PC12 cells, which induces imbalance of cellular redox and apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the effects of high-affinity tyrosine kinase receptors TrkB,TrkC and the low-affinity neurotrophin receptor p75 in spiral ganglion cell(SGC)of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.Methods The 50 adult Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups received intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin with vary dose.Control group was received equivalent volumes of saline.The group received l day intraperitoneal injection was cisplatin treated at a dose of 5 mg/kg and killed at next day.The group received 3 days was cisplatin treated for 3 days at sanle dose daily and then killed at next day.The group A received 5 days was cisplatin treated for 5 days and killed at next day.The group B received 5 days was cisplatin treated for 5 days and then were sacrificed after 7 davs.The change of mRNA level of neurotrophin receptors in cochlear tissue were examined bv RT-PCR.The expressing pattern of TrkB,TrkC,P75 in damaged cochlea were study by immunochemistry using antibodies against TrkB,TrkC,P75 protein.Results The research data showed the expression of Trk B,Trk C,D75 exhibited in SGC wag dynamic along with the administration lasting.The mRNA and protein level of Trk B(x±s)at day 1 and 3 after cisplatin treatment were 0.76±0.06,88.78±4.28,0.82±0.09 and 91.64±4.06,with significant difference among those and other groups(P＜0.05).The mRNA and protein level of TrkC at day 1 after cisplatin treatment were 0.80±0.05 and 89.55±2.76.with significant difference among that and other groups(P＜0.05).The mRNA and protein level of p75 at the control group and cisplatin treated groups were 0.64±0.04,55.16±3.10.0.77±0.04,78.46±3.86,1.01±0.09,105.02±6.61,1.18±0.09,111.10±6.08.0.51±0.04 and 42.74±5.20.with significant difference among the control group and cisplatin treated groups(P＜0.05).Conclusions The expression of Trk B increased to peak at day 1-3 after cisplatin treatment and decreased at day 5 early and following weeks.The expression of Trk C went up to peak at day l after cisplatin treatment and went down during subsequently time.P75 kept a trend of continuance increased during the drug treatment and decrease at drug stopped.The expression of Trk B.Trk C and P75 may be involved in cochlear insuh with cisplatin-induced.Trk B and Trk C may play an important role in the reparative process of cochlear,especially at early stage of the damage.P75 could promote SGC apoptosis in cisplatin-induced neuretoxicity.

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD): on H2O2-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells. Methods PC12 cells were transfected with sense and antisense human MnSOD by lipofectin, and exposed to 50 mmol/L H2O2, MTT assay, low cytometry and Hoechst stain were used to study the cytotoxicity. Results MnSOD activity increased by 130% in cells transfected with sense MnSOD cDNA, and was decreased by 67% in cells transfected with antisense MnSOD cDNA as compared with controls. Conclusion Antisense MnSOD can offer protection against H2O2-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. The damage of the mitochondria may be attributed to the cytotoxicity of H2O2 against PC12 cells, which induces imbalance of cellular redox and apoptosis.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) reference standards plays an important role in the quality control of Chinese herbal pieces. This paper overviewed the development of TCM reference standards. By analyzing the 2010 edition of Chinese pharmacopoeia, the application of TCM reference standards in the quality control of Chinese herbal pieces was summarized, and the problems exiting in the system were put forward. In the process of improving the quality control level of Chinese herbal pieces, various kinds of advanced methods and technology should be used to research the characteristic reference standards of Chinese herbal pieces, more and more reasonable reference standards should be introduced in the quality control system of Chinese herbal pieces. This article discussed the solutions in the aspect of TCM reference standards, and future development of quality control on Chinese herbal pieces is prospected.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; standards ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Quality Control ; Reference Standards

The contents of schisandrol A, schisandrol B, schisantherin A, schisandrin A , schisandrin B, schisandrin C in Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus (SCF) were determined simultaneously by HPLC. Collect 100-seed weight, color, pulp content, longitude and latitude of SCF of different batches were collected. SIMCA-P and SPSS were applied to make PLS-DA analysis of 24 batches of SCF and correlation analysis of relevant parameters. According to the 13 parameters, SCF from three different places of origin could be distinguished effectively. It was found that the content of chemical component of SCF increased with latitude and longitude first, and then decrease. The results provide some theoretical basis for study of SCF genuineness and traditional method of identifying just from experience.
China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Schisandra ; chemistry ; classification