1.Characteristic pattern of human prostatic growth with age.
Shu-Jie XIA ; Xiao-Xin XU ; Jian-Bao TENG ; Chun-Xiao XU ; Xiao-Da TANG
Asian Journal of Andrology 2002;4(4):269-271
AIMTo study the characteristic pattern of the age-related growth of the human prostate gland.
METHODSThe volume (weight) of the prostate in 1,601 males, aged from newborn to 92 years, was determined by B-ultrasonography.
RESULTSProstatic volume determination by B-ultrasonography in 1601 males (1301 normal subjects and 300 BPH patients) pointed out that the age-stratified growth of human prostate could be categorized into 4 life stages: (1) the first slow growing phase (from newborn to 9 years): the prostate grows slowly at a rate of 0.14 g per year; (2) the first rapid growing phase (from 10 to 30 years): the prostate grows at a rate of 0.84 g per year; (3) the second slow growing phase (from 30 to 50 years), the prostate grows at a rate of 0.21 g per year; (4) the second rapid growing phase (from 50 to 90 years): the prostate grows at one of the following rates: in one group the growth rate is of 0.50 g per year and in the other 1.20 g per year, leading to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
CONCLUSIONThe volumes of the prostate are different in different age groups and it grows with age at different rates in four life phases. The prostate growth in phases can be expressed by the following equation: Y=19.36+1.36X'-0.58X'(2+0.33X'3), where Y = prostate volume, X = age (up to 70 years), X'=(X-35.5)/10.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organ Size ; Prostate ; anatomy & histology ; diagnostic imaging ; growth & development ; Ultrasonography
3. Application of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor to prevent chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in patients with lymphoma: a prospective, multicenter, open-label clinical trial
Huiqiang HUANG ; Bing BAI ; Yuhuan GAO ; Dehui ZOU ; Shanhua ZOU ; Huo TAN ; Yongping SONG ; Zhenyu LI ; Jie JIN ; Wei LI ; Hang SU ; Yuping GONG ; Meizuo ZHONG ; Yuerong SHUANG ; Jun ZHU ; Jinqiao ZHANG ; Zhen CAI ; Qingliang TENG ; Wanjun SUN ; Yu YANG ; Zhongjun XIA ; Hailin CHEN ; Luoming HUA ; Yangyi BAO ; Ning WU
Chinese Journal of Hematology 2017;38(10):825-830
Objective:
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) in prophylaxis neutropenia after chemotherapy in patients with lymphoma.
Methods:
This was a multicenter, single arm, open, phase Ⅳ clinical trial. Included 410 patients with lymphoma received multiple cycles of chemotherapy and PEG-rhG-CSF was administrated as prophylactic. The primary endpoint was the incidence of Ⅲ/Ⅳ grade neutropenia and febrile neutropenia (FN) after each chemotherapy cycle. Meanwhile the rate of antibiotics application during the whole period of chemotherapy was observed.
Results:
①Among the 410 patients, 8 cases (1.95%) were contrary to the selected criteria, 35 cases (8.54%) lost, 19 cases (4.63%) experienced adverse events, 12 cases (2.93%) were eligible for the termination criteria, 15 cases (3.66%) develpoed disease progression or recurrence, thus the rest 321 cases (78.29%) were into the Per Protocol Set. ②During the first to fourth treatment cycles, the incidences of grade Ⅳ neutropenia after prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF were 19.14% (49/256) , 12.5% (32/256) , 12.18% (24/197) , 13.61% (20/147) , respectively. The incidences of FN were 3.52% (9/256) , 0.39% (1/256) , 2.54% (5/197) , 2.04% (3/147) , respectively. After secondary prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF, the incidences of Ⅳ grade neutropenia decreased from 61.54% (40/65) in the screening cycle to 16.92% (11/65) , 18.46% (12/65) and 20.75% (11/53) in 1-3 cycles, respectively. The incidences of FN decreased from 16.92% (11/65) in the screening cycle to 1.54% (1/65) , 4.62% (3/65) , 3.77% (2/53) in 1-3 cycles, respectively. ③The proportion of patients who received antibiotic therapy during the whole period of chemotherapy was 34.39% (141/410) . ④The incidence of adverse events associated with PEG-rhG-CSF was 4.63% (19/410) . The most common adverse events were bone pain[3.90% (16/410) ], fatigue (0.49%) and fever (0.24%) .
Conclusion
During the chemotherapy in patients with lymphoma, the prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF could effectively reduce the incidences of grade Ⅲ/Ⅳ neutropenia and FN, which ensures that patients with lymphoma receive standard-dose chemotherapy to improve its cure rate.
4.Expressions and prognostic significance of PTEN and PD-1 protein in patients with classical Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Bing XIA ; Dong Wei WU ; Teng Teng WANG ; Shan Qi GUO ; Yi WANG ; Hong Liang YANG ; Wen XU ; Chen TIAN ; Lian Yu ZHANG ; Bao Cun SUN ; E M SOTOMAYOR ; Yi Zhuo ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Hematology 2018;39(10):839-844
Objective: To elucidate the expression levels of key immune biomarkers, phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) and programmed cell death protein1(PD-1),of different immune tolerance pathway in classic Hodgkin's lymphoma (CHL) to further determine their clinical role and prognostic significance. Methods: The clinical features and prognostic factors of 56 CHL patients, who were admitted to the TianJin Medical University Cancer Institute from February 2003 to August 2013, were retrospectively analyzed. PTEN and PD-1 protein expression levels were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, Epstein-Barr virus encoded RNA (EBER) was performed by in situ hybridization assay. Correlations between the expression of biomarkers and clinicopathologic parameters were examined and survival analyses were performed. Results: This cohort of 56 CHL patients included 34 males and 22 females with a median age of 25 years (ranged from 7 to 71 years). In a univariate analysis, age≥45, IPS score >2, EBER positive, high expression of PTEN protein conferred inferior 5-year OS and 5-year PFS; In a multivariate model, age≥45, IPS score >2, EBER positive, high expression of PTEN protein were identified as the independent adverse prognostic factors for CHL. Conclusions: This study suggested for the first time that PTEN was independent prognostic immune biomarkers in CHL, which provided the novel therapeutic strategy of immune therapy for CHL.
Adolescent
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Adult
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Aged
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Child
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Female
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Hodgkin Disease
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Humans
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Male
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Middle Aged
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PTEN Phosphohydrolase/analysis*
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Prognosis
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Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/analysis*
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Retrospective Studies
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Young Adult
5.Identification of Armeniacae Semen Amarum Adulterated in Persicae Semen by Allele-specific Polymerase Chain Reaction
Xue-rui LU ; Zhong-fei SHI ; Bao-xia TENG ; Lin NI ; Ping-rong YANG ; Ping-shun SONG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2021;27(11):155-161
Objective:Due to the limitation of traditional identification methods of Chinese medicinal materials, the study established a rapid method to identify Persicae Semen mixed with Armeniacae Semen Amarum by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Method:By comparing the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene sequences of Persicae Semen and Armeniacae Semen Amarum, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites were searched and specific primers were designed. Different Persicae Semen and Armeniacae Semen Amarum samples were amplified by PCR, the effects of annealing temperature, primer concentration and cycle number on the PCR reaction system were optimized, and the specificity and detection limit of this method were investigated. In addition, the established PCR method was used to detect the samples of Persicae Semen mixed with different proportion of Armeniacae Semen Amarum from different sources and producing areas. Result:A specific PCR method for identifying Persicae Semen mixed with Armeniacae Semen Amarum was established. When the annealing temperature was 63 ℃ and the number of primer cycles was 30, only Armeniacae Semen Amarum could be amplified with 432 bp specific band, while Persicae Semen samples did not have this band. The minimum detection limit of this method for Armeniacae Semen Amarum was 0.2 ng, and the detection limit for Armeniacae Semen Amarum adulterated in Persicae Semen was 1%. Conclusion:The established allele-specific PCR method can accurately detect whether there is Armeniacae Semen Amarum in Persicae Semen, which can provide experimental basis for the quality control of Persicae Semen and guarantee the safety of its clinical use.
6.Identification of Levisticum officinale Adulterated in Angelica sinensis by PCR-RFLP
Zhong-fei SHI ; Bao-xia TENG ; Jing LAI ; Lin NI ; Ping-shun SONG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2021;27(9):168-175
Objective:To establish a rapid method to identify
7. Treatment advice of small molecule antiviral drugs for elderly COVID-19
Min PAN ; Shuang CHANG ; Xiao-Xia FENG ; Guang-He FEI ; Jia-Bin LI ; Hua WANG ; Du-Juan XU ; Chang-Hui WANG ; Yan SUN ; Xiao-Yun FAN ; Tian-Jing ZHANG ; Wei WEI ; Ling-Ling ZHANG ; Jim LI ; Fei-Hu CHEN ; Xiao-Ming MENG ; Hong-Mei ZHAO ; Min DAI ; Yi XIANG ; Meng-Shu CAO ; Xiao-Yang CHEN ; Xian-Wei YE ; Xiao-Wen HU ; Ling JIANG ; Yong-Zhong WANG ; Hao LIU ; Hai-Tang XIE ; Ping FANG ; Zhen-Dong QIAN ; Chao TANG ; Gang YANG ; Xiao-Bao TENG ; Chao-Xia QIAN ; Guo-Zheng DING
Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin 2023;39(3):425-430
COVID-19 has been prevalent for three years. The virulence of SARS-CoV-2 is weaken as it mutates continuously. However, elderly patients, especially those with underlying diseases, are still at high risk of developing severe infections. With the continuous study of the molecular structure and pathogenic mechanism of SARS-CoV-2, antiviral drugs for COVID-19 have been successively marketed, and these anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs can effectively reduce the severe rate and mortality of elderly patients. This article reviews the mechanism, clinical medication regimens, drug interactions and adverse reactions of five small molecule antiviral drugs currently approved for marketing in China, so as to provide advice for the clinical rational use of anti-SARS-CoV-2 in the elderly.