Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Angiostatins ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; metabolism ; Microvessels ; metabolism ; Neoplasms ; blood supply ; pathology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

Objective Toinvestigate the effects of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum on cardiovascular system by making use of arterial pressure waveform analysis( FloTrac/Vigileo system) to observe the change of heart function of patients undergoing laparoscopy cholecystotomy. Methods Forty patients scheduled for elective laparoscopy cholecystotomy were divided into two groups with 20 cases each by random sampling.Ventilatory capacity was fixed (tidal volume was 10 ml/kg, frequency was 12 times/min) in group A and adjusted to keep arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) and end expiration carbon dioxide tension(PETCO2)in normal range in group B. The parameters, such as mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output(CO),stroke volume (SV), stroke volume variability (SVV), heart rate(HR), pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2),PETCO2, PaCO2 were recorded and analyzed. Results In group A:HR,MAP,CI,SVV,PaCO2 and PETCO2 were increased at 10,30 min after pneumoperitoneum (P ＜0.05 or ＜0.01),there was no significant difference in SVV between the end of pneumoperitoneum and 5 min after intubation [(8 ±2)% vs. (9 ±3 )%](P＞ 0.05 ) ,but HR, MAP, CI,SVI,PaCO2 and PETCO2 increased significantly (P＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ). In group B: HR, MAP, CI, SVI, PaCO2 and PETCO2 at 10,30 min after pneumoperitoneum were no changes (P ＞0.05 ), SVV was higher than that at 5 min after intubation (P ＜ 0.01 ), there was no significant difference in SVV between the end of pneumoperitoneum and 5 ain after intubation [(9 ± 2)% vs. ( 10 ± 2)%] (P ＞0.05 ). HR, CI, SVI, PaCO2, PETCO2 at 30 min after pneumoperitoneum and the end of pneumoperitoneun were significantly higher in group A than those in group B (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusions During carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum, hypercapnia can increase MAP, HR, CO,SV significantly, and intra abdominal pressure can decrease preload by hindering the reflow of inferior vena cava and abdominal viscera veins. Arterial pressure waveform analysis can promptly reflect the effects of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum on cardiovascular system and be in favour of adjusting the respiration parameters and managing transfusion in laparoscopic surgery.

The present study was to examine the effect of stellate ganglion block (SGB) on bilateral regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) and postoperative cognitive function. Eighty patients undergoing selective coronary artery bypass graft with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were randomly and equally divided into two groups. The patients in group S were given right SGB with ropivacaine, while the patients in group C were injected with normal saline. We compared the bilateral rSO2 after SGB. Minimum Mental State Examination (MMSE), Visual Verbal Learning Test (VVLT), and Digital Span Test (DST) were applied to observe the effect on cognitive function. We found that the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) 7 days after surgery in group S was lower than that in group C. The level of blocked side rSO₂ of S group were significantly higher before CPB time of rewarming than that before SGB (P < 0.05), much higher than corresponding non-blocked side rSO₂ before CPB (P < 0.05), and much higher than rSO₂ level in group C before CPB and after CPB (P < 0.05). The non-blocked side rSO₂ in group S before anesthesia were much lower than basic levels and those in group C (P < 0.05). It could be concluded from the above results that there was significant increase in the blocked-side rSO₂ compared to the non-blocked side and there was significant decrease in the incidence of POCD compared to the control group after SGB.
Autonomic Nerve Block ; adverse effects ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; adverse effects ; Cerebrum ; physiology ; Cognition ; Cognition Disorders ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Incidence ; Oxygen ; physiology ; Oxygen Consumption ; Postoperative Complications ; Stellate Ganglion

Objective To investigate the effect of elemene on mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and caspase-8 in tumor tissues of mice bearing hepatoma H22.Methods Forty BALB/c mice models bearing hepatoma H22 were established by subcutaneous inoculating tumor cells.Forty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:model group,low-and high-elemene dosage groups,and cisplatin group.The tumors after executing mice were weighted.The mRNA expressions of TRAF6 and caspase-8 in tumor tissues were detected by quantitative real-time reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results The dosage of elemene could inhibit tumor growth.The inhibition ratio of cancer in the low-and high-elemene dosage and cisplatin group was 24.2％,27.4％,and 28.2％,respectively.It reduced significantly tumor weights(P ＜0.01).Compared to the model group,the expression level of TRAF6 mRNA on tumors was decreased significantly,while the expression level of caspase-8 mRNA was increased significantly in the other groups(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The present results indicated that molecular mechanism of inhibition of liver cancer growth treated by elemene might be through down-regulating mRNA expressions of TRAF6 and caspase-8,promoting tumor cells apoptosis,and achieving the anti-tumor effect.

1.0～(?)1.5 cm(14.81%)(P=0.10).There was no lymph node metastasis in tumors less than 1.0 cm in diameter. The 5-year survival rates for cases with or without lymph node involvement were 92.31% and 60.0%,respectively,the difference was significant(P=0.000).The 5-year survival rates of 12 patients showing ground-glass opacity(GGO)on chest CT was 91.67% without any lymph node involvement.Conclusions:There is mediastinal and hilar lymph node involvement even with tumor diameter less than 2 cm.The results of the present study suggested that routine lymph node dissection is necessary even for cases with tumor diameter less than 2 cm.However,if the tumor is within 1.0 cm in diameter with obvious GGO showing on chest CT,these are good candidates for partial resection without mediastinal lymph node dissection.

Objective To summarize clinical features of local and regional failure of salivary gland carcinoma treating by 125I seed,and evaluate the clinical and histologic risk factors for its development.Methods Patients with salivary gland carcinoma treated by 125I seeds between Oct 2001 and Aug 2012 were analyzed retrospectively.The risk factors were analyzed statistically,including age,gender,tumor site,TNM stage,histological differentiation,radiotherapy,treatment,matched peripheral dose and primary or recurrent tumor.Results Ninety-four of 449 patients with salivary gland carcinoma treated by 125I seeds developed local and/or regional area recurrence.Of these,six patients failed in both local and regional area,77 patients failed in local area and eleven patients failed in regional area.The local and regional failure rate was 20.9％.The result of multivariate analysis showed that surgery,radiotherapy and matched peripheral dose were the protective factors(OR =0.458,0.297,0.982,P ＜ 0.05),while age and TNM stage were the risk factors(OR =1.250,1.483,P ＜ O.05).Conclusions The local and regional failure rate was 20.9％.Surgery,radiotherapy and matched peripheral dose were the protective factors;age and TNM stage were the risk factors.

OBJECTIVETo observe anti-cancer effects of Jianpi Jiedu Recipe (JJR) on liver cancer (LC) rats with Pi deficiency syndrome (PDS) and its relation with the third complementary-determining region gene spectratyping of TCRVβ-chain (TCRVβCDR3).

METHODSRats were divided into 8 groups according to random digit table, i.e., the blank control group (normal), the PDS group, the LC model group, the LC-PDS group, high, middle, and low dose JJR groups (75.00, 37.50, 18.75 g/kg, respectively by gastrogavage, once per day), the thymus pentapeptide group (5 mg/kg, intramuscular injection, twice per week), 8 in each group. Rats in the normal group were administered with physiological saline by gastrogavage once per day. PDS rat model was prepared by bitter-cold purgation. LC model was prepared by orthotopic transplantation method. Twenty gene subfamilies of TCRβCDR3 in the thymus, liver, and LC tissues were detected by Gene Scan.

RESULTSHigh and middle dose JJR could postpone the growth of LC volume (P < 0.05), with equivalent liver index and thymus index to those of the normal group (P > 0.05). In thymus and liver tissue of the normal group, the number of clones (20 and 19), gene fragment number (220 and 113), Quasi-Gaussian distribution ratio of TCRVβCDR3 gene repertoire (100.0% and 42.1%), and fragment fluorescence peak area (6,539 ± 2,325 and 1,238 ± 439) were at the highest level among the 8 groups. TCRVβCDR3 expressions in thymus and liver tissue of high and middle dose JJR groups were approximate to those of the normal group. They were in the middle of the thymus pentapeptide group, the PDS group, the LC model group, and poorest in the LC-PDS group. TCRVβCDR3 in liver tissue expressed the best in the thymus pentapeptide group.

CONCLUSIONJJR might inhibit the growth of LC cells, and its mechanism might be related to enhancing TCRVβCDR3 spectratype expression.

Animals ; Complementarity Determining Regions ; genetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genes, T-Cell Receptor beta ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Rats

Objective To investigate the influence of low-dose ketamine and dexmedetomidine on cardiovascular response during. sedative amnesia fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation. Methods Ninety ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients scheduled to recerve general anesthesia were evenly random-ized to dexmedetomidine and ketamine (group DK),dexmedetomidine and propofol (group DP)and dexmedetomidine and remifentanil (group DR).Ten minutes before intubation,the patients in group DK received intravenously dexmedetomidine 1.0 μg/kg plus ketamine 0.5 mg·kg-1 ·h-1 ;those in group DP received intravenously dexmedetomidine 1.0 μg/kg plus propofol 2.0 mg · kg-1 · h-1 ;those in group DR received intravenously dexmedetomidine 1.0 μg/kg plus remifentanil 5.0μg·kg-1 ·h-1 .Nasotracheal intubation was performed with fiberoptic bronchoscopy after dexemeto-midine injection and complete topical anesthesia.HR,MAP,SpO 2 and Ramsay sedation score were re-corded before anesthesia (T0 ,baseline),before intubation (T1 ),immediately intubated (T2 )and five minutes after intubation (T3 ).Side effects such as restlessness,bucking,respiratory depression and cardiovascular event during intubation and awareness of intubation were also recorded.Results All pa-tients in three groups were performed successfully.HR and MAP were significantly decreased in groups DP and DR at T1 (P <0.05),SpO 2 was significantly decreased in group DP at T1 (P <0.05);MAP in group DR were higher than those in group DP,HR in groups DP and DR were significantly increased than those in group DK at T3 (P < 0.05 );Ramsay score were significantly decreased in groups DP and DR at T2 ,significantly lower in group DR at T3 than those in groups DK and DP (P<0.05).The incidences of bradycardia and respriatory depression were significantly higher in group DP than those in group DK,and bucking,restlessness,tachycardia incidence rate in group DR were significantly higher than those in groups DK and DP (P <0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine com-bined with low dose ketamine together with topical anesthesia is an ideal method for sedative amnesia fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation with slighter cardiovascular response and less side effects.

Objective To investigate the intervention of chemokine receptor 4(CXCR4) antagonist AMD3100 in lung tissues of rats during pulmonary oxygen intoxication.Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:normal pressure air PBS group, normal pressure air antagonist group , oxygen exposure PBS group and oxygen exposure antagonist group, each consisting of 10 animals.The last two groups were compressed to 0.23 MPa at an exponential rate of 0.1 MPa/min by pure oxygen.Pathological changes of lung tissues were observed by hematoxylin eosin stain.Changes in TNF-αand IL-1βexpression levels in the lung tissues of rats were detected by ELISA.Changes in CXCR4 expression levels were ob-served by Western blotting.Results Pathological examination indicated that edema and hemorrhage in the alveolar and pulmonary interstitial tissue of oxygen exposure antagonist group were lighter than in oxygen exposure PBS group.The levels of TNF-α, IL-1βand cleaved-caspase-3 in the lung tissues of the oxygen exposure antagonist group were lower than in oxy-gen exposure PBS group.Conclusion Blocking CXCR4 with AMD3100 can effectively alleviate lung injury during pulmo-nary oxygen intoxication.

Objective To study the pathological changes of lung tissues during fast floating escape-induced decompres-sion sickness.Methods Eighty male SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups, 60 in fast floating escape group (escape group) , and 20 in control group .Rats in the control group were only put in a cabin under the same atmospheric pressure (ATM).Rats in escape group were pressurized to 1.5 MPa by pressure air at the 2t/7 exponential rate and stayed for 4 min till decompression.Then the rats′survival rate was observed after 0.5 h, lung tissue specimens were collected from each rat, the pathological score was taken , according to the degree of lung injury and the R language was used for statistical analysis.Results The mortality rate was 50%.Lung tissues of these rats were pathologically characterized by stromal lung thickening, edema, and hyperemia.Kruskal non-parametric test analysis found a significant difference (P=0.0016) between the two groups .Nemenyi test was used in pairwise comparison .The death and survival animals in escape group compared with the control group, the scores were significantly different (P<0.05).The scores had no significant difference between the deach and survival animal in escape group .Conclusion Decompression sickness caused by fast floating es-cape can significantly damage the blood-lung barrier to cause pulmonary edema .