OBJECTIVE: To investigate imaging and audiology features of temporal bone and analyze the classification and prevalence of inner ear abnormalities in children with sensorineural hearing loss. METHOD: Children who were diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss were examined by high resolution CT and the inner ear fluid of MRI. And each chart was retrospectively reviewed to determine the imaging and audiology features. RESULT: There were 125 patients(232 ears) found with inner ear malformation in 590 children with SNHL. About 21.71% of the inner ear malformation occurred in severe and profound hearing loss ears, and 12.85% occurred in r moderate hearing loss ears. The inner ear malformation rate in normal hearing ears were 13.59%. CONCLUSION CT and MRI examinations of temporal bone are important diagnostic tools to indentify inner ear malformations. Inner ear malformations are almost bilateral and hearing loss are profoud. Cochleo-vestibular malformations and large vestibular aqueduct are the 2 most frequent deformities. Among the children with SNHL, deformity rate in the severe and profound hearing loss ears is higher than that in moderate hearing loss ear. Inner ear malformations can exist in people with normal hearing.
Audiology ; Child ; Ear, Inner ; abnormalities ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; congenital ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Temporal Bone ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vestibular Aqueduct ; abnormalities

BACKGROUND: As a primary clinical predictor of fracture risk, bone mineral density (BMD) is partly genetically determined. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is one important candidate gene in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between T245G polymorphisms in the OPG gene and BMD. METHODS: A total of 281 elderly men and postmenopausal women, 182 males and 99 females, who received routine examinations at Peking University People's Hospital between September 2008 and April 2010 were included in this study. T245G polymorphisms in the OPG gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism together with DNA sequencing. The BMD of the lumbar spine, Ward's triangle, and forearrm was determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Clinical variables and biochemical measurements were collected simultaneously. The association between T245G polymorphisms and each detection index was analyzed using analysis of variance. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The distribution of T245G genotype (alleles T, G) had no difference in elderly men or postmenopausal women (P > 0.05). The GG genotype and TG genotype had higher lumbar spine BMD and TT genotype had lower lumbar spine BMD (P < 0.05). There was no difference in BMD of the Ward's triangle or forearm among different genotypes (P > 0.05). Association between T245G polymorphism and BMD was not found in postmenopausal women. These findings indicate that OPG gene is related to lumbar spine BMD in elderly men.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; etiology ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prognosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

In order to provide substantial scientific information for exploring the mechanism of porcine liver injury caused by Taenia asiatica (T.asiatica),the expression of Cysteine aspartyl proteinase 3 (Caspase-3) from liver tissues of porkets that were experimentally infected by T.asiatica was examined.The T.asiatica adults were collected from the taeniasis patients in Duyun,Guizhou Province and identified biologically.The eggs were harvested from gravid proglottids and prepared by repeated washing and centrifugation.Twelve 20-days old Yorkshire and Seghers hybrid porkets were randomly divided into experimental and control groups as six pigs per group.The experimental group was orally administrated with 1.5 × 106 eggs per porket at day 0 post-infection.The porkets of both groups were sacrificed on the day 15 and day 75 post-infection (three pigs per time point) respectively,and liver samples were collected for further experiments.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method was employed to detect the mRNA levels of Caspase-3,and western blotting and immunohistochemistry methods were performed to detect the level of Caspase-3 expression in both groups.At the day 15 post-infection,the mRNA level and expression level of Caspase-3 of the experimental group were significantly decreased,comparison with the control group (P =0.011,P=0.008 and P=0.004 respectively).It was positive with Caspase-3 when yellow or brown signal appeared in the cytoplasm of liver cells by immunohistochemistry.However,at the day 75 post-infection,the mRNA level and expression level of Caspase-3 of the experimental group were dramatically similar to the control group.Furthermore,in the experimental group,the mRNA level and expression level of Caspase-3 were significantly increased at day 75 post-infection than day 15 post-infection (P--0.018,P=0.003 and P=0.002 respectively).These results suggested that Caspase-3 might be involved into the regulation of the damage of porcine liver induced by T.asiatica challenge at the early infection stage and have on effect to the hepatic injury because of the dramatic recovery of Caspase-3 at the consequent infection stage.

Objective: To observe the effects of microwave on the activity of SOD and the contents of MDA in renal cortex and testis of mice. Methods: Microwave generator(2 450 MHz, 10 mW/cm2) was used to expose mice; NBT,DTNB and TBA were used to mearure the activity of SOD and the contents of MDA in renal cortex and testis of the mice after microwave exposure.Results: The content of MDA in renal cortex and testis of the mice increased progressively on days 1,6,12 and reached the highest level on day 24 after the microwave exposure (P<0.01). The activity of SOD in renal cortex and testis of the mice decreased progressively on days 1, 6, 12 and reached the lowest level on day 24 after the microwave exposure (P<0.01). Conclusions: Microwave exposure can produce reactive oxygen free radicals and lead to depress SOD activity.

Objective To introduce the clinical experience and investigate venous drainage of distal- ly-based dorsal digital neurocutaneous flap for finger-pulp reconstruction.Methods From Mar.2004 to Oct.2005,18 patients with traumatic finger-pulp defect (＞2cm) were treated by distally based dorsal ho- modigital neurocutaneous flaps.The flap measured 2 cm?2cm～3cm?4cm with the neuro-veno-adipal ped- icle 1cm wide and 2～3cm long.The pivot points were proximal to the PIP joints.The dorsal digital nerve was neurorrhaphied with the proper digital nerve of the recipient site.The dorsal digital vein was ligated at 1cm distal to the pivot point to prevent venous ingress.No venous anastomosis was performed.Results All the flaps survived but had some degrees of venous congestion and swelling,and 8 flaps developed tension blisters. In 13 flaps with follow-up more than 6 months,protective sensation was restored.Conclusion Dorsal digit- al neurocutaneous flap is simple and effective for finger-pulp reconstruction.Ligating the big superficial vein at the distal base to interrupt venous ingress,and allowing the proximal vein open and venous egress,can reduce flap congestion and swelling.

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of photocatalytic nano-TiO2 on nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenograft in nude mice and underlying mechanism. Methods Nude mice bearing human nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenograft were randomly divided into six groups:nano-TiO2 + UV irradiation( with gradient concentration of nano-TiO2 ) ; nano-TiO2 alone and UV irradiation alone and blank control.The nano-TiO2 suspension was injected into xenografts,and 24 h after UV light with the wave length of 330 -400 nm,all the xenografts were removed and sectioned for HE staining.Ultrastructure and apoptosis of tumor cells in the xenografts were observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM).The expression of Caspase-3 was examined immunohistochemical staining and the apoptosis was detected with TUNEL.Results Pathological analysis showed significant inflammatory responses ( grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ ) with local necrosis occurred in tumor tissues after nano-TiO2 photodynamic therapy,but not in the negative control and blank control.TEM showed the nano-TiO2 particles entered into the cytoplasm and the nucleus of tumor cells and many tumor cells had morphological changes for apoptosis.Significant positive expression of Caspase-3 and TUNEL-positive cells were found in the the xenograts with the treatments of nano-TiO2 + UV irradiation compared to control( P ＜0.01 ),which were enhanced with the increases in nano-TiO2 concentration (P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion Photocatalytic nano-TiO2 can inhibit the growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenograft in nude mice by inducing Caspase-3 expression and apoptosis in the tumor cells.

OBJECTIVESince late March 2009, a novel influenza H1N1 strain emerged in humans in Mexico and the United States. It has rapidly spread to many countries on different continents, prompting unprecedented activation of pandemic preparedness plans. The present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of children with the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection.

METHODTwelve cases with influenza A (H1N1) infection were diagnosed according to the criteria of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of China during 1 May to 15 July 2009 in the Pediatric Hospital of Fudan University were analyzed. Influenza A (H1N1) RNA was detected by RT-PCR in CDC Shanghai China.

RESULTAll the 12 children with the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection were imported cases, aged from 11 months to 14 years 7 months, 7 of whom were boys, 5 were girls. Five cases contacted closely with influenza A (H1N1) patients; 12 cases had fever and no vomiting or diarrhea; 7 had cough or runny nose or anorexia. One had shortness of breath. Of the 11 cases who could tell about symptoms correctly, 6 had sore throat, 3 had stomachache, and none had muscle pain. Two of the 12 cases had pneumonia, and the disease in 1 of them was fatal and needed intensive care. One case was isolated and treated at home. The 11 cases hospitalized were treated according to the guidance of influenza A (H1N1) diagnosis and treatment issued by the Ministry of Health of China. Ten hospitalized cases were treated with oseltamivir. All the cases recovered completely. The median length of hospital stay was 8.1 days (range, 6 to 16), and the time of negative test results of influenza A (H1N1) RNA from illness onset to collection of samples for viral testing was from 5 to 15 days.

CONCLUSIONSymptoms among children with the novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection were classic and the majority of the cases we treated had a mild clinical course if they were isolated and treated promptly. Antivirals appears to have not had any major adverse effects. More data from different regions and large samples are needed to illuminate the characteristics of children with novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infection.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; isolation & purification ; Influenza, Human ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; virology ; Male

China ; epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; epidemiology ; Rural Population ; Urban Population

Adenosine Triphosphate ; Atropine ; Child, Preschool ; Echocardiography, Stress ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; Myocardial Ischemia ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology