Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; mortality ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; methods ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ; Survival Rate ; Tamoxifen ; therapeutic use

· AIM: To discuss the cause and management of complications during the manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS).combined with intraocular lens implant (MSICS-IOL) were done in 160 patietns with cataract. In this paper, we reviewed the clinical data of the intraoperative complications.injury, posterior capsule rupture, iris prolapse and hyphema, were mainly caused by inexpert skill and lacking of experience.techniques, careful operation could decrease the incidence of complications during MSICS operation. By proper management, the intraoperative complications could be solved satisfactorily.

Three primer were designed based on the consevered area of the genetic of the ATCC VR-2332 strain and LV strain. And the nest RT-PCR of testing porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus were developed. The nest RT-PCR against ATCC VR-2332 strain, LV strain and B13 strain were done by this method.The DNA fragment were obtained specially from the three strains isolated from different region. The size were 430bp (430bp) , 410bp (413bp) and 410 bp (413bp) separately. But the DNA fragment were not obtained from HCV, PPV and PRV. Its sensitivity was 10-2 TCID50. It's sensitivity increased 10000 times than one step RT-PCR. It should make the method of testing porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus more sensitive, fast and accurate.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the resectable rate of advanced gastric cancer characterized by abdominal lymph node metastases with the arteriovenous neoadjuvant FLEOX chemotherapy plus appropriate nutritional support.

METHODSArteriovenous neoadjuvant FLEOX chemotherapy was administered to 50 patients of gastric cancer with advanced abdominal lymph node metastases. Of the 50 patients, 42 had never received any previous therapy and preoperative CT scanning revealed unresectable tumors because of advanced lymph node (station No.3, 7, 9, 12) or distant lymph node (No.14,16) metastases. The other 8 were characterized with relapse of severe lymph node metastases or with unresectable lymph node metastases demonstrated by exploratory laparotomy. Arteriovenous neoadjuvant FLEOX chemotherapy was conducted as follows: from day 1 to day 5, 5-FU 370 mg/m(2) and leukovorin 30 mg/kg intravenously, at day 6 and day 20, CDDP 70 mg/m(2) and epotoside 70 mg/m(2) intraarterially. This FLEOX regimen was repeated every five weeks for two or three courses. Out of the 50 patients,12 malnutritional cases received parenteral and/or enteral nutritional support according to the nutritional condition. Arteriovenous neoadjuvant FLEOX chemotherapy was then administered after the improvement of nutritional state. Their nutritional support methods were adapted to their chemotherapy as well.

RESULTSAll the patients' general conditions and symptoms were improved significantly. For the 50 cases, the imageological and histological response rate (CR+PR) was 84.0%, and curative resection rate was 78.0%. Thus, 39 patients underwent subtotal or total gastrectomy, even combined organ resection, with D(2)+alpha or D(3) lymphadenectomy. Despite neoadjuvant chemotherapy, all malnutritional cases had significant weight gain after nutritional support, and other nutritional indexes,such as serum albumin, also resumed to normal.

CONCLUSIONArteriovenous neoadjuvant FLEOX chemotherapy proves favorable therapeutic effect for gastric cancer with advanced abdominal lymph node metastases, and downstages inoperable metastatic lymph nodes for radical operation. This combined modality regimen and nutritional support may play an important role in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; methods ; Nutritional Support ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the roles of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP) in dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT) and ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC).

METHODSThe expressions of MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-14, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were examined in 15 DGCT cases and 9 GCOC cases by immunohistochemistry. Their mRNA expression in one DGCT case and one GCOC case were investigated by RT-PCT.MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein activities in the two cases were analyzed by gelatin zymography.

RESULTSMMP-9 and TIMP-1 expressions elevated greatly in GCOC, and there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in TIMP-1 expression between GCOC and DGCT.Pro-MMP-9, MMP-9 activated form, pro-MMP-2, and MMP-2 activated forms were detected in the GCOC case, while pro-MMP-9 and MMP-9 activated form were very faint in the DGCT case. The mRNA level of MMP-9 elevated obviously in the GCOC case, which was similar to that of TIMP-1.

CONCLUSIONSThe elevated expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 may influence the behaviour of GCOC.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Dentin ; Humans ; Mandibular Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Odontogenic Tumors ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of MMP-2, MT1-MMP and TIMP-2 in the carcinogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP).

METHODSImmunohistochemistry was performed to examine the expression of OLP and compare with that of NOM.

RESULTSThe expression of these proteinases significantly increased from NOM, non-atrophic OLP, to atrophic OLP and OSCC. The expression of MMP-2 and MT1-MMP in atrophic OLP was significantly higher than in non-atrophic OLP. Furthermore, the expression of TIMP-2 consequently increased with the increasing of the MMP, but the increase of TIMP-2 was less than that of MMP.

CONCLUSIONSMMP may be useful marker to judge the possibility of malignant change of OLP.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lichen Planus, Oral ; metabolism ; pathology ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 14 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Mouth Mucosa ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mouth Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 ; metabolism

This study was aimed to investigate the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and its clinical significance. Expression of VEGF was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the level of COX-2 was detected by Western blot. The results showed that the serum VEGF level of multiple myeloma patients (365.34 +/- 65.63 pg/ml) was higher than that in the normal persons (122.52 +/- 39.29 pg/ml) (p < 0.05); the serum VEGF level of patients at advanced stage (395.07 +/- 54.90) pg/ml was higher than those at stable stage (300.33 +/- 44.22) pg/ml (p < 0.05). The serum Cox-2 positive rate in the patients (31%) was higher than that in normal persons (0%) (p < 0.01); the serum Cox-2 positive rate in the patients at advanced stage (50%) was higher than those at stable stage (21%) (p < 0.01). It is concluded that VEGF and COX-2 may play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of multiple myeloma, they can be used to evaluate the status of patients with MM.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; blood ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; blood ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; blood

OBJECTIVETo find the effects of lead taken by pregnant mice on learning and memory and the expression of synaptosomal-associated protein (SNAP)-25 mRNA and protein, in order to reveal the mechanism of neurotoxicity induced by lead.

METHODSLead exposure was conducted through freely drinking the corresponding lead acetate solutions with dosages of 0.3, 1.0, 3.0 g/L respectively. Each group was composed of 10 mice. 7, 14 and 21 days after their birth. The lead contents in blood and hippocampus of the offspring were determined. At the 21st day the expression of SNAP-25 mRNA and protein in hippocampus of all the offspring in various dosages groups were determined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry assay.

RESULTSThe lead contents in blood and hippocampus of various lead exposed groups were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The lead levels in blood and hippocampus changed accordingly to the days of growth. In Water Morris Maze experiment, the result of 0.3 g/L group was not significantly different from that of the control group (P > 0.05), however, the results of 1.0, 3.0 g/L groups (5.89 ± 0.54, 9.53 ± 1.03) were significantly different from those of the control group (1.73 ± 0.07) (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The expression of SNAP-25 mRNA and protein was lower in lead exposed groups than that of the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMaternal lead exposure may induce the damage in the ability of learning and memory of the offspring. The neurotoxicity of lead may be induced by decreasing the expression of SNAP-25 mRNA and protein so as to affect the release of neurotransmitter from presynaptic terminal resulted in nerve damages.

Animals ; Female ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Lead ; toxicity ; Maternal Exposure ; Maze Learning ; drug effects ; Memory ; drug effects ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical characteristics of triple-negative (TN) breast cancer and non-triple-negative (NTN) breast cancer, enrich the information of TN patients, and provide evidences for individualized combined treatment.

METHODSThe data of 408 cases received operation in the year of 2002 was enrolled in this study. TN patients were confirmed according to the immunohistochemical (IHC) test of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER-2/neu. The clinical characteristics, recurrence, metastasis and survival were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSSeventy-seven patients (18.9%) were confirmed TN cases. The median follow-up was 64 months (range, 3-79 months). Of all the cases, 58 occurred local recurrence or metastasis and 51 died, it was 19 and 12 in TN group. Compared with the NTN group, the TN patient tended to be younger and the tumor mass larger (P=0.015 and 0.011). However, axillary lymph nodes metastasis occurred more often in NTN patients than in TN patients (P=0.001). The rate of local recurrence and metastasis in TN group was significantly higher than in NTN group (P=0.005 and 0.025), and TN cases were more likely to develop lung metastasis than NTN patients (P<0.01). The 3-year and 5-year overall survival rate in TN group were significantly lower than in NTN group (86.4% vs. 93.4%, P=0.0205; 77.7% vs. 87.9%, P=0.0215). The 3-year and 5-year disease-free survival rate in TN group were also significantly lower than in NTN group (78.4% vs. 92.4%, P=0.0038; 72.8% vs. 85.8%, P=0.0041). Tumor size, lymph node status and triple-negative were the most important factors influencing the prognosis on multivariate Cox regression analysis.

CONCLUSIONSTN breast cancer haa some specific clinical characteristics. The prognosis of TN patients is worse than that of NTN patients. Further study is needed to find individualized treatment for TN breast cancer patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Prognosis ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone ; metabolism ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Analysis ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the methods of early etiological diagnosis and principles of endovascular embolization in Hunt-Hess Ⅳ—Ⅴ grade subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH),and to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy.Methods Thirty-one patients underwent imaging examinations such as CT and DSA to make the early diagnosis of SAH.Meanwhile,Guglielmi detachable microcoil(GDC)was used to applying aneurysmal intracapsular embolization in the ruptured aneurysms,and efficient symptomatic treatment was adopted early postoperatively.The results were tested by ?~2 test.Results All 31 cases were diagnosed early and operated successfully.Among them,the aneurysm lumen was 100% occluded in 26 cases,95% occluded in 3 cases;90% occluded in 2 cases.There were 5 cases complicating with cerebral vasospasm.One case recurrent was cured with secondary complementary GDC embolization.Nine cases(29.0%)had permanent sequelae associated with SAH.According to the Glasgow prognosis score, the therapeutic efficacy was as following:6 patients were in grade Ⅰ,9 in grade Ⅱ,4 in grade m,2 in grade Ⅳ,and 10 in grade Ⅴ;10 patients died,and the morality rate was 32.3%.None of them exhibited re-bleeding with follow-up period of 3 to 68 months postoperatively.Morality rates were significantly different between the group with aneurysmal diameter of 11—25 mm and the group of 5—10 mm(?~2=6.60,P