Objective To study the effects of calcitonin on bone mineral density(BMD), bone strength and bone fragile fracture in osteoporosis. Methods This is a one year, single centered, prospective and randomized, opening study: 135 patients with osteoporosis were divided into calcitonin+calcium group and calcium group. Patients of calcitonin+calcium group received salmon calcitonin(Miacalcic was injected intramuscularly, 50 IU/day in first week, 50 IU/two days in second week and 50 IU/twice/week later) and calcium(calcium 600 mg/day), patients in another group received calcium(calcium 600 mg/day). The determination markers included serum calcium, serum phosphate, serum alkline phosphatase, osteocalcin and urine hydroxyproline before and after treatment, at same time all patients were examined by DEXA(lumbar, hip) and QUS(radius, tibia). Results After 1 year treatment, 53 patients of calcitonin+calcium group and 59 patients of calcium group were followed up. In calcitonin+calcium group, BMD of lumbar spine increased about 1%(P

Plant growth retardant as one of plant growth regulator can inhibit the cell division, elongation and growth rate in shoot apical meristem (SAM), which can be reversed by gibberellin regulate the product of photosynthesis transfer to the root and rhizome part. As commonly used plant growth retardant, paclobutrazol, uniconazole, chlorocholine chloride, mepiquat chloride, choline chloride and daminozide are used to promote the growth of root and rhizome, call as "zhuanggenling", "pengdasu", "pengdaji" etc. Single or recombination of plant growth regulator is registered as pesticide, and called as pesticide "zhuanggenling" in this paper. Growth regulator which registered as a foliar fertilizer or fertilization was called agricultural fertilizer "zhuanggenling" in this paper. The author investigate the usage of "zhuanggenling" in the root and rhizome of medicinal plants cultivation from 2012 to 2014 in Sichuan province, Huangyuan town, Mianyang (Ophiopogonis Radix); Pengzhou Aoping town (Chuanxiong Rhizoma); Pengshan Xiejia town (Alismatis Rhizoma); Jiangyou Taiping town and Zhangming town (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata); Yunnan Wenshan (Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma); Henan province, Wuzhidafeng Town (Rehmanniae Radix, Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, Dioscoreae Rhizoma); Gansu Min county (Codonopsis Radix, Angelicae Sinensis Radix); Gansu Li county (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma). The result showed that "zhuanggenling" were applied in the most medicinal plant cultivation except Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. It has been applied widespreadly in Ophiopogonis Radix, Alismatis Rhizoma, Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, Codonopsis Radix; Rehmanniae Radix, commonly in Angelicae Sinensis Radix application, and occasionally in Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Dioscoreae Rhizoma. In 53 collected sample from plantation areas, fifteen (28%) were pesticide "zhuanggenling", thirty-eight (72%) were pesticide "zhuanggenling". UPLC analysis results showed that 38 farmers fertilizer "zhuanggenling" content of 6 kinds of plant growth retardant. It is regarded that fertilizer "zhuanggenling" was dominant in medicinal plant cultivation, and that the plant growth retardant is added widespreadly in farm fertilizer "zhuanggenling". All evidence proves conclusively that "zhuanggenling" have been used in the proper way, whereas some others have been misused or even abused in the use regarding to type, number, use frequency. The root or rhizoma are increased to 20%-200%. But there is lack of evaluation to appraise the quality of medicinal materials from the aspects of research or industry. "zhuanggenling" has become a important Chemical control material besides fertilizer, insecticidal sterilization of pesticide
China ; Fertilizers ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plant Growth Regulators ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development

Objective:To study the mechanisms that acupuncture therapy of "Shuanggu Yitong" in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMO).Methods:60female SD rats aged 6 months were resected bilateral ovaries and feeded for 90 days in order to make the model of experimental osteoporosis.Then,they were divided into 5 groups such as control group,regular acupoints treated group,"Shuanggu" group,"Yitong" group,"Shuanggu Yitong" group,with 12 rats each group,and the control group without any treatment;Pishu(BL 20),Weishu(BL 21),Shenshu(BL 23),Qihaishu(BL 24) was selected for the regular acupoints treated group;Guanyuan(RN 4),Zusanli(ST 36) for the "Shuanggu" group;and Shenshu(BL 23),Geshu(BL 17),Dazhu(BL 11) for the "Yitong" group;Guanyuan(RN 4),Zusanli(ST 36),Shenshu(BL 23),Geshu(BL 17),Dazhu(BL 11)for the "Shuanggu Yitong" group.Electroacupuncture therapy was given once a day,15 minutes each time,the needles were retained for 10 minutes.Then these rats rested for 1 day after consecutive therapy for 6 days.The therapy lasted for 12 weeks.RT-PCR was used to examine the expression level of interleukin-6(IL-6)mRNA in bone tissue.Results:Compared with control group,the expression level of IL-6mRNA in all acupuncture therapy groups decreased(P0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture can reduce the expression level of IL-6mRNA in osteoporosis model rats without ovaries and "Shuanggu Yitong" acupuncture therapy is superior to other regular acupuncture therapy.

Objective To improve the key steps of direct volume rendering(DVR) method to obtain ideal semitransparent 3D visualization of medical images from 2D slices.Method An arbitrary data set was classified into a simple one and a complex one according to the boundaries existing within the data set,thereby a piecewise linear function was used to construct the transfer function(TF).Low-grayed voxels were regarded as a kind of material which did not radiate but do induce attenuation of sampling lights.The TF was adjusted according to the opacity distribution when one resampling process ends,and the rendering procedure was completed.Result Interior structures of tissues in different levels were rendered.Conclusion Multi-level visualization of 3D medical images for the semitransparent effect can be obtained by considering all the tissues in the data set as semitransparent materials.

Actins ; metabolism ; Adult ; Amputation ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Bone Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Calmodulin-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Radiography ; Tibia ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery

Nine compounds were isolated from the n-butanol fraction of 95% ethanol extract of the fruit of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. with a combination of various chromatographic approaches, including MDS resin, silica gel, reverse phase C18 and preparative HPLC. On the basis of spectroscopic data analysis, they were elucidated as (1R, 4R, 10R)-1β, 4α-dihydroxy-11, 12, 13-trinor-5, 6-eudesmen-7-one (1), 1β, 4β-dihydroxy-11, 12, 13-trinor-8, 9-eudesmen-7-one (2), oxyphyllenone A (3), oxyphyllenone B (4), rhamnocitrin (5), staphylionoside D (6), benzyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1S)-phenylethylene glycol (8), and (S)-1-phenylethyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (9). Among them, compound 1 is a new sesquiterpene, named as oxyphyllenone C; compounds 8 and 9 are new natural products; compounds 2 and 6 were isolated from the genus Alpinia for the first time, and compound 7 was isolated from A. oxyphylla for the first time.
1-Butanol ; Alpinia ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Phytochemicals ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Objective:To explore a rapid and cost-effective method for identification of Candida gla-brata through the comparison of two different methods , using molecular methods of sequencing as gold standard.Methods:From our clinic, 200 strains of suspected Candida glabrata were collected during the last 3 years and selected after incubation in CHROMagar Candida medium for 48 h.By comparing the results of the CHROMagar Candida medium, the identification of the rapid trehalose test for different kinds of strains were analyzed under incubation in the tubes for 3 h, 6 h, and 24 h at 37 ℃and 42 ℃, respectively .All the strains were identified to species level by methods of sequencing .The optimal time and temperature of the trehalose test for the identification of Candida glabrata were assessed .Two different methods, CHROMagar Candida medium and the rapid trehalose test , in identification of Candi-da glabrata were compared.Results:In all the 200 strains, Candida glabrata ferment trehalose with 3 h incubation under 42 ℃ were the optimal time and temperature for fermenting trehalose .The accuracy , sensitivity, and specificity of the rapid trehalose test were 99.00% (198/200), 98.66% (147/149) and 100.00%(51/51).The accuracy rate of CHROMagar Candida medium was 79.50%(159/200), the sensitivity and specificity were only 89.93%(134/149) and 49.02%(25/51), however, compared with the domestic current popular methods , the rapid trehalose test had better time efficiency ratio .Con-clusion:The evaluation results suggest that the rapid trehalose test has advantages in terms of operational convenience and low cost , and the results can be obtained in 3 h.Therefore, it has application value in clinical laboratory .

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of CO2 laser microsurgery for early glottis carcinoma.Methods The data of 96 cases of early glottic laryngeal carcinoma treated with CO2 laser microsurgery were retrospectively analyzed.Surgical specimens were conventionally embedded with paraffin and serially sectioned.Sections were stained by using hematoxylin-eosin for pathologic examination.The local control rate was observed after operation.Results Among the 96 specimens,88 surgical margins were negative and 8 were positive.10 patients (10.4 ％) recurrenced followed up for 3 years.The recurrence rates of Tis,T1a,T1b and T2 were 0 (0/10),4.1％ (2/48),25.0 ％ (4/16) and 18.1％ (4/22),respectively,with significant differences among groups (X2 =6.105,P ＜ 0.05).All of 8 cases with positive margin and 2 cases with negative margin were recurrened.The recurrent rate of patients with involvement of the anterior commissure was 30.0 ％ (6/20),which was higher than that of patients with no tumor invasion [5.3 ％ (4/76)] (X2 =9.624,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The safe edges can be obtained by CO2 laser microsurgery for early stage of glottis carcinoma,which have advantages in local control rate,vocal function of the larynx and curative effect.

SW872 preadipocytes were cultured and induced to differentiate by oleic acid in vitro.The levels of adiponectin and its receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) mRNA were measured by semiquantitative RT- PCR.The concentration of adiponectin in the culture medium was assayed by ELISA.The results showed that rhIL- 6 could inhibit adiponectin,AdipoR1 mRNA expressions and adiponectin secretion in SW872 adipocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner,but did not influence adipoR2 mRNA expression.

To study the pharmacokinetics characteristic of loganin, ferulic acid and stilbene glucoside in rat plasma after oral administration of Bushen Tongluo formula. The plasma samples were treated by using liquid-liquid extraction technique, the concentrations were determined by HPLC-UV. Johnson spherigel C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) was adopted and eluted with the of mobile phase of methanol-water containing 0.01% glacial acetic acid in a gradient mode, with the flow rate at 1.0 mL x min(-1), column temperature at 30 degrees C and injection volume of 10 μL. According to the findings, loganin was determined at 235 nm, ferulic acid and stilbene glucoside were determined at 320 nm, with the sample size of 10 μL. The pharmacokinetic parameters of loganin, ferulic acid and stilbene glucoside were calculated by DAS 2. 0 software as follows: C(max) was (0.369 ± 0.042), (0.387 ± 0.071), (0.233 ± 0.044) mg x L(-1); t(max) was (0.226 ± 0.022), (0.282 ± 0.031), (0.233 ± 0.044) h; t(½β) was (6.89 ± 0.20), (10.73 ± 0.11), (6.93 ± 0.09) h; AUC(0-∞) was (1.91 ± 0.36), (3.22 ± 0.52), (1.52 ± 0.33) mg x h x L(-1); AUCO(0-t) was (1.62 ± 0.33), (2.58 ± 0.43), (1.30 ± 0.30) mg x h x L(-1); CL was (20.2 ± 4.0), (1.39 ± 0.23), (31.7 ± 6.9) L x h(-1) x kg(-1), respectively. The results showed that after the oral administration with Bushen Tongluo formula, loganin, ferulic acid and stilbene glucoside showed concentration-time curves in conformity with the two compartment model, with a rapid absorption, loganin and stilbene glucoside was excreted at a moderate speed, and ferulic acid was excreted slowly (but with the highest bioavailability). Bushen Tongluo formula can main maintain plasma concentration with three administrations everyday and so is suitable to be made into common oral preparation.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Biological Availability ; Coumaric Acids ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Glucosides ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Iridoids ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stilbenes ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics