Objective We summarized the clinical experience of modified ileal ureter substitution for treating long segment ureteral defection.Methods We retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 2 patients with long segment ureteral defect who treated with Yang-Monti ileal ureter substitution between March 2015 and November 2015.One 75 years old male patient was diagnosed as upper ureteral malignance and solitary kidney.The length of defection from renal pelvis to bladder was 22 em.His serum creatinine was 100 μmol/L,blood urea nitrogen was 5.7 mmol/L,serum chloride was 98 mmol/L.Another one 41 years old female patient was diagnosed as middle and lower ureteral iatrogenic injury.The traumatic length was 15 cm.Her serum creatinine was 70 μmol/L,blood urea nitrogen was 5.1 mmol/L,serum chloride was 100 mmol/L.they were both treated by Yang-Monti ileal ureter substitution.The ileal intestinal segment was used for the ureteral replacement,which were more than 15 cm to the ilealcecum.The length of intestine was 10.0 cm and 7.5 cm,respectively.The ileal mesentery was preserved.After closing the mesangial hiatus,the ileal segment was pull into the retroperitoneal space and pulling out via descending colonic mesangial window.The ileal segment was divided into three parts,which was 2.5 to 3.0 cm in each part.Each part was opened via long axis and then rotated 90 degree.The 4-0 absorable suture was used to suture the edge of each intestinal part continuously.The sutured intestine was re-tubularized,using 4-0 absorable suture and the F16 catheter was used as the tube model.The length of reconstructed ureter was 22 cm and 18 cm,respectively.The neo-ureter was re-anastomosed with renal pelvis and bladder wall.Two F6 double J stents were placed in the neo-ureter.Results The operative time was 160 min and blood loss was 200 ml in the first case.In the second case,the operative time was 180 min and blood loss was 220 ml.No significant complications were noticed intra-operation and post-operation.Six months after operation,the male patient's serum creatinine was 112 pmol/L,blood urea nitrogen was 6.1 mmol/L,serum chloride was 106.0 mmol/L and electrolytes were normal.In another patient,serum creatinine was 79 μmol/L,blood urea nitrogen was 5.9 mmol/L and serum chloride was 103.0 mmol/L.The GFR was 24.9 ml/min and 22.1 m]/min 3 and 6 months after operation,respectively.Ureteral obstruction wasn't detected on IVU images 3 months after operation.Conclusions For patient with long ureteral defect,which cannot be replaced by other urinary tissue,YangMonti ileal ureter substitution is one of the optional modalities.As a new technique of ureteral substitution,Yang-Monti ileal ureter substitution is simple and fewer complications and can improve the quality of life in patient compared with traditional ureteral substitution.

Bridged-Ring Compounds ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Poisoning ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

As a kind of commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, ginseng has a high reputation at home and abroad. The research of ginseng has been expanded to medicine, pharmacy, biology, food science and other fields, with great achievements in recent years. Ginseng contains ginsenosides, volatile oil, carbohydrates, amino acids, polypeptides, inorganic elements and othser chemical constituents. Each component has extensive physiological activity, and is the base of ginseng's effect. After processing, the complicated changes are taken place in the constituents of ginseng, and some new substances produced. This paper aims to review the studies on chemical constituents and their mechanisms during ginseng processing, and the ideas, methods and the direction of the development of traditional Chinese medicine processing in the future.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

The evidence and the feature of apoptosis following tyrauma brain injury(TBI) and the possible mechanisms underlying apoptosis were reviewed. Recently research showed that apoptosis play an important role in TBI, the occurring time and area of apoptosis were found significant differences compared with that of necrosis. The neural cell apoptosis can undergo following many pathways after TBI. In our review, the foreground of apoptosis after TBI research in forensic pathology were also discussed.
Animals ; Apoptosis/physiology* ; Brain Injuries/pathology* ; Forensic Medicine ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Neurons/pathology*

The primary processing is important links and closely related to the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and is not only cleaning of remove the non-officinal parts, drying for termination the physiological status of organisms, but also retaining the most active substances, decreasing the toxic components, and promoting the transformation among chemical ingredients through primary processing. So the traditional primary processing endows with characters, quality, specifications and properties of traditional Chinese medicine, and embodies some important science truth. The traditional primary processing method and technology systems are derived from the long-term practices and experiences, which are distinctive, colorful, diverse, and scientific, which are helpful to development and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine resources. This paper systemically expounds the research status of the Chinese medicine processing method, summarizes the problems in the primary processing of traditional Chinese medicinal materials research, and prospects its bright future.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; trends ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Background Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is an important cause of visual impairment and graft rejection after allograft corneal transplantation in inflammatory corneal diseases. The mechanisms and therapy relating to CNV are intensely investigated at all times. Objective This study was to evaluate the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on CNV induced by alkali cauterization and its mechanism. Methods The animal models of corneal neovasculation were induced in the right eyes in 72 Sprayue-Dawley rats by putting a piece of 3 mmfilter paper with 1 mol/L NaOH at the center of the cornea for 30 seconds. The rats were then divided randomly into the 0.02 mg EPA treatment group (24 rats) ,0.03 mg EPA treatment group (24 rats) ,model group (24 rats) and normal group (6 rats). EPA of 0.04 ml with doses of 0.02 mg or 0. 03 mg or saline solution of 0. 04 ml was injected subconjunctivally in model rats and immediately after cauterization. The presence of CNV and corneal edema were observed daily by slit lamp biomicroscope. 1,4,7 and 14 days after operation, corneal histopathological examination was performed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The vascular endothelial cells were stained with CD34 by immunohistochemistry,and the expression of IL-1α,IL-6 mRNA and the nuclear factor-κBp65 ( NF-κBp65 ) proteins was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. The use of animals complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by Hebei Province( version 1998 ). Results Under the slit lamp, CNV grew slowly from days 2-4 with obvious corneal edema and defect of epithelium. Larger CNV area and less edema were seen from days 7-10. Maximal vessel growth was observed 14 days after injury with thinner vessels in the model group. Histological examination showed that part of the corneal epithelium was damaged;serious corneal edema, more inflammatory cells and a lot of CNV in the stroma were presented in the model group. However, repairing of the corneal epithelium without CNV ,light corneal edema and less inflammatory cells were found in both the 0. 02 mg EPA and 0. 03 mg EPA treatment groups 7 days after alkali cauterization. The relative area of CNV in the 0. 02 mg EPA treatment group was ( 15.80±6.43 )% and ( 11.06±2. 14)% ,and that in the 0. 03 mg EPA treatment group was (16. 10±7.41 )% and (11.06±2. 51 )%, showing significant reduction in comparison with the model group [ (84. 74±7.77)% and (89.63±7.50) % ] 7 days and 14 days after operation ( P＜0. 05 ). Stronger expression of CD34 in the vascular endothelial cells of the cornea stroma was observed in the model group and an absence of CD34 was observed in the EPA-treated groups on the 7th day. RT-PCR revealed that the expression of IL-1α mRNA and IL-6 mRNA was lower in the EPA treatment groups than the model group ( P＜0. 05 ), and Western blot analysis showed that the expression of NF-κB/p65 in the corneas in the EPA treatment groups was significantly lower than that in the model group on the 4th day after operation (P＜0.05).Conclusion Topical application of EPA suppresses CNV induced by alkali burn possibly by inhibiting the expression of NF-κB,IL-1α and IL-6.

Objective: To observe the effects of microwave on the activity of SOD and the contents of MDA in renal cortex and testis of mice. Methods: Microwave generator(2 450 MHz, 10 mW/cm2) was used to expose mice; NBT,DTNB and TBA were used to mearure the activity of SOD and the contents of MDA in renal cortex and testis of the mice after microwave exposure.Results: The content of MDA in renal cortex and testis of the mice increased progressively on days 1,6,12 and reached the highest level on day 24 after the microwave exposure (P<0.01). The activity of SOD in renal cortex and testis of the mice decreased progressively on days 1, 6, 12 and reached the lowest level on day 24 after the microwave exposure (P<0.01). Conclusions: Microwave exposure can produce reactive oxygen free radicals and lead to depress SOD activity.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Hepatitis, Autoimmune ; diagnosis ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between the exons 2 to 4 of the MICA gene and ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

METHODSBy PCR-SSOP, DNA samples from 56 AS patients and 112 random healthy individuals, as normal control were genotyped to analyse the polymorphism in exons 2, 3, 4 of the MICA alleles.

RESULTSMICA*008 was dominant in MICA allele,accounted for 32.14% and 30.36% in AS patients and normal controls respectively. The frequency of MICA*007 was significantly increased in AS patients, when compared with normal controls (chi-square=10.18, P<0.05, RR=2.50). No difference was found in the other MICA alleles. The haplotype analysis revealed that there were the strong linkage disequilibrium between MICA and HLA-B of AS patients, and normal controls. There was a difference in MICA*007-B27 between two groups (chi-square=18.46, P<0.05, RR=7.47). Both HLA-B27 and MICA*007 were strongly associated with AS. Stratified analysis showed that HLA-B27 was significantly relative to AS,while it was not found between MICA*007 and AS.

CONCLUSIONThe increased frequency of MICA alleles may be due to its strong linkage disequilibrium with HLA-B27.

Alleles ; Exons ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; HLA-B Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-B27 Antigen ; genetics ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; genetics ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the inhibitory effects of celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, on the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

METHODSThe in vitro inhibitory effects of celecoxib at different concentrations and for different treatment time lengths on human liver cancer cell line SMMC-7,721 were observed with MTT assay, and flow cytometry was performed to detect the cell cycle changes. The in vivo tumor inhibition effect of celecoxib was evaluated in Kunming mice bearing transplanted tumor derived from liver cancer cell line H22 transplantation.

RESULTCelecoxib significantly inhibited the in vitro growth of human liver cancer cell line SMMC-7721 in a time- and dose-dependent manner. A 36-hour celecoxib treatment (40 micromol/L) resulted in decreased SMMC-7721 cell proliferation and an increase of the cell percentage in G1 phase from 44.7% to 49.9% with decreased cell percentage in S and G(2)/M phases from 55.4% to 50.1%. In the mice bearing H22 transplanted tumor, celecoxib showed significant inhibitory effect on the growth and local metastasis of the transplanted tumor.

CONCLUSIONCelecoxib can inhibit the proliferation of different liver cancer cell lines both in vitro and in vivo, and therefore may serve as an important candidate drug for prevention and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Celecoxib ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Mice ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Pyrazoles ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Sulfonamides ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use