Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Charcoal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Enema ; Female ; Gastric Lavage ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the distribution of the common pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance in urinary tract infection for clinical reference of rational use of antibacterials. METHODS:The medical records of patients hospitalized in urinary surgery in our hospital from Jan. to Oct. in 2008 were retrospectively collected for analyses of the results of mid-stream urine culture and antibiotic resistance,meanwhile,the current utilization of antibacterials in urinary surgery was analyzed. RESULTS:Gram negative bacilli were the major pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infection(61.82%),of which,escherichia coli represented 58.82%,and the resistant rates of the gram negative bacilli to imipenem,amikacin,cefoperazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam were 8.82%,8.82%,11.76% and 11.76%,respectively. CONCLUSION:The antibiotics should be used rationally according to the result of susceptibility test in treating patients with urinary tract infection.

To investigate the relationship between serum glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GAD-Ab)titer and the first-phase insulin release (1PH)in newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. 1053 newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were divided into 3 groups, including 71 individuals with GAD-Ab≥1 U/ml (positive group), 171 individuals with GAD-Ab ranging from 0 to 1 U/ml (negative-1 group), and 811 individuals with GAD-Ab=0 (negative-2 group). IPH was evaluated by arginine stimulation test. In the patients of negative-2, negative-1, and positive groups, the respective values of 1 PH were subsequently decreased significantly (P< 0. 01) , and the detection rates of the decreased insulin secretion were 74. 85%, 87. 13%, and 100%, respectively. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that disease duration, GAD-Ab titer, HbA_1C, and body mass index were the major independent contributing factors. The titer of GAD-Ab has an important impact on 1PH defect in type 2 diabetic patient. Detection of GAD-Ab not only provides an evidence for clinical type, but would also be helpful in determining the islet β-cell function.

Objective To improve the knowledge and diagnostic ability of imagiology on neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) computed radiograph(CR).Methods The doubtful patients were done to photographs bedside using the high resolution imaging plate, 50 cases of newborn with NRDS were selected whose clinical diagnosed clearly and had been treated and had the complete CR image documents.The CR change and clinical characteristics were observed dynamically.Results Nine of 50 cases were combined with aspirated pneumonia,8 cases with infective pneumonia,3 cases with intra-alveolar hemorrage,and 2 cases with pneumothorax.Accoding to X-ray manifestations,all cases were divided into four stages:Ⅰ stage(n=5), Ⅱ stage(n=20),Ⅲ stage(n=22),Ⅳstage(n=3).Typical CR signs included:the pulmonary lucency decreasd,wide-ranging net and grain shadowes of high density, and in companing with a lot of air brunchus sing.Conclusions Computed radiography is the most important imaging method in diagnosis of NRDS bedside ,and shall be improved the ability of diagnosis and differential of NRDS combined with the clinic.

ObjeclJve To definine the corresponding value to glycated albumin(GA)for a specific target of HbAlc,and to elvaluate the relationship between GA and HbA1c.Methods From Oct.2006 TO Apr.2009, 2 532 subjects were enrolled who accepted oral glucose tolerance test(OGtt)in out-patient department,including 898 with normal glucose regulation,695 with impaired glucose regulation,and 939 with newly-diagnosed diabetes.GA was measured with liquid enzymatic method.HbA1c was measured with high performance liquid chromatography method.The plasma glucose was measured at fasting,0.5 h,1 h,2 h,and 3h after glucose load.The correlation among GA,HbA1c and the other parameters monitored was analyzed.Results (1)The levels of HbA1c and GA in 2 532 subjects were(6.3±1.1)% and(17.9±4.5)%.The ratio of GA/HbA1c was 2.85±0.51.(2)HbAlc and GA were positively correlated with fasting,0.5 h,1 h,2 h and 3 h plasma glucose(r was in 0.567-0.776,atl P<0.01).(3)GA was significantly correlated with HbA1c(r=0.701,P<0.01).Linear regression analysis,using GA and HbA1c summarized by patient(n=2 532),produced a relationship of GA=2.871×HbA1c-0.112.The change in GA per increase of 1% HbA1c was 2.87%.When HbA1c level was 6.5%,the expected value of GA was 18.5%.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,and accuracy with GA≤18.5% to predict HbA1c≤6.5% were 82.32%,72.49%,86.48%.65.73%,and 79.19%,respectively.When HbA1c level was 7.0%,the expected value of GA was 20.O%.When HbA1c level was 7.5%.the expected value of GA was 21.4%.Conclusions We initially establish the corresponding value to GA for a specific target of HbA1c and provide the basis for clinical application.

AIM: To study the effects of norepinephrine preconditioning(NE-P) and ischemic preconditioning (IP)on apoptosis and Bcl-2, Bax expression in rat myocardial cells in myocardial ischemic reperfusion (I/R). METHODS: The model of rat ischemic-reperfusion was used to conduct NE-preconditioning. Apoptotic myocytes were detected with TUNEL. Bcl-2, Bax expression were detected with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The rate of apoptosis cells in I/R group was higher, the rate of apoptosis cells in NE-P group and IP was lower significantly than that in I/R group( P0.05). CONCLUSION: NE-P reduced myocyte apoptosis by I/R in rats; The expression of Bcl-2 ,Bax genes played an important role in myocardial apoptosis.

Objective To evaluate the high?risk factors for brain metastases after prophylactic cranial irradiation ( PCI), and to provide a basis for personalized treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 188 patients with limited?stage small?cell lung cancer who received PCI in our hospital from 2005 to 2010. The Kaplan?Meier method was used to calculate the cumulative rate of brain metastases. The log?rank test and the Cox model were used for the univariate and multivariate analyses of the potential factors for the cumulative incidence of brain metastases, respectively. Results In the 188 patients, 31 ( 16?5%) had brain metastases. The 1?, 2?, and 3?year cumulative incidence rates of brain metastases were 4%, 15%, and 20%, respectively. The univariate analysis showed that staged Ⅲ disease before treatment, elevated levels of tumor markers, incomplete remission after chemoradiotherapy, and local?regional relapse were risk factors for high incidence of brain metastases ( P= 0?044, 0?037, 0?005, 0?007) . The multivariate analysis revealed that incomplete remission after chemoradiotherapy and local?regional relapse after chemoradiotherapy were risk factors for high incidence of brain metastases after PCI ( P= 0?003, 0?040 ) . Conclusions Patients with incomplete remission or local?regional relapse after chemoradiotherapy have high incidence of brain metastases after PCI. For those patients, a frequent follow?up of the central nervous system plus salvage cranial irradiation might provide an alternative to PCI.

ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effectiveness of low-power laser on myofascial pain syndrome. Methods73 self-controlled patients with myofascial pain syndrome were irradiated on myofascial trigger points with Nd:YAG laser in wavelength 830nm, power 500mW, 20 minutes per day for 5 times. At pre-and post-treatment,pain intensity and pressure pain of myofascial trigger points were checked. ResultsAfter treatment, score of pain intensity was reduced signficantly from (7.24±2.41) to (2.21±1.22) (P<0.001). The pressure pain of myofascial trigger points were improved . Conclusions Low-power laser can reduce the pain intensity and increase the pressure pain threshold of myoficial trigger points.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects (VSD) in children following transthoracic echocardiography (TTE).

METHODSFrom September 2002 to December 2005, eighty-nine children (47 males and 42 females) with perimembranous (VSD) underwent an attempt of transcatheter interventional occlusion. Among the 89 children, one of them was diagnosed with patent ductus arterious (PDA) and six with VSD leakage after the surgical repair (three with leakage after the surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot and three with leakage after the surgical repair of VSD). The mean age of patients was (6.4 +/- 3.9) years (ranged from 1 to 18 years). The mean body weight of patients was (22 +/- 11 )kg (ranged from 9 to 78 kg). The mean diameter of VSD measured by TTE was (4.3 +/- 1.5) mm(ranged from 2 to 8.5mm). The path of artery to vein was established following X-rays and TTE. Occluder was released through the right heart system. All patients were followed up in 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after procedure of TTE, X-ray and electrocardiography.

RESULTThe devices were deployed successfully in 85 patients, the rate of success was 95.5%. No death occurred during and after the procedure. There was trivial residual shunt in 12 patients immediately after the closure by TTE and angiography. Twenty-four hours later, only 3 patients had trivial residual and no shunt existed after 6 months follow-up. Convulsion occurred in 1 case due to serious cardiac arrhythmias. Hemolysis was found in 2 cases. Other complications included 2 cases of complete left bundle branch block, 1 cases of left anterior fascicular block and 3 cases of incomplete right bundle branch block. They recovered after 3 to 7 days of corticosteroid treatment. After 1 to 36 months (mean 9 months) follow-up, none of occluders displacement occurred and no valve was involved.

CONCLUSIONTranscatheter closure of membranous VSD using occluder would be safe and effective for children, and the results of short-term was satisfied. Transcatheter closure of VSD following TTE is a feasible method. TTE has the potential benefit of avoiding general anesthesia and esophageal intubation in children.

Adolescent ; Cardiac Catheterization ; methods ; Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Prostheses and Implants ; Prosthesis Implantation ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography, Interventional

BACKGROUND:Recently,tissue-engineered biomaterials for annulus fibrosus repair in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration have aroused wide attentions.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the research progress in biomaterials for the repair of annulus fibrosus in intervertebral disc tissue engineering.METHODS:PubMed database (1991-2017) was retrieved by the first author with the key words of "intervertebral disc,annulus fibrosus,material,scaffold" to search relevant articles about the use of biomaterials in annulus fibrosus repair.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Biomaterials play important roles in annulus fibrosus repair,which mainly function to recover the physical structure and mechanical function of the annulus fibrosus by promoting extracellular matrix secretion and tissue regeneration.Current materials mainly used for the repair of annulus fibrosus include natural materials,polymer materials,and biomaterials.Natural materials have good biocompatibility,biodegradability and no cytotoxicity,but their mechanical strength is poor.Polymer materials which overcome the lack of mechanical strength have repeatability,controllability,no immunogenicity,and are easy to be processed,but they have poor biocompatibility and cell affinity,as compared with the natural materials.Therefore,the selection of composite materials by integrating the advantages of different materials becomes the main trend in the annulus fibrosus repair.