Objective To explore the application of DNA barcode technology in identification of ethnic medicine Salvia yunnanensis and its related species, so as to provide reference for identification of S. yunnanensis. Methods A DNA barcode database of S. yunnanensis and its adulterants was successfully constructed. Data were analyzed by aligning sequences, analyzing variation sites, calculating genetic distances, and establishing Neighbor-Joining trees. The database was used to identify 45 S. yunnanensis decoction piece samples purchased from drug stores. Results The results showed that the ITS2 barcodes can be used to identify S. yunnanensis and its adulterants. Conclusion The use of DNA barcoding for market supervision can broaden the application of this technology and provide an excellent inspection method for the supervisory institutions. This study substantially contributes to the protection of public health worldwide.

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical efficacy of Yiguanjian Decoction (YD) combined Adefovir Dipivoxil Tablet (ADT) in treating HBeAg negative chronic viral hepatitis B (CVHB) active compensated liver cirrhosis (LC) patients.

METHODSTotally 68 HBeAg negative CVHB active compensated LC patients initially treated were assigned to the treatment group and the control group using random digit table, 34 in each group. Patients in the control group took ADT alone, 10 mg each time, once per day. Those in the treatment group additionally took YD, one dose per day. The therapeutic course for all was 48 weeks. Levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBil) were detected once in every two weeks. Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA and four items of serum liver fibrosis [procollagen type I (PCN), hyaluronidase (HA), procollagen III peptide (PCIII), laminin (LN)] were detected once per every 4 weeks. Abdominal ultrasound B was performed before and after treatment. The inner diameter of the portal vein and the size of spleen were recorded. The fibrosis degree of liver was evaluated using Fibroscan. Efficacy of Chinese medicine (CM) was evaluated between the two groups before and after treatment using CM syndrome integrals. Efficacy of Western medicine (WM) was also evaluated between the two groups using Child-Pugh grading. Results Compared with before treatment in the same group, ALT and AST levels restored to normal levels, HBV-DNA turned negative (HBV-DNA < or = 1 x 10(2)) in the two groups after 48-week treatment. Besides, levels of TBil, ALB, PCIV, HA, PCIII, and LN obviously decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Results of ultrasound B showed the inner diameter of the portal vein and the size of spleen decreased. Fibroscan results showed that the elasticity value of the liver obviously decreased (P < 0.05). Besides, post-treatment levels of PCIV, HA, PCEJ, and LN, and the elasticity value of the liver decreased more obviously in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference in post-treatment levels of ALT, AST, TBil, ALB, inner diameter of the portal vein, or the size of spleen between the two groups (P > 0.05). Compared with before treatment in the same group, scores of Chinese medical syndrome and Child-Pugh scores decreased in the two groups after treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Besides, scores of Chinese medical syndrome decreased more obviously in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The effective rate was 8824% (30/34) in the treatment group, higher than that of the control group [67.65% (23/34)] with statistical difference (P <0.05). Conclusion Combined treatment of YD and ADT could significantly improve symptoms of CM and fibrosis degree of liver of HBeAg negative CVHB active compensated LC patients.

Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Bilirubin ; blood ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; virology ; Organophosphonates ; therapeutic use ; Tablets

OBJECTIVETo provide a reference for the development and utilization of Dai medicine by investigate the present situation and existing problems of traditional Dai medicine.

METHODCombined with the previous relevant investigations and literature in the field, the key and the development direction of traditional Dai medicine were analyzed.

RESULTThe textual research, history, species, distribution, endangered resources, protection status etc. were elaborated and the key strategy of further investigation was expounded.

CONCLUSIONDai medicine resources should strengthen the basic research, such as the protection of traditional knowledge, the textual research, quality standard, chemical composition, biological activity, exploration of medicinal resources, especially monographic study on protection of major endangered medicinal resources should be intensified, which will be rise the level of development and utilization of Dai medicine resources.

China ; ethnology ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; history ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; history ; pharmacology ; History, 20th Century ; History, Ancient ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development

0.05); the levels of LL, LI, RRS in CBA group and CBA+IBT group were significantly lower than those in control group(P

Objective To evaluate the effects of rebuilding stove and health education on preventing coal-burning fluorosis and arsenic poisoning in Shaanxi in 2005.Methods According to "Scheme of Impmving Stove in Preventing Coal-burning Fluorosis and Arsenic Poisoning of Shaanxi in 2005",the initial meeting was convened,while liability contracts were signed,leading and technical guiding groups were established,professional training was carried out.On the basis of the epidemiologic data,stoves were improved in 7 chosen counties in Ankang and Hanzhong City where the health education in several modalities was carried out.The project was checked and accepted when the work was completed.Thirty children in fourth grade were randomly selected in one primary school of each county.Fifleen adults aged 16 years old were chosen randomly in each village in each country.They were asked to answer the questionnaire about the health knowledge.Results There were 955 322 stoves improved in 7 countries in Ankang and Hanzhong City accounting for rebuilding stove was 100%(95 322/95 314).The awareness rates of health knowledge were 88%(444/508)in the adults and 100%(210/210)in children.Conclusions The government mangement leadership,the cooperation between the related departments, the participation of residents and the assufance of fund are the essentials in long lasting control of endemic diseases.

The paper reports the establishment of a method for simultaneous determination of peimisine and sipeimine contents in Fritillaria walujewii Regel and Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk. The analyses were performed on an ultra-performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection (UPLC-ELSD), equipped with a binary solvent manager, a sampler manager and a column compartment, and connected to Waters Empower 2 software. An Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (100 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.7 microm) was used for all analysis. The investigated compounds were separated with gradient mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.02% triethylamine-water. The temperature of sample manager was set at 25 degrees C. Drift tube temperature was 40 degrees C, and spray parameter was 40% with injection volume of 1 microL. The investigated compounds including peimisine and sipeimine had good linearity (r > or = 0.9991) over the tested ranges. The average recovery was 94.5% and 98.1% with RSD < or = 2.36%. The UPLC-ELSD method is simple, sensitive and accurate with good repeatability, which is available for quality control of F. walujewii Regel and F. pallidiflora Schrenk.
Alkaloids ; analysis ; Cevanes ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Fritillaria ; chemistry ; Light ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results ; Scattering, Radiation

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between Transitional CK19 positive cells and hepatic precancerous lesion in chronic hepatitis B patients.

METHODSWe observed the expression of CK19 in liver tissue of chronic hepatitis B patients by LSAB immunohistochemical staining, and examined serum AFP and ultrasonography one time per 3 months for one year.

RESULTSWe observed a population of CK19 positive cells-with size and structure between those of human oval cells and mature hepatocytes-that usually occurred along with oval-cell proliferation. It was suggested that these transitional cells may partly account for the elevation of serum AFP. One patient occurred hepatic carcinoma, another patient had low-echogenic nodules in liver parenchyma within the 1 year follow-up period.

CONCLUSIONTransitional CK19 positive cells could be regarded as a new possible pathological marker of hepatic precancerous lesion.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Female ; Humans ; Keratins ; analysis ; Liver Neoplasms ; chemistry ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Precancerous Conditions ; chemistry ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the anti-fibrotic effects of Qishen Yiqi Dropping Pills (QYDP) in rats with liver fibrosis (LF).

METHODSThe LF model was induced by intraperitoneal injection with dimethylnitrosamine (DMN). Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into the normal group, the model group A, the QYDP intervened group , the model group B , and the QYDP treated group B. The degree of LF was evaluated according to 6-phase grading method. The expressions of collagen type I and III and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in liver tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry and the levels of collagen type I and III and TIMP-1 mRNA determined by semi-quantitive RT-PCR.

RESULTSCompared with the model group A and B, the degree of LF, the positive expressions of TIMP-1 mRNA and the content of collagen type I and III in liver tissue in the QYDP intervened and treated groups were significantly lower.

CONCLUSIONQYDP could reduce the pathological changes and degree of LF in rats, which may be partially through inhibiting the expressions of collagen type I and III and TIMP-1.

Animals ; Collagen Type I ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Collagen Type III ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Immunohistochemistry ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental ; drug therapy ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of HKL-4 on physiological changes during growth of leaves.

METHODUsing licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) as material, the effects of HKL-4 on active oxygen metabolism and photochemical efficiency in licorice leaf were determined under field condition.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe contents of chlorophyll, activity of SOD and CAT increased, while the MDA contents in leaves decreased. The senescence was delayed, so that the photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) was increasing comparing to the control.

Catalase ; metabolism ; Chlorophyll ; metabolism ; Glycyrrhiza ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Photosynthesis ; Plant Growth Regulators ; pharmacology ; Plant Leaves ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of daily low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUs) therapy on improving the enchondral bone formation in lumbar fusion in rabbit models, and to explore its possible mechanism. METHODS: Posterolateral noninstrumented bilateral fusions were performed at the L5 approximately L6 levels in 20 New Zealand rabbits. The autograft iliac bone was implanted on the left side, and the hydroxyapatite bioceramic artificial bone on the right. The rabbits were divided into a treatment group and a control group randomly. One week after the surgery, LIUPs was administered for 20 minutes per day for 4 weeks over the fusion site in the treatment group and false treatment was used in the control group. Post-anterior X-ray photographs were taken to determine the conditions of fusion area, and then, rabbits were killed and the fusion tissues were obtained. Chondrocytes were detected by histological and cytological methods. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the fusion rate of the treatment group was significantly up-regulated (P<0.05). There was plenty bone trabecula in the fusion area in the treatment group, the number of chondrocytes was also higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), and there was no statistical difference in the number of chondrocytes between the iliac and artificial bone tissues after the treatment(P>0.05). CONCLUSION Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy improves the endochondral bone formation in the lumbar spine fusion in rabbit models.
Animals ; Chondrocytes ; cytology ; Durapatite ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Ilium ; transplantation ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Osteogenesis ; radiation effects ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Ultrasonic Therapy ; methods