To study the pharmacokinetics characteristic of loganin, ferulic acid and stilbene glucoside in rat plasma after oral administration of Bushen Tongluo formula. The plasma samples were treated by using liquid-liquid extraction technique, the concentrations were determined by HPLC-UV. Johnson spherigel C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) was adopted and eluted with the of mobile phase of methanol-water containing 0.01% glacial acetic acid in a gradient mode, with the flow rate at 1.0 mL x min(-1), column temperature at 30 degrees C and injection volume of 10 μL. According to the findings, loganin was determined at 235 nm, ferulic acid and stilbene glucoside were determined at 320 nm, with the sample size of 10 μL. The pharmacokinetic parameters of loganin, ferulic acid and stilbene glucoside were calculated by DAS 2. 0 software as follows: C(max) was (0.369 ± 0.042), (0.387 ± 0.071), (0.233 ± 0.044) mg x L(-1); t(max) was (0.226 ± 0.022), (0.282 ± 0.031), (0.233 ± 0.044) h; t(½β) was (6.89 ± 0.20), (10.73 ± 0.11), (6.93 ± 0.09) h; AUC(0-∞) was (1.91 ± 0.36), (3.22 ± 0.52), (1.52 ± 0.33) mg x h x L(-1); AUCO(0-t) was (1.62 ± 0.33), (2.58 ± 0.43), (1.30 ± 0.30) mg x h x L(-1); CL was (20.2 ± 4.0), (1.39 ± 0.23), (31.7 ± 6.9) L x h(-1) x kg(-1), respectively. The results showed that after the oral administration with Bushen Tongluo formula, loganin, ferulic acid and stilbene glucoside showed concentration-time curves in conformity with the two compartment model, with a rapid absorption, loganin and stilbene glucoside was excreted at a moderate speed, and ferulic acid was excreted slowly (but with the highest bioavailability). Bushen Tongluo formula can main maintain plasma concentration with three administrations everyday and so is suitable to be made into common oral preparation.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Biological Availability ; Coumaric Acids ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Glucosides ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Iridoids ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stilbenes ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics

Accidents, Occupational ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Arsenic Poisoning ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Water Pollution, Chemical

Objective To investigate the relationship and clinical significance of blood plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and Keshan Disease (KD). Methods Seventy KD patients and 30 healthy volunteers in endemic area were investigated with Doppler Echocardiography for the measurement of left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and the plasma BNP levels were determined with microparticle enzyme immunoassay. Results The BNP levels in plasma in KD patients [(444.61±102.31), (87.21±23.15)ng/L] were significantly higher than that of healthy volunteers [(34.91±15.21)ng/L],the differencesbeing statistical significant (q=39.74,5.82,P<0.01). The BNP levels in chronic KD patients were higher than that of latent KD patients (q=37.62,P<0.01). The plasma BNP levels in KD patients with LVEDD 60 nun [(928.80±134.27)ng/L] were significantly higher than those of patients with LVEDD 55～60 mm [(89.24±52.31)ng/L] and LVEDD<55 nun [(67.14±6.92)ng/L],the differencesbeing statistical significant (q=44.30,48.16, P<0.01), The plasma BNP levels in KD patients with LVEF<35%[(1654.21±421.35) ng/L] were significantly higher than those of patients with 35% ~ 50%[(421.54±112.32)ng/L] and50% [ (81.21±72.85 ng/L)], the differencesbeing statistical significant(q=24.91,72.66, P<0.01), The BNP levels in LVEF 35%～50% were higher than that of 50% (q=11.84,P<0.01). Conclusion The plasma BNP levels were important for the diagnosis, grouping, therapeutic effect and prognostic evaluation of KD.

Objective To develop a candidate reference method for the measurement of progesterone in human serum.Methods The serum sample is mixed with the internal standard [3,4-~(13)C_2] progesterone.After extraction with n-hexane and purified by a aqueous solution of 2-Hydroxypropyl-?- cyclodextrin (HP-?-CD),the serum progesterone and labeled progesterone are converted to the 3-enol heptafluorobutyrate and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with selected ion monitoring.The concentration of serum progesterone is calculated by bracketing method.Results The results gave coefficients of variation (CVs) of 0.69% to 2.12%.The analytical recoveries ranged from 98.3% to 100.1%.The results of measuring certified reference materials of serum progesterone are agree with the target value.Conclusion The procedure for measuring progesterone in serum is a highly accurate and precise method and may be used as a candidate reference method for serum progesterone assays.

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the risk factors and safety of carotid angioplasty and stenting(CAS) for extracranial carotid stenosis in elderly patients and summarize CAS on the indication of elderly patients and the prevention of complications.

METHODSThe population characteristics, clinical features and vascular data of 60 elderly patients (≥ 75 years) treated between June 2001 and December 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 57 male and 3 female. The median age of the patients was 78.8 years (range, 75 - 93 years ). The mean case history was 2.5 months with a range of 1 to 6 months. To summarize the prognosis of CAS according to the reduction of stenosis, NIHSS score, the incidence of early postoperative, 30 days adverse events and the follow-up status. Using χ(2) test as the statistical method.

RESULTSThe mean stenosis was reduced from 81% ± 17% preoperative to 18% ± 9% postoperative. NIHSS score was reduced from preoperative 22 ± 8 to postoperative 10 ± 4. The average follow-up period was 1.5 years (range from 3 months to 3 years), and the results showed no procedure-related death occurred. Ipsilateral stroke occurred in 1 case (1.7%) and restenosis (≥ 50%) occurred in 2 patients (3.3%). Diabetes (χ(2) = 23.96, P < 0.01)and cardiac insufficiency (χ(2) = 6.446, P < 0.05)had a respectively significant impact on the incidence of early postoperative complications.

CONCLUSIONSCAS can be effective in restoring carotid artery stenosis of elderly patients and preventing the occurrence of stroke. The elderly, diabetes, cardiac insufficiency are more likely to increase the postoperative risk of adverse events.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angioplasty ; methods ; Carotid Stenosis ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stents

OBJECTIVETo investigate and evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and stent placement (SP) in the treatment of left subclavian steal syndrome (SSS).

METHODSFrom January 2007 to December 2009, 32 patients with left SSS were selected and the digital subtracted angiography (DSA) were used to evaluate before PTA and SP. Anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy before and after interventional treatment were taken. Then the therapeutic effect was evaluated after the procedure immediately, in the third month and the sixth month post-operatively by transcranial doppler sonography (TCD).

RESULTSDSA was used to evaluate therapeutic effect after PTA and SP, the stenosis degree in average lumens diameter of the patients descended from 87.5% to 15.0%. The stenosis of subclavian steal artery was obviously improved and the contraflow of vertebral artery was disappeared without the stent's recovery and displacement by TCD. The mean systolic blood pressure difference between left and right upper limb was obvious lower than that before therapy [51.6 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) vs 10 mmHg after 3 months]. No embolism and death was found.

CONCLUSIONSPTA and SP are effective in the treatment of SSS. Anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy after interventional treatment has a good therapeutic effect. TCD is a cheap, sensitive and non-invasive method for evaluating SSS.

Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stents ; Subclavian Steal Syndrome ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo reconstruct and affix symptomatic giant and fusiform aneurysms of vertebrobasilar artery by using self-expandable stents in 5 cases with an average volume 5.5 mm × 5.0 mm × 60.0 mm.

METHODSThe clinical data of 5 patients who were suffered from giant and fusiform aneurysms of vertebrobasilar artery between October 2007 and October 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Under instructing of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) images deployed the LEO and Neuroform stents for reconstructing and affixing the deferent 5 giant fusiform aneurysms of vertebrobasilar artery. And assisted embolized with 3 Orbit coils for a ruptured aneurysm to stop bleeding at the same time.

RESULTSThe operative procedures were succeeded in all five cases. The damaged signs and symptoms of posterior group of cranial nerves disappeared in 3 cases by following 3 to 26 months. Trigeminal neuralgia in one case was markedly improved but a hemiparesis. One case with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) showed no relapse evidence. Follow up DSA images in 3 cases demonstrated one case with a more rule modality in the part of aneurysm affixed by stent and proximal part of aneurysm in which no covering by stent revealed a mild to expand after 26 months review. And the images of postoperative DSA following 1 month and 4 months in another 2 cases displayed the imaging enlargement of part of the original aneurysm body shrink and shape the rules than the previous view.

CONCLUSIONSThe treatment of symptomatic huge fusiform vertebrobasilar aneurysms by using self-expandable stents is feasible, aneurysm growth is under control, short-term effects are positive.

Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents

Adult ; Antibodies ; blood ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Female ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; drug effects ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; drug therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Interferons ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the operation method and prevention from complications of extracranial carotid stenosis.

METHODSThree cases of carotid angioplasty and stenting for 271 patients with extracranial carotid stenosis were performed from October 2001 to June 2008. Before the operation, take Clopidogrel for 75 mg/d, Aspirin Delayed-Release Capsules for 100 200 mg/d, Simvastatin for 40 mg 1/night, for 5 - 10 d. Then treat continuous vein infusion Heparin 50 mg/d for 2 d. After the operation, continue antiplatelet and reduce blood fat therapy.

RESULTSAll 300 carotid stenting were successfully accomplished. DSA showed that the diameter of stenosed segment of carotid artery was markedly enlarged, and all clinical ischemia signs were improved remarkably. Seven cases suffered from complications in one week after operation and one died. Following up 3 - 24 months in 226 patients, restenosis were found in 5 cases, among which 45 patients were evaluated at follow-up by means of ultrasonic examination for 36 months or so, no restenosis was found. No ischemic attack occurred at follow-up.

CONCLUSIONSThe satisfactory effect and safety are achieved in the therapy of carotid stenosis by carotid angioplasty and stenting. Correct intraoperative treatment and skilled techniques are the key points of success.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angioplasty, Balloon ; Carotid Stenosis ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stents ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prognostic factors and treatment choice for intrahepatic recurrence after hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODSClinicopathological data of 184 HCC patients with intrahepatic recurrence after hepatectomy were collected. The influences of twenty one clinicopathological factors and treatment modalities on the survival after recurrence were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSUnivariate analysis showed that preoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) >100 ng/ml, microscopic venous invasion, patients classified as Child-Pugh class B or C at diagnosis of recurrence, multiple recurrence foci and early recurrence (< or =12 months) were poor prognostic factors. Cox multivariate analysis showed that Child-Pugh class at diagnosis of recurrence, number of recurrent foci and time to recurrence were independent risk factors for survival in patients with recurrence. Median survival after recurrence was 34 months, 23 months, 15 months and 9 months, respectively, in patients treated by repeated hepatectomy, local ablation therapy, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) or non-treatment in 69 patients with solitary recurrence. There were statistically significant differences among these four groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONclassification of Child-Pugh class A at the first time of diagnosis, solitary recurrence, late recurrence (> 12 months), and intrahepatic recurrence occurred after repeated hepatectomy or local ablation therapy are better prognostic factors in patients with HCC recurrence.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Catheter Ablation ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Female ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Time Factors ; Young Adult ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; metabolism